Clifford Stott
@cliffordstott
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Visiting Prof Ohio State University. Crowds, Riots, 'Hooliganism', Policing. Liverpool FC. Family lives with HD. Tweets in personal capacity
Merseyside. UK.
Joined June 2010
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Now IPCC report is published I am free to utilise its data as well as our own to underpin our scientific analysis of the evolution of the 2019 protest movement in Hong Kong. Hard at work over this weekend developing our report which we hope to publish on or before 9th June 2020.
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It would seem the release of the IPCC report is part of a wider set of coordinated announcements designed to deliver the new 'truth'.
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My statement in full on the Hong Kong Police Force actions relating to Yuen Long is as follows.
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Speechless!
Lam has said the gov't is looking at how to prevent "lies" from spreading online after protester "propaganda" posters stoked hatred against the police force last year.
She said the professionalism of the force was "beyond doubt."
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On the issue of disproportionate use of force.
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International Experts Panel for Hong Kong Independent Police Complaints Council study into the disturbances concludes a need to substantially enhance IPCC capacity, which if addressed may allow their Thematic Study to provide a compelling case for next steps.
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Hong Kong pro-democracy lawmakers arrested over 2019 Yuen Long protests
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A continuing pattern of disproportionate policing by the HKPF at practically every protest since June 12th 2019 - the only exception being June 16th when approximately one quarter of the HK population peacefully protested in support of the five demands.
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Hong Kong is a place where school children holding hands is a crime to be policed....
#Hongkong
highschoolers chose the most peaceful way to oppose
#NationalSecurityLaw
by forming human chains, but
#hkpolice
was heavily deployed to disperse them. No matter what form of protest you use,
#Beijing
is now killing all dissident voices in
#HK
.
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I understand when 'radicals' invaded LegCo in July they took food from the canteen, but symbolically left money to 'pay' for the food they had consumed. None of this evidence sits comfortably with the idea of a formless, chaotic & mindless 'riot' whipped up by 'agitators'.
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Police use of force against crowds when seen as illegitimate and indiscriminate by those within & beyond them has the effect of drawing more people into protest and of escalating conflict. Identity & inter-group dynamics in context
[JUST IN] White collars gather on streets in Central at lunch hour again. Aside from the usual slogans, they are chanting a new one today, “Support Chinese University, Never surrender” — support to those who are still resisting intrusion of HKPF at campuses.
#HKprotests
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New exam question for Liberal Studies students in Hong Kong. What is totalitarianism? Discuss with reference to recent events.
@mtpurbrick
@cliffordstott
A nightmare to all the students back to school at the first day after the Wuhan Virus. 😡
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Hong Kong protests: police used disproportionate force and made poor decisions, says British expert who resigned from IPCC review | South China Morning Post
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Hong Kong protester 'Grandma Wong’: I was held in mainland China for 14 months
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Horrific
Watch how the Hong Kong police treated this frightened girl who was only walking on a shopping street.
#FreeHongKong
#StandWithHongKong
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Hong Kong facing 'Tiananmen Square' moment - as plea is made for UN intervention | World | News |
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Interesting data from Hong Kong showing how sections of the local community see their relationships to both police and protestors.
Let's say you take the wrong turn and find yourself in the middle of a street confrontation, would you be afraid of the police/protesters? Police: 59%, Protesters: 29%.
#StandWithHongKong
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The argument that ‘rioters hijacked march’ & use of this as justification is classic use of ‘mad mob’ or agitator theory. HKPF know this perspective on crowds is flawed but yet they deploy it as justification for yesterday’s tactics
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Our paper "Patterns of ‘Disorder’ During the 2019 Protests in Hong Kong: Policing, Social Identity, Intergroup Dynamics, and Radicalization" is now published. Commentary articles and our reply to those commentaries to follow soon.
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On this anniversary the question is how did the protests escalate to this extent and what role did policing play in the process that culminated in
#PolyU
. Read our analysis here
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One of the senior police commanders underpinning the aggressive and violent policing of the protests in Hong Kong, now accused of major corruption. How widespread is this in the HKPF?
Bad week for Hong Kong's premier white boy cop Rupert Dover. 壹週刊/Next Mag's revealed he runs a business on the side, built an illegal structure on govt land he shouldn't even be living on, *AND* rented it out on Airbnb. He took refuge from reporters in a public toilet. Thread:
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For clarity. My report on the protests in Hong Kong is an academic study NOT an 'alternative' to the IPCC Report. As the title indicates it will provide an empirical & theoretical analysis of the evolving social psychological dynamics of the protest movement from June to August.
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The problem is the public order ordinance allows police to define a situation as ‘riot’ which renders everyone physically present as acting illegally thus enabling mass arrests. I think this is in objective tension with the Basic Law, which protects freedoms of peaceful assembly.
