History of Croats
@HCroats
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Medieval and Early Modern History of Croats & Croatia
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When the poet of Hvar island Petar Hektorović (1487-1572) had been ill, a friend from Dubrovnik N. Nalješković (1500-1587) wrote to him: "nemoj svi Hrvati da na te plaču".
Nalješković's "Hrvati" or "narod Hrvata" needs to be understood in a broader ethno-cultural sense,
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#Onthisday
in 1564 Renaissance poet & scientist of Dubrovnik Nikola Nalješković (1500-1587) sends an epistle to a nobleman from Korčula Ivan Vidali praising him for his (most liklely literary) work: „Tim narod Hrvata vapije i viče da s'kruna od zlata, kojom se svi diče“
1/5⏬
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These are the type of western Christians who regarded the 90's Serb forces - killing thousands of Christians (Catholic Croats and Albanians) and destroying their churches - as some kind of "knights of Christ". Deus Vult my ass!
The Christian men of the west MUST stand by our Serbian brothers this time and thousands WILL!
Deus Vult.
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🧵On Saturday Croatia celebrates its Day of Victory, & peace brought to the country by the 1995 military operation "Oluja" (Storm). The War of aggression on 🇭🇷 was launched by Serbian military-political leadership in the early 1990s.
Current 🇷🇸 President A. Vučić was part of the
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This Serbian commenter really hates Croats and Croatia. Pure hate. Quite sad.
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A short 🧵 reminding that the imperialist & sui generis Fascist ideology of Greater Serbia, endorsed by Serbian President Aleksandar Vucic, was the cause of War in/on Croatia (& in/on Bosnia-Herzegovina) in the 1990s. ⏬
This is how Vucic reacted to the adoption of the Srebrenica Genocide resolution.
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In one of his speeches to Croatian pilgrims, Pope John Paul II referred to their joint Slavic roots, saying: "You speak of White Croatia, your ancient homeland, which is now exactly where my birthplace is".
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Many Serbs triggered by the fact of e medieval Croat kingdom. "The Early Middle Ages in the Serbian context are significantly less documented than in the Croatian one. There are significantly fewer testimonies, both material remains & written sources" – historian Tripimir Vedriš
In Croatia, you can find the Romans and I believe Asterisk and Obelix, but there is no trace or voice of the Croatian kings.
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Croatian children in folk costumes from the hinterland of Central Dalmatia.
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#OTD
in 1991 Serbian & Montenegrin forces attacked Croatian city of Dubrovnik, which was under siege till the spring of 1992. The military op of the aggressors was cinically called "War for Peace". Croats were labeled "fascists" by the Serbian aggressors & their propaganda.
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Old picture of Croatian medieval city of Dubrovnik 🇭🇷 in 1845, at the time of Austrian rule (Habsburgs) 🇦🇹
Author: Johann Högelmüller, 1845
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Croatian nobleman, Ban of Croatia & a writer Petar Zrinski was born
#OnThisDay
exactly 400 years ago.
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A FORGOTTEN BATTLE🧵
During the long & bloody centuries of Croatian Antemurale Christianitatis (the Bulwark of Christendom), Christian Croats fought countless battles against the invading Ottoman armies. Many if not most of these battles resulted in Christian/Croatian victories.
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For centuries Ostrožac had been part of Croatia, since the late 16th century part of Ottoman Bosnia, within the area once known as "Turkish Croatia".
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In 1687 Croatian Parliament (Sabor) unanimously chose Saint Joseph as the patron saint of the Kingdom of Croatia
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For the first time ever, sent to us from the University of Kazan, 🇷🇺, with the help of a friend from Moscow, we present you an original manuscript of P.A. Tolstoi's travelogue from 1698, where this 🇷🇺 statesman noted that inhabitants of the Rep. of Ragusa call themselves Croats⬇️
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Folk costume of Molise Croats, a small Croatian ethnic group which lives in the Molise province of Campobasso, Italy.
