Heechang : : FP
@xparadigms
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Co-Founder/Product Lead at @FourPillarsFP . Research on "DeFi Infra." | prev. @Xangle_official , @IBCindex , @MitosisOrg .
Joined August 2018
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True, I believe next year will see the launch of many interesting dApps. However, the approach to "Building dApps in Crypto" has changed.
Deploying on a single blockchain is no longer sufficient to maximize value. Instead, projects—especially in DeFi—are likely to adopt more
A common trend I’ve been seeing with early stage infra teams lately:
Rather than trying to sell their infra and compete B2B with incumbents, they are dogfooding their own stack and trying to build popular apps on top of it.
They want to nail distribution and community first,
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Landscape of Chain Abstraction
The landscape of Chain Abstraction involves coordination and there are now active developments. I think this should be the final narrative to improve the user experience in crypto.
An article by
@FourPillarsFP
@FourPillarsKR
will be published
App-level abstractions have always been the way to go.
At
@lifiprotocol
, our focus from Day 1 has been on the B2B side of things — be it abstracting the swap button or the bridging process altogether or overhauling the UX with zaps.
Today, over 250 applications use our tech
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Avail is Not Just Another Modular Blockchain Project
It is building the infrastructure for Rollups with its three Core Components - Avail DA, Avail Nexus, and Avail Fusion. The key value proposition centers around...
"Unification."
The introduction of modular blockchain has
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.
@initiaFDN
and
@ethereum
- Why I am bullish on Initia
Initia is like Ethereum, rebuilt for the rollups. As Ethereum is the platform for dapps to be built upon, so it has to stay neutral and the design choice for Ethereum is carefully considered for broad participants.
This
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20
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.
@SuiNetwork
and
@ethereum
- Sui Lutris and Ethereum Preconfirmation
I just looked into what "Sui Lutris" is. It is said to "integrate both consensusless and consensus-based transaction processing to achieve high performance."
At first, I thought this was similar to "Ethereum
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: :
@initiaFDN
Research Dashboard
Initia is designed from scratch for rollups in mind. Its features such as OSS, VIP, Unified Name Service, native IBC, enshrined sequencer, etc aim to enhance the experience for both users and developers.
To fully
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4 pillars research report on
@initiaFDN
coming to your tl soon tm
4 new minitias in 4 different verticals that will make a phenomenal cohort of app-chains
coming to your tl soon tm
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: : My Research on Modular Blockchain at
@FourPillarsFP
@FourPillarsKR
Its been a year since I published an article on "OP-Stack," which was published around the Bedrock upgrade.
The reason why I am into Modular Blockchain is actually because I have my thesis on "Blockchain
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📦 Modular Blockchain Landscape (60+ projects)
Trying to build a diagram on all the modular blockchain projects out there at
@FourPillarsFP
with
@100y_eth
+ thinking a better way to classify those projects.
anything i am missing?
@nickwh8te
@modularmedia_
@0xJim
@sunnydece
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Storyslee's personal journey is quite interesting
SY is a very well-known and respected entrepreneur in Korea. As a crypto researcher deeply in the industry, I found it interesting to see SY's transition.
SY entered crypto, with a vision to solve a problem he saw in the
<To Those in the Trenches>
Story would not exist today if it weren’t for a man named Gatsby (Seung Soo).
His story—a tale of heroic sacrifice for a friend’s dream—reminds me that behind every huge headline, there are hundreds of unsung heroes who silently shouldered the
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Just went through the process of magi by
@a16zcrypto
, an alternative to op-node, which is responsible for driving the L2 chain forward by processing L1 blocks and deriving the input for L2 block construction.
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Humanity Protocol (
@Humanityprot
) shares similarities with
@worldcoin
, yet has a distinct value proposition.
Check out our Article on Humanity Protocol at
@FourPillarsFP
@FourPillarsKR
by
@IngsParty
@Steve_4P
👇
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People asked what the projects are in the diagram so this is the whole list of the projects.
Thanks to
@jinglingcookies
for drafting this out
and always thanks to
@100y_eth
for maintaining more extensive list for internal research.
btw, at
@FourPillarsFP
, we are working on
📦 Modular Blockchain Landscape (60+ projects)
Trying to build a diagram on all the modular blockchain projects out there at
@FourPillarsFP
with
@100y_eth
+ thinking a better way to classify those projects.
anything i am missing?
