1/I've read many of your
#scienceorigin
stories, and after hesitating to share something so deeply personal, I've decided to because I imagine that many kindred experiences have been unfolding across the world over the last year. My
#science
origin story is one of loss and fear
There is a human tissue that builds itself up and breaks itself down every ~28 days using non-scarring wound healing and instead of studying that and learning everything we can about it we think it's gross and look for other less relevant models to understand wound healing.
Menstrual taboos have not only damaged women's health over these years, but they've also held back immunology research and our understanding of wound healing, inflammation, and repair.
That's why we need a lot more of the revolution underway at MIT's CGR.
This whole thread has left me utterly speechless. If we don't have money to protect people, why in the world are we encouraging them to let their guard down?
The government cannot buy more oral antiviral treatments like Paxlovid beyond the 20 million treatments already secured, and needs to scale back planned purchases of preventative treatments for immunocompromised people, the White House said.
I'm fully vaccinated and I'm going to keep right on masking. My children are still too young to get vaccinated and I have immunocompromised people in my family I'm trying to keep safe. I would appreciate if you continue masking around me as well.
To every single person out there jumping on the I'm not worried about getting "mild COVID" train, I'm starting to lose count of how many of these I've seen. If you pass that mild COVID to a pregnant or immunocompromised person... It can be someone's death sentence.
Today and last night we had 4 fetal demise. IUFD. MD believes cause of three due to complications from acquiring covid. Same MD said they haven’t seen as many in their 25yr career. I’m feeling helpless today.
@suBu_at_work
@zegirish
Nope. But men have been driving the allocation of research funds and determining research directions for a very long time. Enough. It's time for real menstrual science.
With antivirals not yet widely available and no one under 5 vaccinated, I think that it is unconscionable to resign ourselves to “letting it rip”. We need as many mitigation measures in place as possible for a virus that can cause neurological harm, disability, or even death.
One of the craziest things I learned last week at
#AAI2024
was that we have more free-floating extracellular mitochondria in our blood than white blood cells. This was not in any textbook that I ever read!
And the original paper:
🎉🎉OMG🎉🎉
I just got my very first RO1, to develop a predictive diagnostic for
#Lyme
that would allow us to distinguish between disease trajectories and I am SO excited about what my group together with the Lauffenburger lab are going to be able to discover with this support!!!
You've likely heard about gas stoves and indoor air pollution. But we don't have a gas stove. Yet, we had an indoor air pollution mystery that took me and my husband (both PhDs) 11 nights of bad air to figure out.
What the heck was going on? A 🧵 1/18
I had to delete a tweet that got picked up by trolls.
All I'm going to say is that vaccine confidence is NOT thinking that you're now bullet proof against this virus and you can't possibly catch it or pass it to your kids. That's vaccine dillusion not vaccine confidence.
I could not be more proud in this moment than watching my PhD advisor
@VirusesImmunity
explaining to the country why we need to invest in a new mucosal vaccine strategy to protect from infection.
I've added a SARS-CoV2 timeline of exposure window/contagious window/symptoms with the major caveat of all of the current uncertainty as we learn more and more about this virus in real time. It now fits with the series I have below for seasonal pathogens we encounter. feedback?
1/ The term "chronic EBV" used to elicit an🙄from many (most?) clinicians before this enormous study profiling over a million service people for decades found a causative association between Epstein Bar Virus (EBV) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS).
Absolutely incorrect. You're going to need more than a booster. You need N95s, rapid tests and good ventilation and air filtration. You need to avoid large gatherings. We can't just boost our way out of this unfortunately.
We can’t shout ‘get your booster’ from the rooftops of the White House, so we asked
@PTXofficial
to do us one better. Find a booster or vaccine appointment near you at .
@roby_bhatt
I vaccinated my own children as soon as they were eligible and so did every single immunologist I know. I don't know one who didn't. That's got to tell you something when doctors and immunologists are unanimously vaccinating their own children.
Huge congrats to Mikki Tal
@ImmunoFever
for her promotion today to Principal Scientist @ MIT in Biological Engineering! We are so lucky to have her here, leading the charge in Lyme research, and so many other things. Full speed ahead!
My talk at Stanford (and on Zoom) from today on coronavirus. The talk starts just after 2 minutes in. Slides to follow in the thread and will also be available by PPT upon request. Huge thank you to
@florian_krammer
for giving me his slides to build off of
Had an open conversation with my 2x vaccinated kids about the risks of being exposed to this coronavirus in school tomorrow given our local case rates.
