My paper on the unintended consequences of India's ban on sex-selective abortions has been published in the Journal of Population Economics. A short thread on our main results: +
My paper on why women opt out of STEM majors has been published by Oxford Economic Papers.
I had earlier blogged about this project on
@Ideas4India
and I'll just summarise the big takeaways here
+
I write in the
@HindustanTimes
today about my research on why women are less likely to study STEM. Preferences vary by gender, but so too do expectations: especially about grades.
🚨 Job Alert: We (at Chicago/Ashoka) are looking for a Delhi-based research associate to work on an exciting project on social networks, political participation and social media. Fluency in Hindi critical. Quant skills preferred. Please RT!
HIRING: We're looking to hire a motivated and competent RA with knowledge of QGIS and R/Stata. Please see the ad below and apply if you're interested.
@econ_ra
I'm hiring an RA for a one-year position to work with
@LoriBeaman
and
@karsha
on an exciting project in Delhi relating to women's employment in firms. Please apply or send to people who might be a good fit! See here for more details:
Our recent research on why women opt out of science and economics at university finds that strong gendered preferences as well as misperceptions about expected grades play an important role.
A multidisciplinary literature, mostly focused on US, shows that choice of college majors is gendered & females are under-represented in
#STEM
.
@asanishasharma
& Dasgupta
@AshokaUniv
analyse survey+admin data to investigate the issue in the Indian context
We're hiring! Come work with
@LoriBeaman
@livia_alfonsi
@karsha
& me on our Firms and Sexual Harassment Prevention project!
We are looking for an expert in spatial data analysis, fluent in GIS/Python/R.
Start asap. Project will be 1-3 months.
@econ_ra
Thanks! We find that well-meaning laws such as bans on sex selective abortions can often have unintended negative welfare consequences on surviving girls, as households reduce investments in their education, relative to boys. The link is here:
New research on whether legal restrictions on prenatal discrimination against females in India leads to a shift by parents towards postnatal discrimination
ftp://52.172.205.73/ash/wpaper/paper37.pdf
We do NOT make the case that the ban should be revoked -- female births do increase! But top-down policies that restrict behaviour without addressing underlying norms may only shift the margin of discrimination.
@IndiaSpend
has a nice piece on this. +
Thanks
@voxeu
for giving me the opportunity to write about some recent research. I talk about three papers where we document the adverse consequences of banning sex-selective abortions in India. +
Speaking today about two recent papers of mine about gender bias. I'll also talk about our plans at
@CedaAshoka
The event is hosted by an exciting new group that you can find out more about here:
We are delighted to announce our next external session! A research presentation with
@asanishasharma
, join us on 8th November, 6 pm IST to discuss her exciting work on gender,
@CedaAshoka
and an open QnA!
📝Register here:
A short blog on our study on the impact of a ban on prenatal sex selection on child health outcomes. We find: ban -> families with firstborn daughters having more children -> reduced parental spending and worse health outcomes for all children in such families. 1/3
Also, anecdotally I've heard that students, especially those studying economics for the first time, are much more excited by the CORE curriculum than by Mankiw.
If anyone else feels this way, CORE's textbook is open access, always free for students. For teachers we have slides, lecture guides etc to help you switch. In our text women are researchers, entrepreneurs and Nobel prizewinners.
Follow
@CedaAshoka
for data-driven analysis of socioeconomic questions. The website has just gone live with a number of blogs which we think will be of interest to anyone working on or in India.
Data, research, and analysis: We are Centre for Economic Data and Analysis
Set up at Ashoka University, CEDA aims to contribute to the debate on social and economic developments in India.
Follow for more
Insta:
@ceda
.ashoka
FB:
Just had a great conversation about the use of data in public discourse. Thanks to
@themediarumble
and
@newslaundry
for organising the event. I talk about our most recent initiative at
@AshokaUniv
, the Centre for Economic Data and Analysis.
@CedaAshoka
Early phone survey results from
@IDinsight
emphasise the importance of *pre-planned* and *pre-announced* policy measures to respond to Covid-19 lockdowns. Only 48% of households had heard of GoI's relief package after 1 week, and only 4% had seen any cash/in-kind benefits.
After the start of India’s
#lockdown
, our response team leveraged
#dataondemand
to conduct a rapid survey with 300 respondents from four districts in North India. Read our preliminary findings on the economic impact & health knowledge amidst
#covid19
:
🚨📢 Launching soon! 'Women & Work', our newsletter tracking all the important news, research, data and policy updates about women and work in India (and beyond)!
Sign up now to get the first edition in your inbox! And help us spread the word!
We find that the ban on disclosing the sex of the foetus was effective in increasing female births. But while it reduced *prenatal* discrimination against females, it led to an increase in *postnatal* discrimination against unwanted daughters. +
The Department of Economics,
@AshokaUniv
will host its 4th Annual Economics Conference virtually from December 4-6, 2020. This conference aims to bring together top notch researchers working in different fields of economics.