Various hypothesis of their origin have been theorized, but according to evidence they arrived to Italy from Dalmatian coast somewhere in the 15th century. ⬇️
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Anti-Croatian British historian, who reproduces anti-Croatian discourse rampant in Vucic's Serbia, lies about WWII (e.g. a lie in his book that NDH had "concentration camps specifically for ... extermination of children"), is "barred from entering Croatia". Very good! 👏🏼
Make my day 👍👍♥️♥️🇭🇷♥️
Tako triba. Nema labavo. Neka gnoji izvan granica EU...
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St. Thomas near Rovinj - one of many monuments of "Carolingian Renaissance" in Croatia.
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Ruđer Bošković explicitly wrote that he was "not Italian but a Dalmatian from Ragusa [Dubrovnik]"; he referred to Croats as "our Croats" & belonged to the proto-national community referred to by his fellow Ragusans as, i.e., Croats (Nalješković, Vetranović, Pavlović etc.). ✅✅✅
@HCroats
He lived before modern ethnic identities, so unless he called himself strictly something (which I am not aware he did) he is currently most accurately Ragusan, or in a wider sense Yugoslav or Italian.
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Conrad Grünenberg's (1422-1494) beautiful depiction of Dubrovnik/Ragusa in his travelogue from 1487.
Dubrovnik is represented with the coat of arms of the Kingdom of Croatia. Red letters next to it say: "Dubrovnik is a main town in the Kingdom of Croatia". [1/3]⬇️
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The tallest people of Europe live in Dinaric mountains of Montenegro, Serbia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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Kingdom of Croatia and Dalmatia, early Medieval, as depicted by Guillaume Del'Isle, 1715, Paris 🇫🇷
The official name of the Medieval Croatia was "The kingdom of Croatia and Dalmatia". However, in some sources these two parts of the name overlapped or were even used as synonyms.
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Saying "Croatia didn't exist" when Nikola Tesla was born is almost as saying Texas doesn't exist because its within the USA. An article about schooling of Nikola Tesla in Croatia and about his teacher Martin Sekulić:
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Djkovic de facto portrays aggressive-imperialist Serbia under Milošević as an innocent little Balkan state. He also promotes a Nazi-like Blut und Boden mythomania claiming that Serbs are the oldest "people and race" of Europe.
Novak Djokovic recalls living through Serbian bombings as a child and responding with forgiveness today. Much more from the top-ranked tennis star tonight after Big Game Sunday Night on In Depth with
@GrahamBensinger
.
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The channel between Korčula island and Pelješac peninsula had been the border between the Republic of Dubrovnik/Ragusa (Pelješac) and the Republic of Venice (Korčula)
#Onthisday
in 1564 Renaissance poet & scientist of Dubrovnik Nikola Nalješković (1500-1587) sends an epistle to a nobleman from Korčula Ivan Vidali praising him for his (most liklely literary) work: „Tim narod Hrvata vapije i viče da s'kruna od zlata, kojom se svi diče“
1/5⏬
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Operation
#Storm
ended the War in Croatia, brought peace to the country.
Tens of thousands of Croats and other non-Serbs ethnically cleansed by Serbian forces from the so-called "Krajina" were finally (after 4 years) able to return to their homes.
I will always remember the night when we were waiting for the start of the operation “Storm” and the beginning of the final liberation of the homeland after many years of occupation. Finally, on the August 4, at 5 am, the operation began. Croatia was unstoppable. Days of pride🇭🇷
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Great Italian poet Dante Alighieri mentions a land named Croatia (underlined on the left photo) in his Divine Comedy (completed in 1320), which is widely considered the greatest literary work in Italian language and one of the greatest works of world literature. ⬇️
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Catholic Croats of Boka Bay - Montenegro 🇲🇪
Tiuću dvjesta 15. ljeta tradicije Bokeljske mornarice
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Just before the census in Montenegro, anti-🇲🇪 Serb nationalists in that country placed placards with notable Croats, like the 18th century Croatian scientist Ruđer Bošković, claiming that they were Serbs. They build their Serb identity by appropriating Croatian historic figures.
PROGRESS
The head of the Serbian Orthodox Church destroyed the Greater Serbian ideology of V. Karadžić provenance (based on the falsehoods of some early Slavists like Dobrovský) admitting (correctly) that Shtokavian-speaking Catholics hadn't been Serbs.