We decided together to take a safety day at home and then reassess. We're just going to take this one day at a time.
1/ Can intramuscular vaccination induce an immune response that protects against not only disease (
#COVID19
), but viral infection and transmission of
#SARSCoV2
in the local mucosa? In a new preprint by
@GeorgieNahass
et al we found that saliva may be KEY🧵
Antibody study finds 70% still have neutalizing antibodies 6 months after SARS-COV2 infection.
"IgG-S/N titers showed an intermediate contraction phase, but stabilized at relatively high levels over the six months observation period."
How thrilling to see this online after 8 years in the works!!!
We showed that
#Lyme
bacteria
mimic our own“don’t eat me” signal with their P66 protein to hide in plain sight!!! This tricks our SIRPa protein to trigger the breaks on immune clearance!
@aetiology
Why not say, once we hit 70% vaccination as a country then we can lift mask restrictions, and make it a common goal with a clear goal post, with an incentive that we're working towards together instead of just springing it on us.
How many times do you all want to go around this merry-go-round with new variants? The time to optimize for mucosal immunity is now. We need intranasal or oral vaccines and if we're already re-formulating variant specific boosters they should be made to prevent transmission.
Has anyone ever seen mice chew up all their food and spit it into their bedding to make a mountain before???We have 3 different cages doing this and we are PERPLEXED!!!
WOW!!! Antibiotics directly compromising barrier integrity and causing future chronic illness and immune dysregulation!!! As someone who works on everything that can still go wrong after antibiotic treatment for
#Lyme
disease, this has my brain humming!!!
🚨🚨I’m excited to present our lab’s new paper where we tried to provide a mechanistic explanation for the link between antibiotic use and risk of developing inflammatory bowel diseases (
#IBD
). A 🧵/1
This funny macrophage was caught taking a bite out of
#Lyme
! Just captured a fun shot of an inner slice of a macrophage in the moment of eating a Borrelia burgdorferi spirochete.
@LonnieRhea
@BayAreaLyme
There is not a single warning about filling this ultrasonic humidifier with tap water! I had no idea what this would do to the air that my son would be breathing in all night. But you know who did? Safety 1st sure did. This was known for several years!!!
So why in the world is there NO WARNING on ultrasonic humidifiers that you can't use tap water?
I'll only be getting evaporative humidifiers from now on, thank you very much. And I'll be hating on ultrasonic humidifiers that don't warn people not to use tap water.
18/18
END.
Thank you so much
@MIT
@techreview
for featuring our work on the cover! It's time we get to the bottom of these important questions critical to us understanding and tackling infection-associated chronic illnesses!!!
As a cancer hospital full of people with weak immune systems seeking care, I'm so glad to see
@DanaFarber
reinstate their mask policy during this time of increased spread of respiratory infections. I honestly believe all the hospitals should be doing this.
#ReduceSpread
!
Today is my official first day as Principal Scientist at
@MITdeptofBE
!!!
I'm so excited and hopeful for the important questions we get to ask about tick borne diseases and other chronic diseases that disproportionally impact females.
You know what
#sciencetwitter
? I'm pretty sure I'll never forget how you all tried to help mitigate a pandemic in real time, doing everything you possibly could to help so many. I appreciate you and I'm wishing that 2022 brings in also better days. Happy New Year tweeps!
@IamSubhayu
You're not alone. You may want to connect with
@IndiaCOVIDSOS
where a lot of people around the world are coming together with all their different skills and resources to help the people on the ground try to make things better.
@BhupeshPrusty
You're reminding me of a collaborative study we did w/ Phil West when he was in the Shadel lab with
@VirusesImmunity
@Tcellogic
. I've often wondered how infection and chronic inflammatory diseases can trigger varying levels of mitochondrial defficiency
If you've got a sore throat/sniffles think Omicron. WE NEED UPDATED SYMPTOM and SWABBING GUIDELINES and we need them NOW!
@CDCgov
@US_FDA
where are you?
Throat swabs returning positives when nasal swabs are negative. (Please avoid food/drink/toothpaste before a throat swab.)