@nickwh8te
@modularmedia_
@0xJim
@sunnydece
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🔴 Optimism’s Superchain vision can Fail
There is an increasing interest in OP-Stack, as many projects plan to deploy OP-Stack-based chains. Currently, more than 15 projects are built using OP-Stack, not only on top of Ethereum but also on BNB, Bitcoin, and Celestia (although
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Blast: A New Opportunity on Ethereum Layer 2
@Blast_L2
is a new layer 2 scaling solution with native yield generation, being built on Ethereum by
@PacmanBlur
, the founder of popular NFT marketplace
@blur_io
.
Blast is designed specifically to handle yield-bearing assets like
Introducing Blast: The only Ethereum L2 with native yield for ETH and stablecoins.
We’ve raised $20m from
@Paradigm
and
@StandardCrypto
to build the L2 that helps you earn more.
Details on how to get early access at the end of the thread👇
7K
8K
15K
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.
@initiaFDN
's ecosystem features cohesive economic incentives called VIP for L1 and L2. Examining this VIP system can provide insights for projects building L2.
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I just wrote an article on OP-Stack.
OP-Stack by
@optimismFND
is the most practical choice for building a customized blockspace. It boasts various developer resources and incurs lower costs for security and decentralization compared to starting from a bare fork.
: : OP-Stack: The Most Simple Framework to Build Your Blockchain
🧵
1. OP-Stack and Outlook on the Future of Rollup
2. Benefits of OP-Stack
3. Architecture of OP-Stack
4. Related Projects
5. Limitations
Article by
@xparadigms
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: :
@ethena_labs
Chain is coming
Expanding the DeFi ecosystem in 2025 will be different.
In the past,
@MakerDAO
had Teleport, where they had a separate infrastructure that acted as a bridge for $DAI (based on
@wormhole
), and
@fraxfinance
had a Frax Ferry, which was also a
Today marks an important step forward in more closely aligning the growth and use of $USDe with $ENA
The launch of a generalized staking capability for $ENA with
@symbioticfi
and
@LayerZero_Labs
is the first step in adding functional utility for $ENA within the Ethena ecosystem
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.
@monad_xyz
is soon to launch its mainnet, and their infra and ecosystem are currently being developed under the hood.
As the mainnet launch is imminent, there will be more info and projects being revealed.
@FourPillarsFP
will keep the readers updated on the latest
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: : Thought Experiment on Rebuilding Ethereum
Ethereum has numerous stakeholders, making it challenging to build infrastructure solely focused on rollups. But what if we were to rebuild Ethereum entirely with rollups in mind? How would it look?
@initiaFDN
is currently
: : Initia - What If We Rebuild Ethereum For The Rollups?
Article by
@xparadigms
(Full Text)
(Summary of Text)
Ethereum's roadmap emphasizes rollups as a primary scaling solution, incorporating initiatives like EIP-4844, statelessness, and state expiry.
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Huge respect to the delphi team and
@anildelphi
@YanLiberman
@ZeMariaMacedo
for building this amazing firm. Delphi really made this industry better place.
I also learned and learning a lot from reading their research. One of my favorite is their “Finding a Home for Labs”
We at
Delphi turns 6 this month. Incredibly fortunate to be able to build it with my best friends.
Grateful for everyone who’s been a part of the journey. Couldn’t be prouder of the team we have and what we’re working on.
Taking some time to reflect on the journey below:
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Earn with Crypto - This is the Biggest Potential in Crypto w/
@utopialabs_
Crypto assets are highly volatile since they lack financial metrics to calculate P/E, ROE, etc. Usually, the market sentiment is the core factor driving up and down the price.
This volatility makes the
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Initia - What If We Rebuild Ethereum For The Rollups?
Solana was not built for rollups
Ethereum was not built for rollups
Initia was built for rollups
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: : Ethereum, Rollups, and Initia (
@initiaFDN
)
The current landscape of rollups in the Ethereum ecosystem is diverse and rapidly evolving, with various projects exploring different proof systems and execution environments (Next-Gen VMs).
However, rollups are "part" of the
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Why Chain Abstraction is gaining attention
(*Excerpt from my upcoming article)
"User interactions in crypto can be broken down into several components. There have been many attempts to make these interactions more seamless by abstracting some of the components involved.
The Chain Abstraction Market Map:
A map of 80+ projects unifying the modular ecosystem.
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With
@_kaitoai
’s crypto AI platform, I have looked into 100+ podcasts episodes in an hour and there are really lots to take away in the podcasts.