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🧵According to Ragusan chroniclers, during the war Serbian ruler S Nemanja waged against Dubrovnik/Ragusa, "the last Croatian city" (Al-Idrisi, 12th c.), Ragusans judged that it is more important to confront the Serbian enemy at sea "before they [the Serbs] became accustomed to
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Putin's history exposé in the first c. 20min is very similar to Nazi-like Serbian Blut und Boden mythomania vis-à-vis the Croats, Montenegrins, Bosniaks etc.
He projects modern Russian nation into the early Middle Ages, as if all East Slavic tribes were in fact modern Russians.
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This Serb fella, a "doctor", is not good in geography. Dubrovnik is a city in Croatia, i.e. it's a Croatian city. In addition, Croats are a majority in Dubrovnik, so it's a Croat city as well. 😌
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a bunch of lies and stupid ones as well
Croatia's in total chaos right now, with central Zagreb packed with migrants.
80 years ago Croats took out over 700,000 Serbs and Jews in concentration camps.
30 years ago, they kicked out hundreds of thousands of Serbs and burned their homes to create a "pure Croatian state."
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"Piesma nas brati / Svi smo Hrvati!"
The 1893 poem/song in honor of the Croatian poet Dživo/Ivan Gundulić (1589-1638) by August Harambašić (1861-1911), one of the most prominent of the 19th c. Orthodox/☦️ Croats 👇🏼
The song was written on the occasion of unveiling of the
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The Sinjska alka is Croatian equestrian competition held in the Dalmatian town of Sinj every first Sunday in August since 1715. It commemorates a Croatian-Venetian victory over Ottomans on August 14, 1715. (1/3)
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There are anti-Croat Serb mythomaniacs who claim that Russian diplomat & noble Pyotr Andreyevich Tolstoy who visited the Republic of Dubrovnik in the late 1600s was a crazy drunk because he wrote that the inhabitants of Dubrovnik call themseves "Croats" (Hervati). Pathetic 🤡🤡🤡
Putopis ruskog diplomata P.A. Tolstoja koji se čuva u knjžnici Sveučilišta u Kazanju, Rusija.
U lipnju 1698. posjećuje Dubrovačku Republiku te zapisuje kako se njeni žitelji zovu Hrvatima ("Hervati"), vjere su rimske i govore slavenskim jezikom. Vrsni su pomorci i astronomi.
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Several hundred Dalmatian Croats participated in the French attack on the barbaric Russo-Montenegrin forces besieging Croat city of Dubrovnik in the summer of 1806. Russo-Montenegrin aggressors were supported by proto-national Serbs of Herzegovina, known as "Vlachs" in Dubrovnik.
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Nice to see this page of the 18th c. copy of Pyotr Andreyevich Tolstoy's travelogue, our team managed to acquire from 🇷🇺, circulates the Internet. Tolstoy was in Dubrovnik Republic in the late 1600s & wrote that this city-state is settled by the people who call themselves Croats.
@vjecislav
@HCroats
Russian duke Petar Andrejevič Tolstoj writes this in during his trip to Dubrovnik in 1698.: "govore svi slavenskim jezikom i nazivaju se Hrvati, a vjeru drže rimsku“. Are you Serbs capable of logical thinking? Why would you tried twice in wars (1806 and in 1990s) to capture and
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When describing wars the kings of Serbia waged against the Commune of Dubrovnik, Ragusan chroniclers describe these rulers as "impious, unjust and schismatic"
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Statue of Gregory of Nin in Split, Croatia. He was a medieval bishop of Nin in medieval Croatia credited with introducing the Croatian language in religious services after 926.
Three such statues exist in Croatia - other two can be found in the cities of Nin and Varaždin
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Due to his successful campaigns against the Ottomans, for which he was praised throughout Europe, the Croatian (& Hungarian) nobleman Nikola Zrinski was rewarded by the Spanish King Philip IV who
#OnThisDay
in 1664 sent him the Order of the Golden Fleece.
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17th century veduta of Croatian town of Otočac (Lika) by Carniolan polymath Janez Vajkard Valvasor
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One of the architects of Serbian imperialism Vuk Stefanović Karadžić on "Soakci di lingua croata" ("Šokci of Croatian language", 1613 document): "we just need to make the Šokci refer to themselves as Serbs … and may they believe whatever they like", i.e. may they be Catholics.