Well, there it is. Today, with the “wrong” (i.e. cold) symptoms and after a string of negative LFTs, I finally took Twitter advice and swabbed my throat as well as my nose (no mean feat with that diddly stick). If you think you might have COVID, consider adding the throat sample
We think of macrophages as these Pac-man cells but I think we should think of them as elasti-macs. Watch as some eat themselves to death trying to eat the bacteria that cause Lyme disease.
#TakeABiteOutOfLyme
#Cellfie
Can we PLEASE consider temperature as an important variable in immune effector protein function???? How do we analyze proteins that work during fever not at fever temperatures???
What an incredible time in infectious disease research. The Solano county patient virus sequence is already publicly available! Closest resemblance to CA6, one of the Santa Clara patients who was then quarantined.
IRB approved!!! After an unbelievably long effort of getting this research approved, we'll now be able to study secreted antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccination, and in LONG COVID. More details coming from
@SalivaStudy
very soon!
1/3 Helping process samples on the back-end of a clinical trial is a different experience from Drs interacting with patients. But when you've got a sample with hardly no PBMCs because the patient had severe lymphopenia, you really do think about the person and not just the sample
The biggest problem is that all the labs who couldn't reproduce it didn't find their voice to say that the emperor has no clothes. We need a way to be able to scream "the emperor has no clothes" or entire fields can be poisoned by a couple of especialy prominent bad apples.
This looks like Theranos level fraud. The last 16 years of Alzheimer’s research looks to have been built on deliberately falsified data.
It’s why Alzheimer’s drugs have a 99% failure rate in trials. The thing they’re trying to fix isn’t the problem.
Even if you're feeling ambivalent about catching COVID, you should do anything that you can to NOT catch it RIGHT NOW. It's not easy. It's everywhere. But you HAVE TO TRY! Do not give in to DEFEATEST B.S. or MILD B.S. or any of that. Please put up a fight!
What an incredible treat to meet the one and only
@resiapretorius
in person on her whirlwind tour of the northeast and to also get to chat with
@MBVanElzakker
!!! So exciting! Could these microclots also happen in chronic Lyme??? To be continued...
Every pediatrician I know is eager to get their own kids age 5-11 vaccinated immediately, and they are planning to get as many kids vaccinated in their offices as quickly as possible. If that doesn’t tell you how safe and effective the
#COVID19
vaccine is, I don’t know what will.
At this point we understand a remarkable amount about how this virus causes disease and how it's transmitted. With time, we'll understand more and more. What I will never ever understand is how we failed to summon the leadership to contain this, or the will to care.
I noticed more people masking in MA as compared to last week. Those people are clearly paying attention. For those of you who haven't been, it's time to mask up again. (I'm a healthy/fully vaccinated/immunologist, wearing N95s to go into lab, and the (even riskier) grocery store)
I'm fully vaccinated and I'm going to keep right on masking. My children are still too young to get vaccinated and I have immunocompromised people in my family I'm trying to keep safe. I would appreciate if you continue masking around me as well.
I want to share a description of an incredible memo making the rounds in Israel... It's about a teacher who has been asking her students at the end of every week to write down the names of 4 kids they want to be seated with the next week. Every. Single. Week. Since Columbine. 1/3
Well... We took a safety week (of unexcused absences since an immunologist saying it's not safe to send her kids to school is not a sufficient excuse) and meanwhile one of my son's schools had 50 cases who were in while contagious this week. WTF are we supposed to do next week?
Thank you
@MIT
@MITdeptofBE
@techreview
for featuring our work on chronic Lyme and Long covid on the main website today! Wow! What incredible institutional support for the terribly neglected infection-associated chronic illnesses!!! More of this please!
This isn't like ripping off a bandaid. We're talking about letting a nasty virus rip through the population infecting people. It might not be nasty for you. True. But it might be. Or for someone you love. Is this really the moment to risk it?
Even if you're feeling ambivalent about catching COVID, you should do anything that you can to NOT catch it RIGHT NOW. It's not easy. It's everywhere. But you HAVE TO TRY! Do not give in to DEFEATEST B.S. or MILD B.S. or any of that. Please put up a fight!
I've decided to begin a thread on the virtual
#immunology
and/or
#COVID19
/
#SARSCoV2
related seminars that are going on. Some have been absolutely fantastic, and I'm really hoping that moving forward we can keep reducing our carbon footprint and broadening attendance this way.