For more info -
We find reduced investments in the schooling of girls relative to boys, leading to lower rates of primary and secondary school graduation and entering university. This is especially true in poor households that found it harder to evade the ban by getting illegal ultrasounds. +
📢 We're hiring!! Come work with
@LoriBeaman
@asanishasharma
,
@karsha
& me on our Firms and Sexual Harassment Prevention project!
1️⃣YR pre-doc position based in Delhi 🇮🇳
⏱️Start asap, deadline June 6th
Given recent events in the US, the Journal of Population Economics has organised a two-day workshop on the impact of restrictions on abortions. I'll be presenting my research on the consequences of an abortion ban in India today. Register here to attend:
Talk to the authors: Research for the Abortion Debate in the Journal of Population Economics. Register for the online workshops on May 31 & June 1.
Tuesday May 31; 4-5 pm CEST Chair: Michaella Vanore (UNU-MERIT & Maastricht Univer…
Evidence that gender gaps in math skills develop early in India - and it’s worse than we thought since gaps open up in both assessed and unassessed skills.
In the hellscape that is social media, fact checkers like
@AltNews
and
@zoo_bear
provide an invaluable service in addressing misinformation from all political sides and in speaking truth to power.
Nice graphs of recent PLFS data on reasons women drop out of the workforce. Some important questions here: 1) Women all over the world (including in Scandinavia!) do more housework than men, but this gap is widest in South Asia. Why and how do we shift this norm? +
Women's low labour force participation in India can now be directly linked to their burden of household work.
@htTweets
story today with
@Roshanjnu
:
(1/n)
Researchers and surveyors, I need your help! Any leads on a good call centre that is able to make large volumes of short survey calls in Hindi? Can be based anywhere in India. Thanks!
#EconTwitter
We are in it for the long haul. Given the scenes of misery of the last few days, we simply have to be better prepared for the next round of lockdowns, should they be imminent. Some colleagues and I had some thoughts on the matter. Part 1:
In a companion paper (with Aparajita Dasgupta), I also consider the impacts of the same ban on health outcomes, and find similar increases in the gender gap in child mortality, health investments and health outcomes. I will tweet about these soon. +
A timely study for those of us in the subcontinent showing huge, huge productivity gains to improving air quality. Of course structural solutions to reduce pollution are ideal, but while we sit in political deadlock in the meantime, improving air filtration systems is vital.
New
#RCT
evidence showing air quality improvements (~37%) from air purifiers in textile factories in Dhaka improve worker productivity by 27%. 24-hour average indoor air pollution levels in our factories are ~70mg/m3.
This is the start of a detailed series of reports on the specific processes through which institutional and political failures can entirely subvert the potential of technology to reduce corruption. On the bright side, great to see this kind of on-the-ground reporting.
For a month Indian Express investigated the pre-matric scholarship scheme in Jharkhand meant to raise the demand of school education, reduce the financial burden of the household, thereby empowering the minority community.What came out is a scam. Part 1
I wrote the paper on educational outcomes with Garima Rastogi, my former student, and I must say it is an especial pleasure to collaborate with one's undergraduate students! I highly recommend it.
The Economics Department of
@AshokaUniv
, in collaboration with
@INETeconomics
launches the Hikmat (wisdom) lecture series. The first lecture will be delivered by Nobel laureate, Oliver Hart. Please attend and circulate to whoever interested.
I will be presenting this paper at
#NEUDC2020
today (well, the wee hours of tomorrow in India!) in a 2.50 pm EST session on education. The full schedule for the development economics conference can be found here:
A multidisciplinary literature, mostly focused on US, shows that choice of college majors is gendered & females are under-represented in
#STEM
.
@asanishasharma
& Dasgupta
@AshokaUniv
analyse survey+admin data to investigate the issue in the Indian context
Join us at this
@JPAL_SA
conference to learn more about fascinating work by
@clem_imbert
on skilling and jobs as well as hear about other research on inclusive labour markets in India.
This Wednesday we are organising a conference on labor markets and migration:
Towards an Inclusive Job Market in India: Unpacking Opportunities and Challenges.
When? June 15, 2022, from 11am to 5pm IST.
Where? Utsav Hall, Jaypee Vasant Continental Hotel, Vasant Vihar, New Delhi
We *must* expand and guarantee social transfers for people during this and any other future lockdown. We recommend a combination of cash+in-kind transfers and we strongly urge govt to commit to these in advance of lockdown announcements.
What courses men and women "enjoy" is, of course, socially constructed. While these norms will take a lot of work to shift, correcting info about grades/pay could be an easier path to increasing female enrolment in the short run. +
Incidentally,
@thewire_in
carried these pieces, despite today facing yet another FIR trying to prevent them from their fearless reporting. As our PM frequently says, this country *needs* an independent media, that is free from legal harassment.