1613. Bartol Kašić obišavši Osijek, Vukovar, Srijem i ostala mjesta sjeveroistočnih krajeva Osmanskog Carstva podnio je izvješće vrativši se preko Dubrovnika u Rim u kojem piše da većinu katolika čine Šokci koji govore hrvatskim jezikom: »sokaci di lingua croata«
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The Cathedral of St. James in Šibenik, Croatia.
.
It's built entirely of stone. The construction began in 1402 although the plans for its construction had already been made in 1298. Since 2000, the cathedral has been on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
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Serb forces laid waste on Christian (Croat) & Muslim areas in 1991-1995 in order to create a "based" Greater Serbia. When in 1995 Muslim leadership invited Croatia to help Bosnian Muslims, 🇺🇸 & NATO stopped the advance of Croat forces, saving Bosnian Serbs' para-state (RS). 1/2
Middle East? No, this is Europe, Bosnia & Herzegovina 🇧🇦 in 1995 when United States 🇺🇸 and NATO together with Islamic terrorists went to war against the Serbs.
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The standardization of Croatian language started in the 1500s was mostly based on the most widespread (Shtokavian) dialect group of "Croatica" (Kristek in 1599), that is "lingua croata" (Kašić in 1613.). Bartol Kašić's role in this process can hardly be overstated.
1613. Bartol Kašić obišavši Osijek, Vukovar, Srijem i ostala mjesta sjeveroistočnih krajeva Osmanskog Carstva podnio je izvješće vrativši se preko Dubrovnika u Rim u kojem piše da većinu katolika čine Šokci koji govore hrvatskim jezikom: »sokaci di lingua croata«
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Medieval Arab historian Al-Masudi in the chapter XXXIV of his book "The Meadows of Gold" which was completed in the year 947 AD briefly describes the Slavs. Among several Slavic tribes mentioned in the chapter, one can find Croats by the name "Harvatin" (underlined). ⬇️
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Traditional uniforms of Uskoks from Klis.
Uskoks were irregular soldiers in Habsburg Croatia and Venetian Dalmatia who fought a guerilla war against the Ottoman Turks often resorting to acts of piracy. Their name in Croatian means "the ones who jump in or ambush." [1/5] ⬇️
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According to Venetian chronicler Martin de Canal, upon hearing the news of the death of the doge Tiepolo, the Serbian army attempted an all-out attack on Dubrovnik (August 1275), with the firm intention of taking the city. However, the young Venetian count of the city (Tiepolo
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#OnThisDay
(or on 18 August) in 1184 Ragusan/Dubrovnik's fleet crushed the fleet of Miroslav, the brother of Serbian ruler Nemanja. Miroslav barely escaped death in this navel battle. In 1185 Serbian ruler attacked Dubrovnik but failed to take this Catholic city.
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Russian diplomat Petar Andrejevič Tolstoj, who in the late 1600s visited & spent some time in the Republic of Dubrovnik, wrote that the "Ragusans all speak Slavic, but they all speak Italian [as well], they are called Croats & hold to the Roman [Catholic] faith":
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The accent system in Croatian standard language comes mostly from Croatian New Shtokavian Ikavian dialect, whereas (I)jekavian reflex of the old Yat comes mostly from the late medieval & early modern Dubrovnik literature, the most prestigious part of Croatian literature.
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"millions" ... by reproducing this lie, this fell is insulting thousands of people (Serbs, Jews, Croats, Roma etc.) killed by Ustaše in Jasenovac. These manipulations are the reason why Croatia doesn't allow unannounced visits to Jasenovac by (anti-Croat) Serbian officials.
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Kind reminder from 03:40:
@HCroats
I dalje ni jednog novčića ili pečata nemate za razliku od Srbije iz toga perioda.
Sve se svodi na falsifikate iz kasnijeg perioda (Nada Klaić piše) i natpisi u kamenu koji su klesani ko zna kada. Primjer baščanske ploče iz 14.vijeka.