These are some of the podcasts I looked into.
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: : Restaking - Will It Make Blockchain PoS More Asset-Efficient?
Featured:
@eigenlayer
@symbioticfi
@Karak_Network
Restaking, a tech narrative popularized by
@eigenlayer
, is seeing the peak of the attention, and now its a time to get into the production and face the real
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Blockchain Research is important thats why we built Modular Odyssey, explanation of 30+ Modular blockchain projects
Blockchain industry is at a very early stage whether technically, in business perspective but also in cultural perspective.
I believe the open nature of
🧱 Modular Odyssey is here!
Introducing the inaugural Odyssey series from
@FourPillarsFP
, aiming to become a source of information on the Modular world.
🧵: 30+ modular projects covered, and more interesting updates coming soon
Link:
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List of
@FourPillarsFP
Researchers at KBW. Feel free to reach out and have a chat
1/
@Steve_4P
: monolithic expert -
@SuiNetwork
,
@injective
,
@monad_xyz
,
@SeiNetwork
, etc
2/
@JayLovesPotato
: monolithic/governance expert -
@StoryProtocol
,
@solana
, etc
3/
@pillarbear_
:
🚀🙋♂️ Four Pillars is Coming to KBW 2024 🙋♂️🚀
FP will be co-hosting 3 events at
#KBW2024
and participating as a panelist/moderator in 4 events.
If you're attending any of the events below, have a chat with people wearing FP T-Shirts !
List of Participating Events ⬇️
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What I like about Initia is its detail. It has been shipping features that support for rollup operations, making them "Interwoven."
Recent ones inclue
1. Minitswap
2. VIP
3. Fast Restaked Relayer
Great visual on
@initiaFDN
by
@eli5_defi
!
My Article on Initia:
Interwoven Rollups 🪢
This year, estimated 150+ rollups will be launched, but the scalability problems still lingering.
Introducing:
@initiaFDN
Interwoven Rollups.
And it's not just your usual rollups.
Let's dive in. 📖
...
— 📌 | Initia Interwoven Rollups 🪢
⇢ Initia,
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Just got curious about the number of research articles
@MessariCrypto
has posted each month since the beginning.
They have been consistently posting great articles, and it seems that their quality is getting better and better.
I built an airtable on the whole articles since
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Architecture of
@intentessential
@intentessential
raised $5.15M from
@Maven11Capital
@robotventures
,
@neelsalami
,
@_prestwich
...
An infrastructure for intents is being built by
@intentessential
(i.e. EIP-7521), similar to how ERC-4337 operates. This infrastructure will
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Really great report by
@yusufxzy
(from
@Delphi_Digital
).
Those who are building L2s should look into this.
This kind of report is exactly what a crypto research firm tracking the most cutting-edge developments should produce.
---
Also, regarding this landscape, there will
1/15 More than $4B in MEV volume has been recorded on Layer 2 networks. Transaction sequencing policies heavily influence how this value is captured. I've written about how policies such as Arbitrum's FCFS & Timeboost, Optimism's PGA, FastLane, and OEV Network impact MEV capture.
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@eigenlayer
,
@cosmos
ICS … is Security Sharing Sustainable?
The composability of blockchain enables sharing security with other blockchain infrastructures and there are multiple projects built upon this.
[Categories]
1/ Interchain Security: A network assists other blockchain
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Nice analogy! One thing it missed is VIP, which is an unique crypto-native stuff that
@initiaFDN
has.
With VIP (Vested Interest Program), the applications can benefit from the success of the platform, and get incentivized. (i.e. apps in
@Apple
Appstore can get additional
📱 Initia uses Apple's philosophy: allowing devs to choose their perfect VM (EVM, Move, Wasm) and build apps without worrying about core infra like:
- Bridging
- DEX
- Oracles
- Native USDC
- Wallets
- Security
All Minitia's benefit from the same baked-in features.
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Fluent and Avail - Similar vision in different modular tech stack
.
@fluentxyz
is building a blended execution environment, supporting multiple vm in one rollup. This can open up a lot of projects in different ecosystem to interoperate, bringing diverse primitives in a single
.
@fluentxyz
is now integrating with Avail DA.
This integration enables us to create blended execution networks, offering unmatched flexibility by combining apps from multiple VMs with scalable, fast-to-finality data availability.
This means enhanced scalability, reduced
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I'm really happy to hear this! Our mission at
@FourPillarsFP
@FourPillarsKR
is to advance this industry with authentic analysis and insights.