Today is ’s birthday. After some years of preparation it was six years ago today that I launched the site.
I love working on
@OurWorldInData
every day and am grateful to everyone who made this work possible. Thank you.
Soon we won't be able to use nightlights as a proxy for economic growth.
Why?
It's due to limitations of its spectral bands.
Here's the breakdown in simple terms:
But we find that women's beliefs about their likely outcomes after graduating STEM/Econ play a more important role: they (mistakenly) expect lower grades than men, and they overestimate the size of the earnings gap. +
Neat piece by our students at
@AshokaUniv
sets up the framework to see whether and when the lifting of movement restrictions will lead to a normalisation of behaviour. Right now, workplace activity is rising but retail/recreation is unmoved. Watch this space in the coming weeks.
@fahadmh
& I track how public mobility changes across the different phases of lockdown. We find that mobility falls sharply after the first lockdown announcement but has not recovered after subsequent ease of restrictions.
via
@firstpost
My paper on why women opt out of STEM majors has been published by Oxford Economic Papers.
I had earlier blogged about this project on
@Ideas4India
and I'll just summarise the big takeaways here
+
While the immediate attention on the corona fallout has, rightly, been focused on MSMEs, all is not well with India Inc. In particular, for the most leveraged firms, there are few good options available for financing Prof Subrahmanyam and I write for BT.
Finally, PM
@narendramodi
has formally accepted that India's economic growth had slowed down. But he is economising on the truth and misleading the country when he suggests that our growth momentum was lost due to
#Covid
. It was already lost. Thread👇
I’d love to read a story on
@VFSGlobal
Seems to me the only reason they can manage to exist with such dreadful service is their monopoly over visa processing services. Would love to read a story on how that monopoly came to be.
I’ve tweeted this in the past, but it’s a good time to do it again. If there are any former / current VFS employees out there and want to talk to me — DM me! A story is long overdue.
(Frustrated Indians + others: RT to spread this tweet pls, so I reach a whistleblower or two.)
@ravinder_IITD
and I would love to have you fill out a short survey about changes in household division of labor during the stay-at-home period. It will take about 10 mins. of your time. Please retweet if you can.
We find women are less likely to study STEM/Econ because of different preferences for attributes of majors and jobs: they are willing to pay twice as much as men to study a course they "enjoy" and to get higher grades, which all students perceive is harder to get with STEM/Econ +
Very neat research tracking how the views of college students evolve over the course of their degree. Given the recent polarisation in India over the role of universities in pushing agendas, would be great to see similar work from here as well.
3) The childcare and housework burden peaks at a certain age but re-entering the workforce can be challenging for women, particularly in skilled jobs. What can be done to ease re-entry and get women back into work after a long spell of not working?
@cblatts
We’re doing phone surveys to recruit people to WhatsApp groups and overwhelmingly recruiting men. More men have phones, and conditional on having a phone, men more likely to opt into the group. I suspect if there’s a family phone, men more likely to monopolise its use.
1/ A summary of the
@CASIPenn
Ag Markets research w/ Mehkala Krishnamurthy, Devesh Kapur &
@the_orientieer
Conducted in 2018-19 in 7 districts of Bihar, Odisha & Punjab.
Ethnographic research and quant surveys of farmers, intermediaries & other actors in the supply chain
I think a lot about the stress my students face. Millennials like me faced exam pressure too but either I’ve forgotten how bad it was or the anxiety really does seem worse now. The big diff is social media and it’s very tempting to focus on that as a catch-all explainer...
Very striking results from the top panel here. The earnings and work trajectories of new mothers and fathers are identical, irrespective of who earned more money to begin with.
Killer chart from "women and men at work" paper at today's
@TheIFS
inequality conference: no evidence that couples choose to maximise hh earnings once children born. Rather they "choose" to max the man's earnings...
#changegendernorms
As India enters into extended lockdown and we continue to obsess about what policies the government should implement, this is a great overview of how other developing countries have been responding to covid.
2) More immediately, what kind of jobs will allow more women to juggle household responsibilities with work? Will remote work and flexible hours have any impact? What about creating jobs closer to where women live? +
Thanks for the shout-out! Looks like a lot of Indian institutions, researchers and students benefited from your sabbatical,
@sandipz
Hope we can host you again soon!
A week later I was at
@AshokaUniv
, in the “Rajiv Gandhi Education City” outside Delhi. This felt like a US liberal arts college, with lots of undergrads milling about, but they also have an excellent MA program, and a large econ group with many junior faculty 1/n
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Great work by the team at IDinsight in getting a survey on the ground so quickly, especially during a lockdown. Look forward to reading about the next round of results.
Applications for the MA Economics at Ashoka University are now open!