Two years after our original submission, I can finally say that I'm so happy to announce our new paper! If you thought CD47 receptor, SIRPa, was a macrophage thing, SIRPrise, it's on T cells! SIRPa marks functional T cells even in exhaustion.
6/ Unlike many other things in life, herpesviruses are forever. I would like to suggest that instead of scoffing at "chronic EBV", or ignoring EBV reactivations and their risk for causing autoimmune diseases and infection-associated chronic illnesses, that we take a closer look.
Why do some people bounce right back after an infection while others endure prolonged suffering? We've launched a new clinical study
@MIT
, MAESTRO, asking this question. We made a brief explainer video if you want to learn more.
The sad part is that in the U.S., most people you talk to just think this is how the pandemic is, and don't realize that most countries across the world have been handling it SO much better. They can't even imagine...
The best example of how to screw the pandemic response came from USA. Amazing that the ‘self entitled most advanced’ country on earth has close to 900,000 infections a day, full hospitals, high number of deaths and still an anti vaccine movement in 2022 during the omicron wave…
As an immunologist, and as a mom, I'm ABSOLUTELY AGAINST "letting Omicron rip". Obviously I want to do everything I can to protect the vulnerable, and I also want the young and healthy to stay that way. I'm just going to keep navigating this storm the best I can.
Overwhelmed by the response to the
@BostonGlobe
piece on our clinical study! I hope we can find some answers for all these people reaching out in desperation, as they fall through the cracks of medical care with infection-associated chronic illness.
5/ The more we look, the more autoimmune diseases we find that might be caused, at least in part, by EBV, such as this study on increased risk for Lupus after EBV infection. Are EBV and other common cold causing viruses as harmless as we like to think?
@nimivashi15
@drama_science
@WhiteheadInst
Someone heard me referencing his work back in my PhD, maybe 2010 and whispered warnings way back then. If I've known for over a decade then people have been complaining for a long time.
I want to host a hybrid conference,
@MITdeptofBE
, with speakers and audience members also joining us virtually to hear from those who have recovered from infection-associated chronic illnesses like chronic
#Lyme
,
#LongCovid
, and
#MECFS
. Have speaker suggestions? Your own story?
We've launched a study to investigate why some people develop chronic illness from acute infections using the lens of both chronic Lyme and long COVID - while also answering one very important question: who is more at risk to develop chronic symptoms?
Why do some people bounce right back after an infection while others endure prolonged suffering? We've launched a new clinical study
@MIT
, MAESTRO, asking this question. We made a brief explainer video if you want to learn more.
Your immune system has the power to kill you, so you should be wary of "strengthening" or "unleashing your immune system". Too much of a good thing can be a bad thing.
Does it matter if you’re sweating at the time you get a tick bite?
Do you have
#Lyme
fighting proteins in your sweat?
Check out our latest preprint with
@HannaMOllila
where we take a deep look at the genetics of people who get Lyme disease.
"Intranasal immunization with ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S provided superior protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and inflammation in the upper respiratory tract. These findings support intranasal administration of the ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S candidate vaccine"
A single intranasal or intramuscular immunization with chimpanzee adenovirus vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine protects against pneumonia in hamsters.
#bioRxiv
Nice paper: . As we reconfigure vaccines against new variants, why not do a twofer by adding an intranasal boost following systemic administration. This can help block transmission and potentially provide breadth of response against VOC. NOW IS THE TIME!
16/I think that there are brand new
#scienceorigin
stories just like mine being seeded all across the world throughout this pandemic. From the ashes, I hope some of those curious minds rise up to ask big important questions and shape our future for the better.
I'm reading SUCH a cool paper, but I just can't!!! NOOOOOOOO Th2 is NOT anti-inflammatory! Th2 is NOT anti-inflammatory! Please help me shout this from the rooftops. Th2/allergic-type responses are highly "inflammatory", just with different disease manifestations than Th1.
I have to tell you about a class that Irv Weissman gave at
@CellStanford
. There was no homework or prep. You showed up and he gave you the title of a classic paper in the field. Together as a class, they had to come up with the figures of the paper that could prove that title.
PROPOSAL: a diagnosis podcast but for research
Like you show a couple of scientists a Figure 1 of a paper and they discuss what they would do next, and what this finding means in the field, and then you show them Fig 2 etc
2/3 I want to thank everyone out there who is consenting to participate in all these clinical trials right now, and the mild cases showing back up for their day 5 or day 7 timepoints. You guys hold the answers in your blood to some big questions.