We will continue to enhance and diversify our content to provide fresh perspectives!
Additionally, we have a vision to build a "Crypto
Been following
@FourPillarsFP
for quite some time now and I have to say
"It has to be one of the best research providing platforms"
@Steve_4P
you are 🔥
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Really looking forward to what use cases could be built upon
@fluentxyz
!
I see some great team on its launch partners
@HyperOracle
@ComposableFin
@vistaralabs
@makegamesfast
We are proud to announce the Private Testnet release of Fluent's zkWasm L2 🎉
Here's to making it easy for millions of developers to build on Ethereum 🥂
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.
@Steve_4P
- "Didn't
@StoryProtocol
start building Layer1 because you guys just wanted to raise more money?"
Great episode by
@PFPpod
with
@jasonjzhao
!
[E2] 25-Year-Old Entrepreneur Builds $2.25B Layer 1 Blockchain in Just Two Years
Before fully transitioning into the crypto space, Jason Zhao (
@jasonjzhao
) was the youngest Product Manager at
@GoogleDeepMind
. Now, at 25 years old, he is an entrepreneur and co-founder of
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.
@FourPillarsFP
+1 mentioned
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📦 The fast-evolving modular blockchain ecosystem needs a go-to resource that can help understand the architecture of various modular blockchain projects.
But also provide different perspectives on operating a modular blockchain; such as on interoperability, economics, security
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.
@mycelmycel
is a new project being built in the intent landscape by leveraging
@anoma
. (Hope to see more projects experiment on Anoma)
They are building a primitive called Account-Resource Mapping Model (IARMM) where a multiple accounts in different blockchain are mapped to a
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I am doing research on the attempts to "Scale the Bitcoin Ecosystem." with
@wowitsjun_
There are three ways, and one involves extending Bitcoin Assets, which includes:
1. Wrapped BTC
2. Bitcoin Token Protocols - Ordinals and Runes
One interesting thing I found is that the
sad because WBTC is a significant revenue driver for Maker, and without real alternative for Defi users. but off-boarding is likely the right choice.
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Great new pod
[E1] From Expelled Student at Seoul National University to CTO of a Crypto Startup
A few years ago, Taek (
@leekt216
), the CTO of
@zerodev_app
, was expelled from Seoul National University (SNU), often referred to as the Harvard of South Korea. After his expulsion, Taek has since
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As I did research into this, I felt like more detailed research and discussion are needed to prevent potential future risks.
Follow
@FourPillarsFP
@ChainLight_io
for future updates!
: : Is Modular Blockchain at Risk?
🧵 This report discusses the potential security risks of Modular Blockchain and analysis of projects, including
@EclipseFND
@EspressoSys
@dymension
.
Article by
@xparadigms
and
@SiwonHuh
from
@ChainLight_io
👇
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Wake up! Its 2024, and new L1s should be built with a different tokenomics - not like
@Bitcoin
@ethereum
or general
@cosmos
blockchains.
Check out some recent innovations!
: : New-Gen Layer1 Tokenomocis: Three Pillars for the Token Flywheel
Article by
@G_Gyeomm
🧵 Let’s explore the ideal tokenomics model for future Layer1.
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Mantle really is trying to have an unique approach on building their infrastructure and ecosystem. What I especially found interesting was their ecosystem strategies on building projects like mETH, and their reward station.
: : Three Pillars to Build a Successful Rollup, and The Journey of Mantle
Article by
@xparadigms
@i_am_yona22
(Full Text)
(Summary of Text)
What does it mean to build a successful rollup? It can vary depending on the criteria and the audience that
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+ Also grateful to the Korean researchers who consistently deliver high-quality insights, although some see Korea as an exit liquidity.
@ChainLight_io
@SiwonHuh
@13300RPM
@lihan_xangle
@dsrvlabs_jiyun
@subinium
@wowitsjun_
@woogieboogie_jl
@BidenCho
@PrestoResearch
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I am working on an article (w/
@SiwonHuh
) that analyzed the potential risks of Modular Blockchain, who is interested in having a peek ahead?
Some Projects covered
@EspressoSys
@EclipseFND
@dymension
Purpose of the Article
-> The concept of modular blockchain decoupled the
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It was one of the best side events during KBW
@MitosisOrg
’s Liquidity Summit has officially concluded!