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Never a clearer signal of the culture of impunity pervasive within HKPF. Forget restraint, the wearing of ID and 'of the public', the 'Art of War' is now the flavour of the day.
風林山火 “Swift as winds, slow as forests, firm as mountains, invade as fire” patch on riot police helmet. This is originally from Sun Tzu and was also adopted by an ancient Japanese warlord.
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An utterly horrific situation in Hong Kong today as police try to bring ‘security’ to the streets of a 21st century global city. For who and at what cost?
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It’s not just about what police do but the fact that they are left to do so with impunity that is the issue. These outcomes alone demonstrate there is no meaningful form of police accountability in Hong Kong.
Since last June, there were 1,844 complaints of
#HongKong
police, which included
#PoliceBrutality
and misconduct, only 2 cases sustained and it’s abt 2 cops swearing to the complainants, the authority said, the officers been reprimand.
Yea, that’s it.
@icablenews
#逾千投訴僅2成立
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UK report slams 'police violence' against medics in Hong Kong - RTHK
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“They arranged themselves in groups of eight in order not to breach the government’s social distancing rules.”
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When elections become a crime...
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Interesting deployment of 'expert testimony' to underpin a section deploying a distorted form of 'deindividuation theory' as conceptual underpinning of IPCC Study. At no point have I yet found reference to contemporary scientific evidence on the dynamics of crowds.
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1. It seems evident that the authorities in Hong Kong, including the HKPF, are aligning to produce a coordinated attack on the pro-democracy movement.
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Hong Kong activist Joshua Wong faces jail after guilty plea over police HQ protests
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4. Indeed, as crowd psychologists we have often seen the ways in which this form of crowd theory is used by political actors to deny the legitimate basis for protest, mask the role of state in the construction of crowd violence and to legitimise reactionary forms of policing.
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3. The strategy involves a portrayal of these mobs being manipulated by criminal agitators, many of whom they argue are funded and influenced by antithetical external forces. On the basis of the evidence I have seen I would suggest that nothing could be further from the truth.
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2. We should perhaps not be surprised then, that this will revolve around a writing of their own history of 2019 in a manner that is in line with their ideological position of portraying the protest crowds as irrational mobs.
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On methodology: "3.17 The Report is based on information available to the IPCC up to 29 February 2020. This information was collected on a voluntary basis. The IPCC has no investigatory powers to compel the disclosure of information."
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A year ago Hong Kongers sought to retain the momentum of anti-ELAB protest by gathering in Admiralty to sing hymns. The Public Order Ordinance makes unapproved assembly illegal except when these are for religious purposes. Creative adaptation & agency...
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Nearly 100 children arrested over national anthem and security law protests via
@scmpnews
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‘The anger is still there’: Hong Kong defiant a year on from first protests
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The day participation in the democratic process became a crime.
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1. The events on the pitch at Birmingham City this weekend have led to very high-profile discussion on football related disorder. This has gone so far to ask, "what's next a knife"?
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When thinking becomes a crime. What exactly is "undermining unification"? HKSAR is already unified under 'two systems', all that was in question was the nature of that unification & level of autonomy allowed. 'Independence' calls amplified because of the law being used to repress
Three females were arrested respectively for showing materials with
#HKIndependence
slogans in
#CausewayBay
, violating
#NSL
. Anyone who organises, plans, commits or participates in committing secession or undermining national unification shall be guilty of an offence.
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IPCC reproduces narrative that public view of police illegitimacy that grew from incidents on 21st July were based on misunderstanding.
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With no sense of irony! Isn’t it incredible that the flag is still held up in some ludicrous attempt to legitimise the wording it displays and the police actions it subsequently unleashes.
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Wow! HK courts rule against HKPF and IPCC
[Breaking] HK court rules in favour of
@HKJA_Official
to find that gov's failure to maintain an independent complaint system against the police, and police officers' failure to wear their ID number during last year's anti-gov protests in breach of the city's Bill of Rights
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Chris Patten: China's security laws a betrayal of Hong Kong people
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First they came for protesters, then they came for academics, next they came for...
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On Yuen Long "10.135 By missing the golden opportunities to explain its action at an early stage of the incident on 21 July in Yuen Long, the Police has become the central target in a campaign of resentment."
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Employers not providing safe environments for their workers are perhaps a better focus of Government attention that those sitting at distance for a short period while out in public during their daily exercise allowance.
As it is confirmed that 10 transport workers in London have died, the
@ArrivaGroup
has been sending out these notices to drivers threatening drivers with formal action if they protect themselves. Can everyone ask Arriva why they would risk the lives of their drivers? Retweet.
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In the wake of the news about the proposed new security law for Hong Kong I will be in conversation later today on Facebook Live with politician and student activist Nathan Law. Why not ‘Turn on, tune in & drop out’.