Two years after our original submission, I can finally say that I'm so happy to announce our new paper showing
SIRPa marks functional T cells even in exhaustion.
If you thought the CD47 receptor, SIRPa, was a macrophage thing, SIRPrise, it's on T cells!
As we toast
@VirusesImmunity
for her 20th
#IwasakiLabReunion
of the lab and her birthday, we are all reminiscing on the incredible mentorship we had/have the privileged to enjoy. Her grace, her bravery, her compassion, and her generosity. And how much this emoji captures:
4/My uncle Robbie (whom I adored) died of
#HIV
/AIDS when I was only 8. I didn't understand much about it at the time, but I understood that a tiny little virus could take down a grown man, and so very many of his friends. It shook me to my core.
I will soon post a tweetorial on a major chunk of my postdoctoral research which is finally published today. In the meantime, here's the NIH press release:
I feel like I did everything I could to warn that head to head comparisons of JnJ's coronavirus vaccine did not look particularly promising. Even after boosting. Sometimes we have to look beyond the blood and glimpse local responses at the mucosa. 1 of 3.
Omicron deaths are 2.5x ⬆️ for JnJers than other vaccinees even when reported case rates are lower
As usual J&J used the durability deflection (as if poor protection is okay when it's constant) while the CDC gave empty platitudes.
Good reporting by CBS
14/The role of *salivary* antibodies in protection against
#SARSCoV2
is unknown. Surveillance of salivary antibodies could provide critical insight into who is at highest risk for breakthrough infection post vaccination, as well as helping to optimize protection against the virus
@TheBcellArtist
I'm really glad you brought this up
@TheBcellArtist
and the response to this thread has been overwhelming.
We must see this for what it is. People are voting with their feet. We either stop the abuse (financial stress, overwork, insane expectations) or we won't have postdocs.
I think we're going to have to address the growing divide between academic trainees who were able to pivot to COVID research and get big papers these last two years vs those who had their research set back significantly during this time. This issue is not going to resolve itself.
This woman was called "invincible". She survived Ebola and helped so many others. She just died in childbirth, as do over 800 women around the world. Every. Single. Day. In 2019.
#womenslivesmatter
#globalcitizen
On Monday, at 2:30pm PDT I'll be giving a talk on coronavirus for non-viroligists through Zoom
@CellStanford
. Since most people will attend virtually it won't be as interactive, but I'm welcoming questions in advance. What are your most pressing questions?
Starting to see that light at the end of this pandemic tunnel!!! I never awaited a birthday this anxiously! Feeling such relief getting my son to vaccination day without him getting COVID on the way. Happy 12th birthday kiddo! Thanks for doing your part, for yourself and others!!
Looking back on it, the irony is that when I first debated running to buy distilled water vs tap water, I thought tap water might be better since distilled water is transported in plastic with BPA. But no. Tap water is NOT safer in an ultrasonic humidifier. 17/
@DrWinterhorn
@Griffith17431
Yes! We are profoundly underestimating the long term health risks from common viruses that we let run rampant through the population and through our children.
Thank you for discussing this mistake openly, and the implications of it, and for calling out the CDC's premature and harmful call on vaccinated unmasking that turned into everyone unmasking.
Last year Tony Fauci and I famously, prematurely, & wrongly advised against masks. I felt it was the best call at the time, but now regret it.
I’m worried the CDC also made a similarly premature, misinterpreted, yet still harmful call on masking in the face of ⬆️ delta variant.
On Oct. 26th, the FDA will review the Pfizer vaccine data for 5-11yos.
We need them vaccinated by Thanksgiving. This will have a huge effect.
You failed us for the start of the school year, and we faced impossible choices. Don't fail us now.
In a meeting w/ Irv Weissman:
Irv: I just came across a leader in HIV I hadn't been familiar with.
Me: who is he?
Irv (incredulous): You? You!.... I can't believe YOU just said "he"!
Me: I have implicit bias's too.
Thanks Irv for the reminder! Let's all keep reminding each other
While highest risk of death is strongly correlated with increased age, hospitalizations are significant also in the 20-50 age group. Please everyone stay home and stay safe.
Younger Adults Make Up Big Portion of Coronavirus Hospitalizations in U.S.