It was my first time organizing everything from start to finish, but getting hands-on with operations and planning made it a rewarding experience. A big shoutout to the 250 attendees and 20 session panelists
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Neutron is being built by one of the most experienced team in the DeFi ecosystem and have interesting customization in the chain level.
As there are lots of rollups being built, there are lessons to learn from an appchain like Neutron which has lots of custom enshrined features.
: : From Lido to an Integrated Appchain - Neutron
Article by
@xparadigms
🧵 Let's dive into how the Neutron started from developing once the biggest DeFi project to launching its appchain.
*Also, there is an additional section on how the economics of restaking works in Neutron
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Bull Case on
@EverclearOrg
- Working with CEX?
Everclear, previously known as Connext, was the first team to use the word "Chain Abstraction" to abstract the complex interaction in the multichain ecosystem.
They are now building what is called "Clearing Layer," to net away
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In 2024, the crypto industry didn't see as many innovations as in the last bull cycle.
Also, the Korean market is struggling now, with few leading local projects.
I think
@StoryProtocol
will push the boundaries of how blockchain can be used, with its IP lego potentially
Attention, Seoul! 🇰🇷
We're linking up with
@FourPillarsFP
to host an evening of talks, presentations, and camaraderie in the spirit of onchain creativity and innovation in the age of AI.
See you August 1st from 6-9pm at the JBK 컨벤션홀 !
Register now, link in bio!
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: : Chain Abstraction Will Change How We Interact with Blockchains
Chain Abstraction aims to simplify the complexities of interacting with hundreds of blockchains.
I think related projects will also focus on reducing complexities within a single chain, and also extend to
: : Chain Abstraction - The Final Narrative to Fix the Crypto UX Problem in Hundreds of Blockchains
Article by
@xparadigms
(Full Text)
(Summary of Text)
Experience in crypto is broken. In the internet era, it is one of the industries that has the worst
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This podcast is 🔥. Other episodes are also fun to listen to
movement labs just raised $38M in Series A, led by polychain capital w participation from hack vc, placeholder, archetype, dao5 and the list goes on
here's a scoop of the
@movementlabsxyz
fundraise story 💰
@rushimanche
, cofounder of movement labs on
@cryptotownpod
S2 🇦🇪
gmove
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Ethereum ETF approval and Ethena may not seem closely related, but there are correlations that could drive Ethena's growth.
This article covers how the Bitcoin ETF influenced Ethena and how the Ethereum ETF could affect Ethena's products.
: : Ethereum ETF Approval and Ethena - A Potential Opportunity
Article by
@xparadigms
(Full Text)
(Summary of Text)
The approval of Ethereum ETFs marks a pivotal moment for the crypto market. This ETF is poised to bring substantial liquidity and
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: : Fat Frontend Thesis
Front-ends in the web3 space can be classified into two categories: read-only and read-write.
1. read-only: includes block explorers and analytics platforms, and it can generate revenue through advertisements, similar to web2 businesses.
2. read-write:
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: : Next Phase of Digital Gold
Bitcoin is renowned for its resistance to change, with past disagreements resulting in forks like Bitcoin Cash and Bitcoin SV.
The proposed OP_CAT addition, while controversial, promises an impact greater than any previous upgrade.
The
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: : As the crypto industry moves into the consumer application phase, Polymarket's temporary success in replacing existing prediction markets holds significant implications.
It will be crucial to observe whether Polymarket can maintain its current popularity beyond the U.S.
: : One Way to Illuminate the Future: Polymarket
Article by
@G_Gyeomm
&
@pillarbear_
(Full Text)
(Summary of Text)
1. Potential of Polymarket as a Consumer Application
So far, on-chain applications have been viewed merely as alternative attempts to
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It was a real pleasure working with Nethermind on this report.
Learned a lot from their extensive knowledge and professionalism. Especially thanks to Joel!
Stakers, validator operators, and AVSs!
Nethermind Research, in collaboration with
@FourPillarsFP
, introduces a framework for evaluating security measures and
@Eigenlayer
restaking strategies in shared sequencers.
Inside the report:
🔵 Technical nuances of sequencers like
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Solana is expanding
Recently, lots of bridges and cross-chain dapps have been deployed in the Solana Ecosystem, and there is numerous ongoing research and development.
The 40+ page "In-Depth Report" will cover all these aspects!
Writing an in-depth report on Solana's bridging landscape with
@xparadigms
and it's almost ready to be published!
Our intent: 1) help Solana devs choose the right messaging protocol for building natively cross-chain applications — we dive into the design, security, and trust
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This is why I am excited about
@StoryProtocol
.