The MA Economics Programme boasts of cutting-edge research and renowned international faculty. It focuses on solid training to lay the foundations of Economics, and allows students to explore different
Of course, this adversely affects girls since they are more likely to be born into larger families. But boys in these larger families are hurt too! Mortality is higher, driven by lower health investments among firstborn female families. 2/3
3 out of 4 had heard of and (claimed) were implementing social distancing. Speaks to the wide reach of the PM's TV addresses, and makes a case for a) more of them, and b) more content related to entitlements, relief measures, and planning for lockdown extensions.
My new NBER working paper -- an overview on micro-entrepreneurship in developing countries. How joining the formal sector, access to credit, and other interventions affect small firms + a discussion of gender gaps. Ungated copy:
Great discussion with Upasana, Shaheed and Rahul on financial inclusion, digital payments and whether the cashless society is here (short ans: no) .
#bbc
#WorkLifeIndia
we've released experimental evidence on the impacts of Aadhaar. we find it did reduce leakage, but at the cost of some exclusion and pain to genuine beneficiaries. w/
@karthik_econ
and
@sandipz
Do you want to help build a world class centre in one of the top economics department in the country? Do you care about impact, research, partnerships and institution building?
We are looking for the first full-time Director to lead
@CedaAshoka
Explicit and clear suggestions on how to finance increased govt spending in response to
@covid
. Tl;dr - the money for substantially higher social transfers can be found.
Piece in
@bsindia
by Devesh Kapur and me on menu of financing options should Indian government spend about 5% of GDP to respond to COVID-induced economic crisis:. Ungated version:
आनंद विहार बस अड्डे से बड़ी संख्या में मजदूर तपके के लोग पैदल जा रहे हैं,दिल्ली से वापस अपने घर जाना चाहते हैं,लेकिन जाने का कोई साधन नहीं,न जेब में पैसा है ,एक लड़का काफी रो रहा है कह रहा है पुलिस मारने के लिए दौड़ती है,हम कहाँ जाएं
#lockdownindia
#Corinnavirus
Finally, here’s a quick shout out to my coauthors who know better than to waste time on Twitter: Aparajita Dasgupta and Garima Rastogi. Many thanks also to
@iea_we
@_ADeshpande
@NavikaMehta
for featuring our work.
I will be talking about my research on how women’s skilling and educational choices disadvantages them in the labour market, and I’ll also discuss our work at
@CedaAshoka
on easing some firm-side barriers to hiring women.
Catching Cheating Students by Ming‐Jen Lin and Steven D. Levitt
"When seating locations are randomly assigned, and monitoring is increased, cheating virtually disappears."
So what’s the way forward? Govt must take seriously the task of shifting sticky social norms around son preference. We show some evidence that gives us cautious optimism that mass media campaigns can change minds, if only slowly.
This is true and something to be thankful for. A less desirable side effect is that the national media wont take notice of devastating climate disasters unless accompanied with headline-worthy death tolls. The damage and destruction is *still* appalling even after saving lives!
While Cyclone Amphan has been devastating, only a dozen lives have been lost; 30 years ago the toll would've been much higher. Disaster management at national & state levels, and agencies like NDRF, have done remarkably. Gradually, determinedly India's HADR capacities have grown
While the ban does increase births of girls, it hurts their education and early life health outcomes. It leads to higher fertility and even hurts boys born into larger families! +
I was amazed so many people (well, men) fell for this little joke. I wonder if it was the “finding” that bothered them, or are that many economists/social scientists on Twitter super primed to pick holes in anything academic...even if it’s all one big obvious hole?
📢 Apply now! The Research for Impact Fellowship is a unique opportunity for Indian PhD researchers to gain a deeper understanding of impact evaluations to generate policy relevant evidence.
Learn more:
@CLEARSouthAsia
Results from a phone survey by
@ncaer
show that, contrary to popular belief, rural households are as likely as urban households to report a decline in income (85%), and face a supply shortage (33%).
Result from Delhi NCR Coronavirus Telephone Survey (DCVTS) show both tremendous support for lockdown (88%) as well as income drops (84% households) and supply shortages (29% households)
@ncaer
@Santanu_NDIC
Instead, the govt could take minority stakes in companies, and receive "dividends" in return through higher taxes, to be paid only when the firms become profitable again. By making repayment conditional on profitability, equity financing is sustainable in the long run.
#EconTwitter
We are excited to bring you Seminar in Applied Microeconomics - Virtual Assembly and Discussion. SAMVAAD is an online platform for scholars in India to present their research. Sign up today! Details:
cc
@sabya_economist
This complements our findings on the unintended costs of a top-down regulatory approach to tackling gender discrimination. Without changing underlying social norms, this can just lead to a displacement of discrimination from one margin to another.
My paper on the unintended consequences of India's ban on sex-selective abortions has been published in the Journal of Population Economics. A short thread on our main results: +