[ Live Alert ]
It is my honor to be joined by Professor Clifford Stott, a former member of the International Expert Panel of the IPCC, for a conversation on the IPCC report and his own study on the Hong Kong protests, to be published in the near future.
Stay tuned.
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As usual a superbly detailed timeline of today’s events from Xinqi Su 👇
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Raising the flag of Life imprisonment?
Police equipped with a new purple flag on the first day
#NationalSecurityLaw
is in effect
"Police now issue a warning. You have just produced material/yelled chants/other activities that may have breached "HKNSL", you may be prosecuted."
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Because denial of the right to protest is often the best way to create it.
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This is of course further important evidence but as we argue in our forthcoming paper it doesn't change the underlying issue. As this makes clear there is ample evidence the police were in a position to assess the growing threat in Yuen Long on the 21st.
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Exposes some of the basic design flaws in the areas surrounding LegCo that contributed to events on the 12th June. Clearly the architects never anticipated that protest would be a feature of how they needed to construct the building.
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Very excited to receive final proofs for our forthcoming paper on the policing and dynamics of the 2019 protests in Hong Kong. Hopefully to be published across the next few weeks with commentaries from
@ERMaguire
@mtpurbrick
and
@TimNewburn
among others.
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How democracy dies.
#Breaking
#HongKong
: Officers of police's national security dept are now searching
@HKJA_Official
chairman Ronson Chan's home on the grounds of 'conspiracy to publish sedicious publications'. Searches are also being conducted at some of his colleagues from
@StandNewsHK
- sources.
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6. Let's be clear. Football pundits may be 'experts' on football. They are not experts on criminal justice, policing & crowd management. Collective punishment is no solution & incidents this weekend have no bearing on knife crime nor on the wider issues of collective disorder.
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The frightening prophecy of what lies ahead for pro-democracy activists in Hong Kong.
Hong Kong pro-democracy activist Joshua Wong said he expects to be a 'prime target' of China’s proposed national security law that critics say will undermine the city's freedoms and liberties
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Denied the opportunity to stand for election because you disagree with existing legislation. That is not democracy, it’s a sham.
[I was just disqualified from LegCo election, despite being the biggest winner in
#Hkprimaries
]
1. Few minutes ago, I was just disqualified from running in the upcoming LegCo election in
#Hongkong
, even though I got the highest vote share in the primary, w/ 30000+ votes obtained
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什麼人訪問什麼人：「仍然是一隊警隊的問題嗎？」——專訪監警會前國際專家組成員Professor Clifford Stott - 20200628 - 副刊 - 每日明報 - 明報新聞網
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Some of the most serious disorder I’ve ever witnessed in a UEFA competition context tonight. Legia Warsaw have serious issues to confront and I can’t see how UEFA cannot act.
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14.17 The record system of SULHC on 11 August were all manually operated, unlike computerised systems in THAs in other police stations. The manual system proved inadequate for the occasion, as certain information including the data in relation to medical requests was incomplete."
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Image captures complexity of protest in HK & why FORMOB reliant on doctrine of distance & use of force is flawed. Mixed & complex crowds. Repression will not solve but merely disperse, radicalise and entrench conflict. Complex challenges require sophisticated solutions.
This is the key Pedder St intersection in Central as at 5pm Wednesday.
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I'm just a soul whose intentions are good, Oh Lord, please don't let me be misunderstood....
Hong Kong chief secretary decries criticisms of the police watchdog report, which itself decried criticisms of the police force as "political weapons." It's truly a house of mirrors.
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As we argue in our forthcoming paper, police in Hong Kong see ignorance among the masses as basis for conflict. Here they argue this is amplified by media perpetuating 'fake news' and that their new 'livestream' PR will help "eliminate citizens' misunderstandings of the police."
The latest issue of the Hong Kong police's magazine is titled, "Police confronting the media: difficulties & challenges." Foreword says a "flood" of "self-proclaimed journos" unleashed a deluge of info blurring real & fake in a "post-truth era."
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Hong Kong breached bill of rights over police scrutiny, court rules | World news | The Guardian
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The HK IPCC finally releases its report of it detailed thematic study of several important events within the 2019 sequence of protests in the SAR
The Independent Police Complaints Council releases a report on its study into how the Hong Kong Police Force's handling of the months long
#HongKongProtests
today. IPCC received a total of 1755 complaints from June 2019 to 8 May 2020.
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When global truths become security crimes.....
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Raising the blue flag in Hong Kong. An act that represents how arbitrary the police definition of unlawful assembly can be.
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My paper is based on a presentation accepted for the American Criminological Society Meeting in Washington that was cancelled due to COVID-19. We will be providing an online presentation of our planned ASC session on 15th June by invitation.