With their expertise in the web2 industry, they are not just general followers typically seen in crypto. They are building a new form of protocol with a vision that is bold and focused on the real-world problems.
@SmokeyTheBera
@terra_money
@anchor_protocol
Hello Smokey, my point is that the industry is not really focused on solving real problems but is over-allocating on solving small cyclic group of crypto-native use cases that are dying out, in both attention and utility. Nobody outside our circle cares. If we go to normies and
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found a really awesome podcast channel by
@lifiprotocol
. This channel covers recent trends and breakthroughs in cross-chain solutions space. Curious about the hosts' views on the future of cross-chain
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How does
@taikoxyz
achieve better decentralization for rollups? - BCR (Based Contestable Rollup) and BBR (Based Booster Rollup)
0
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.
@Neutron_org
is building the "Integrated Application Network" which is focused on building the best infrastructure for DeFi dapps. "Slinky" by
@SkipProtocol
is one of the core components for this purpose.
For Rollup builders, there are many interesting things to learn from
1/ You may have heard that
@SkipProtocol
's Slinky - the fastest oracle ever - is being deployed as part of Neutron’s validator binary.
But what does this mean for Neutron users and applications?
Simply put, better prices and less risk. But let’s unpack it in more depth ⤵️
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There is definitely something special about the "user experience" in
@initiaFDN
.
@ethereum
,
@Optimism
@arbitrum
,
@0xMantle
... users will be able to interact with initia as they would interact with other rollups in Ethereum, and there are many enshrined components that make
Initia: Redefining Blockchain UX with a Unified Approach (Xangle Research Report)
🧐Is excessive diversity hindering
#blockchain
UX & DX?
@initiaFDN
takes a page from history's playbook, prioritizing a standardized
#dev
environment for a seamless user experience.
👀Visit
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Some reports are not publicly available yet! Will be live in our website after KBW
🇰🇷 Pick up Four Pillars Report “Available Exclusively at KBW”
We will be distributing a total of 7 project reports at the KBW main booth and at various events.
⬇️ Check below to find out where you can pick up the reports!
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The narrative of DA Layer will be different later this year.
While DA Layer was initially seen as a cost-saving alternative for rollups, the projects building DA now have different value propositions.
@CelestiaOrg
focuses on more sovereign rollups,
@nufflelabs
on fast finality,
Avail DA Mainnet & the AVAIL token are now live!
Today marks the launch of Avail DA, the first modular data availability layer using validity proofs + data availability sampling. Now, build blockchains that truly scale with demand.
The AVAIL token powers the network—pay fees,
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Story of Story and Story of Jason Zhao
[E2] 25-Year-Old Entrepreneur Builds $2.25B Layer 1 Blockchain in Just Two Years
Before fully transitioning into the crypto space, Jason Zhao (
@jasonjzhao
) was the youngest Product Manager at
@GoogleDeepMind
. Now, at 25 years old, he is an entrepreneur and co-founder of
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Union (
@union_build
) has been announced as a new zk Cross-Chain solution for
@ethereum
.
A new project called
@union_build
has announced its testnet, which aims to connect its chain with the Ethereum Sapoli testnet.
Union produces zk proof of the state of its blockchain
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This will be great! I will be participating as a speaker.
DM me if you are in seoul for the BUIDL week!
Inviting you to Modular Harmony co-hosted by
@radius_xyz
,
@FourPillarsFP
,
@ChainLight_io
,
@DecipherGlobal
.
Modular Harmony ignites conversations how modular stacks can interlace to cultivate a more robust and innovative ecosystem.
🗓️Date: March 29
📍Location: Seoul, Korea
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.
@FourPillarsFP
- 1
pillars of an interwoven world:
👉 infrastructure that unlocks flexible, unique apps seamlessly connecting with every other chain.
👉 economic framework that aligns each and every one of us.
👉 product suite for interacting and navigating a new multichain world.
threaded as one
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zkSync(
@zksync
) has now released a homepage on the ZK-Stack and more details are yet to be released. With
@soohoio
and
@M3TA_Analytics
, I wrote a ~30 page Developer Report on the architecture and inner workings of zkSync Era, check that out!
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Ethereum is getting more fragmented, and better/scalable solution is needed.
@Polymer_Labs
is trying to solve this with interesting characteristics
1. By leveraging the ecosystem and codes of
@IBCProtocol
which has been a secure and effective standard
2. By having
@cosmos
SDK
: : Fragmented Ethereum, Connected by Polymer with IBC
Article by
@xparadigms
In 2023, the blockchain industry saw significant growth in infrastructure as rollups began providing their codebases for use as frameworks. This trend increased usage of interoperability solutions, with
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Humanity Protocol vs. Worldcoin
Source
Could Humanity Protocol emerge as a better alternative to
@worldcoin
?
At
@token2049
,
@Humanityprot
just unveiled a new device that creates an on-chain Identity with a simple palm scan.
Want to understand how it works? Check out the article below for a deep dive into its
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Also available in Korean (
@FourPillarsKR
) and soon in other languages as well. Crypto needs a new form of a crypto-native research media, only possible in crypto.
Thanks again to
@initiaFDN
(
@ItsAlwaysZonny
@0xJESSIE_
) for the review and feedback.
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.
@RiscZero
is really leading this sector with new primitives. Excited to see the adoption of
@boundless_xyz
Check out
@FourPillarsFP
research on "Supply Chain of zkRollup," to grasp where
@boundless_xyz
fits in.
Introducing Boundless: The Verifiable Compute Layer
Unlimited execution. Global composability. On-demand scaling.
For every developer. On any chain.
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"Is Modular Blockchain at Risk?"
Let's look into the possible "Security Risks of Modular Blockchains"
The full Article will be published soon!
Follow
@SiwonHuh
@ChainLight_io
@FourPillarsFP
for updates.
Dear security researchers, are you familiar with "modular blockchain" architecture?
I've been working on an article about the potential risks of modular blockchain architecture with
@xparadigms
of
@FourPillarsFP
. This is the thread with a brief summary of our research🧵
1/
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I will be participating in the
@zksync
Audit organized by
@code4rena
. Therefore, I am examining the architecture of zkSync Era in more detail.
The audit will cover several areas, including:
1. L1 and L2 system smart contracts
2. Circuits
3. VM implementation
Firstly, I
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Why has using
@coinbase
become worse recently? I can now transfer USDC only to Ethereum Mainnet? And all trades include a 1% fee and spreads?
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Totally Agree!
@SkipProtocol
really understands what "Appchain" Needs. - Rollups should pay attention to this.
It has been shipping great products in the Cosmos ecosystem. Some of the products are like below
1. BlockSDK 📦
A Framework that allows for customizable blockchain
There are only 2 reasons a sovereign chain or dapp doesn't have an absolutely effortless onboarding experience today:
1. Integrating Skip API hasn't been a priority
2. They don't know about Skip API
better onboarding = more liquidity = more pump
pls spread the good word
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🔥
Story x Four Pillars = 🔥🇰🇷🔥
The night in Seoul marking the start of August was truly amazing, as it hosted the first-ever meetup for builders organized by
@FourPillarsFP
and
@StoryProtocol
.
Despite being a brief, standalone event, it attracted 260+ registrations and welcomed
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Totally agree, we at
@FourPillarsFP
@FourPillarsKR
are trying to achieve this through high-quality research contents.
We are also trying to expand our reach and bring professionalism to this industry with more upcoming initiatives and new contents lines.
I think professional
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Interesting Analysis on Current State of Multi-Sig of Cross-Chain Solutions
Ultimately, interoperability solutions are multi-sig, it is unavoidable to have dependency on. However, having such dependencies for OFT projects can pose risks to protocols.
This was the reason why
Why is Everyone Quiet about the Cross-Chain Honey Pots?
$10B+ at risk?
This post will cover:
1. DVNs on
@LayerZero_Fndn
2. ISMs on
@hyperlane
3. OFTs & Warp Assets
4. Non-dormant addresses on
@ether_fi
and
@RenzoProtocol
multisigs
"Decentralised Verifier Network" aka DVNs
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Stablecoin Market Share by Currency
USD currently dominates by having 99.7% market share (according to
@RWA_xyz
).
The Euro is certainly increasing its market share, but an overlooked currency is the "Japanese Yen Stablecoin."
Check out some thoughts on this in
@FourPillarsFP
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Experiment in Execution Layer Continues ...
One of the recent notable experiments in the core blockchain infrastructure is the diversification of the “Execution Layer.”
As I previously wrote in the article “***: A New Narrative to EVM and zkEVM,” multiple VMs that support
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.
@intentessential
announced their L2 built for "Intents."
This is a project that I'm anticipating, both for research aspects and to build application/infra on top of it.