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Hong Kong police watchdog does not have powers and resources to cope with scale of protests, say Independent Police Complaints Council’s expert advisers | South China Morning Post
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Of course our academic analysis will have relevance to debates in Hong Kong, but it is in report form and should not be seen as a fully comprehensive or peer reviewed account of what did or did not happen behaviourally during the protest themselves.
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Never hopeless, and now a voice on the world stage. The security law shifts the agenda to one of international relations. What future for totalitarian regimes on the global stage perhaps now the fundamental question?
Nathan:
The future looks like very grim or bleak.
But I think the situation is always very dynamic. Beijing is always suffering from numerous pressure, no matter domestically or internationally.
I don't feel like we are entirely hopeless now.
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What isn’t being reported is Legia Warsaw failed to distribute any tickets to their fans gathered at the stadium, despite being in possession of them. My view is Legia Warsaw has serious question to answer about its causal role in what happened last night.
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Hong Kong: protesters lift highway blockade on proviso elections proceed
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'It is much worse': veterans of Hong Kong's 2003 protests fear new law
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What a result! Thank you to everyone that has supported me and the work I do across the decades. Humbled & proud 🙏🥂
Congratulations to Keele's Professor
@CliffordStott
, who has been awarded an MBE in the Queen’s Birthday Honours list 👏
Professor Stott receives the award for his services to crowd psychology and the Covid-19 response.
Read more ➡️
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For those enquiring about it. I mentioned in my interview with
@nathanlawkc
I will not be releasing a report on the events in Hong Kong for June 9th. Instead article will be submitted to academic peer review journal 'Policing'. We hope the article will be published by mid July.
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In the context of an emerging crisis that was threatening lives, the capacity of Liverpool fans to be a psychological crowd & work together to protect each other was the route to resilience & avoiding catastrophe.
UEFA bears "primary responsibility" for the chaotic scenes that "almost led to disaster" before last year's Champions League final.
Professor Clifford Stott was part of a panel that looked into events before the match between Liverpool and Real Madrid
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Another great example of facilitation oriented crowd policing creating shared perceptions of police legitimacy and positive intergroup relationships.
3 hours after curfew, Inspector Nikas of
@NYPDnews
offers to walk with the last few hardcore Manhattan marchers.
Check out what happened next.
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Our goal is to advance debates about the role of social identity & intergroup dynamics in the spread of protest related violence. Our analysis will relate to our work on theoretical analysis of the spread & changing forms of the English 2011 riots - e.g.
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Tifo set out ready for the fixture in the rail seating area. Safe standing area looks far safer than regular seats as it prevents any forward migration
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A manifestation of totalitarian governance is the criminalisation of dissent.
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Tactic of ‘mass arrest’ attempting to contain ‘minority’ are not unusual. Copenhagen police arrested over 1000 & held in freezing temp for hours. They had pre-prepared a large holding centre. Danish courts subsequently found approach illegal
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Report rejected because, "in a 22-page paper published last November, Stott suggested Hong Kong police officers could have been directly responsible for escalated violence and the radicalisation of protesters"?
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OHCHR | UN experts call for decisive measures to protect fundamental freedoms in China "The national security law would introduce poorly defined crimes that would easily be subject to abuse and repression".
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Really important issue in this thread. The focus is overwhelmingly upon police action during protests in HK. While centrally important what is equally if not more important is what HKPF did in relation to arrested protesters. This is just one account👇
What to expect if you are arrested at a protest in HK? Read this fascinating detailed account of one arrestee’s experience from Australian university student Kai Clarke:
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@LawMic1997
@dktatlow
It is in press with a journal and I hope will be published soon. Im afraid I don't know when this will be at this time.
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7. While not a “return to the dark days” of hooliganism events at BCFC & elsewhere have, it would appear, provoked a return to outdated ill-informed rhetoric on the proposed road to a ‘solution’ of the long-standing problems of football related 'disorder'. Let's move on.
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Interesting that Chinese state media issued an editorial accusing opposition forces in Hong Kong and abroad of “brainwashing students”. Again, we see discourses of irrationality from powerful groups that portray the conflict as ‘mindless’ mob violence.
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4. Why then is it assumed that further punishment on others not involved in or responsible for the offence is needed? Why is it assumed a ‘crackdown’ is necessary? Why are there calls for matches to be played behind closed doors?Why must something 'more' be done?
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It was a fantastic atmosphere inside Celtic Park today. A real cauldron of chanting & bouncing throughout. This one familiar to many.
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EU demands release of Chinese human rights lawyer jailed for four years for “inciting subversion of state power”.
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It is important to recognise some key issues. When it comes to the study of crowd events there is little in the way of 'truth'. Rather our work will focus on the theoretical interpretation of data, much of which includes that provided within the IPCC report.
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My response to a request to be on tomorrow’s Julia Hartley Brewer show. Made the mistake of saying yes previously when I didn’t realise whose show it was. You have to draw a line sometimes...
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