🪜Core Tech Stack of Essential
1. Programming Language: Pint, a new language that provides programmable
1/ Introducing Essential: The First Declarative Blockchain
By leveraging constraints to remove the need for execution, Essential enables developers to build scalable applications that optimize for the best user outcomes.
Read on below 🧵 👀
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As a researcher who has been in the Cosmos ecosystem, I love its developments, but I think the mission alignment and economic ties between ICF, Cosmos-SDK, and Cosmos Hub are not clear enough.
Leadership, missions and the economic structure need to be clarified.
A lot of Cosmos problems and internal drama being exposed this week on the CT TL which is ultimately healthy & productive for the community to move forward imo.
Brief reminder tho: If you look behind the curtain at most leading crypto protocols you will find the same issues,
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At
@FourPillarsFP
, we had a chat on how "DA" would evolve into the marketplace as there are lots of providers offering the DA service, with varying cost.
(i.e.
@AvailProject
,
@CelestiaOrg
,
@NEARProtocol
DA,
@ethereum
blob and calldata,
@eigen_da
...)
I thought a
1/ Blobs unlock unprecedented scaling for L2s, but have huge gas spikes and price volatility. They lack financialization like hedging and fractionalization.
I've just quit my job at Apple to build blobspace derivatives & contribute to the ETH ecosystem:
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I think Avail DA will change how rollups and developers view the DA Layer.
It will provide better connectivity and shared security features among the rollups, and Avail DA will be the fundamental base for these features.
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Understanding the Layered Restaking Landscape
Full Article by
@IngsParty
(
@FourPillarsFP
)
: : Restaking Stack: Categorizing the Restaking Ecosystem
Written by
@IngsParty
🧵 Restaking uses staked assets to secure other blockchains, improving liquidity, scalability, and offering extra rewards.
Let's find out how far this ecosystem has come through the Restaking Stack.
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Great talk by
@brapse
from
@meka_t3k
on “The Case for Intents” at
@Gateway_Conf
.
I believe intents present several advantages over conventional transactions.
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With multiple blockchains currently in existence, "Omnichain theory" is gaining traction as a way to abstract away the notion of "Which blockchain I am using".
Let's take a look at the current state of interoperability and ZetaChain, which has an infrastructure suitable to make
: : ZetaChain: Building The Omnichain Thesis
🧵
1. Interoperability Landscape
2. Zetachain: Enabling Omnichain
3. Omnichain Applications
4. Final Thoughts: Omnichain, Beneficial but at a Cost
Article by
@xparadigms
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Make Research Great (Again?)
As a research firm CEO, profits matter. But you know what really fires me up? The genuine appreciation for our works.
Sui folks never fail to amaze me. Every time we drop an article, thread, or report, my DMs light up with kind words. And it's not just the Sui Foundation or
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Our Research will be more focused on "The Next Narrative" and be more accessible.
Also we are preparing for a new service!
: : Sunset of Pro Subscription Service
To provide quality research articles to a broader audience, we decided to discontinue our pro subscription service with the launch of our new website in January.
We are deeply grateful for our pro subscribers, so we will process full
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One good thing about cosmos
: : [Opinion] Make Staking Better, Lessons From Cosmos
Written by
@xparadigms
Recently, there have been debates about "What is actually Economic Security?" and "Can Restaking really be meaningful in production?" These questions stem from finding ideal way to “Stake” an asset in
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"Sui ships faster than the academic publishing process these days!" -
@b1ackd0g
I think this is the real uniqueness of the crypto industry. The cycle of "raw academic idea -> research -> development -> attention -> narrative" occurs not perfectly sequentially, but
Sui Lutris will appear at ACM CCS '24 , one of top computer security conferences. You can check out a preprint here .
This paper describes the core elements of Sui (typed objects with native ownership, transactions that operate over
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Fragmentation of the blockchain can be a serious problem as the number of appchains increases.
Therefore, interoperability solutions like
@PolymerDAO
,
@cosmosibc
,
@LayerZero_Labs
,
@axelarcore
, and
@Hyperlane_xyz
will become increasingly important.
I will discuss the current
: : Join the 'xDapp Developer Day' hosted by
@PolymerDAO
on Friday, September 8, at
@hashed_official
Lounge, Seoul
Our researcher
@xparadigms
will be sharing insights in 'Exploring Bridge Solutions' with
@0xJim
from
@CatalystAMM
Registration Link↓
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