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It's not hard to guess which one of the Nirvana's trio is of Southern Croatian (Dalmatian-Dinaric) stock
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"Jarbol" is a Croatian word for the mast. The word is not of Slavic but of Dalmatic (Romanic) origin (from "arbor" = wood/tree). Dalmatian language was a distinct Romance language spoken across Croatian coast until the 19th century.
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#Thread
#History
of
#Literature
Croatian Renaissance writer and poet Petar Zoranić (1508 – 1569), whose descendants came from Lika into Nin/Zadar region in the 15h century, wrote the first Croatian novel titled “Planine” (Mountains), compiled in 1536
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Bosnian-Croatian noble family Hrvatinić got its name from "comes" Hrvatin Stipanić. His name was derived from the Croat ethnonym. The last name Hrvatinić was recorded in many documents in Latin as, e.g. "Choruatinig", "Crevatinich" etc. 1/3
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British diplomat, travel writer & the authority on the Ottoman Empire Sir Paul Rycaut (1629 - 1700) wrote about recently islamized Croats of Bosnia who still "read The gospel in Croatian langauge, obtaining it from Moravia & neighboring Dubrovnik"
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Czech encyclopedist Peter Loderecker published his dictionary of seven languages in 1605, in Prague.
In his dictionary he noted that Dalmatians and Croats were synonyms which referred to the same nation.
For example in Latin "Dalmata" stands for "Croat" in Dalmatian language.⬇️
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Today the city of Split celebrates its biggest Day – Feast of Saint Domnius which is called Sudamja.
Even though the oldest recorded mention of the feast is in the Statute of Split from 1312, it is widely believed that the feast has been celebrated since the early Medieval. ⬇️
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After the Reconquista of Slavonia, i.e. Christians expelling the Ottomans, eastern part of today's Croatia was rebuilt in Baroque style, placing that part of the country firmly into the central European culture area.
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Srbin nevoljko priznaje da je hrvatski pjesnik iz Dubrovnika D. Zlatarić (1558-1613.) svoj štokavski idiom izrijekom nazivao hrvatskim imenom pa onda to neuspješno relativizira. Analiza bijedne relativizacije dostupna tu:
i tu:
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1) Доминко Златарић заслужан је за помен хрватског језика (уз још пар примјера) у Дубровнику и као такав представља доказ да је Дубровник хрватски град, међутим ту постоје неке ствари које вам неће спомемути па да их на брзину пређемо⬇️
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Again, they are triggered because "the Early Middle Ages in the Serbian context are significantly less documented than in the Croatian one. There are significantly fewer testimonies, both material remains & written sources" (historian Tripimir Vedriš)
Zbilja je fascinantno koliko su preopterećeni hrvatskim kraljevima
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#OTD
in 1991 Serbian forces launched their fiercest attack on Dubrovnik (South Croatia). 🇭🇷 soldiers in Fort Imperial stood their ground. The fort was built by 🇫🇷 after the 1806 Russian-Serbian-Montenegrin attack on the "crown of all Croatian cities" (16th c. Croat poet Vidali).
Petar II Petrović Njegoš promised some 2000 Montenegrin soldiers to Croatian Ban Josip Jelačić in 1848. He regarded Croats as Montenegrins' brothers. Oth, his predecessor Petar I Petrović joined the Russian attack on Dubrovnik Republic in 1806 w/ some 6000 Montenegrins. Orthodox
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Reconstruction of the church of St. Martha in Bijaći, which was built by the Croatian duke Mislav or Trpimir in the 9th century
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#OnThisDay
in 1593 outnumbered Croatian and other Christian forces inflicted a heavy defeat on invading Ottoman Muslim army in the Battle of Sisak.
1/2⏬
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Foreigners interested in the two of three long centuries of Croatian-Ottoman wars should read the book "Balkan Wars" by American historian James Tracy.
A FORGOTTEN BATTLE🧵
During the long & bloody centuries of Croatian Antemurale Christianitatis (the Bulwark of Christendom), Christian Croats fought countless battles against the invading Ottoman armies. Many if not most of these battles resulted in Christian/Croatian victories.
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The oldest known map to show the land of Croatia is Tabula Rogeriana, drawn by the famous Arab geographer and cartographer Muhammad al-Idrisi in 1154.
Here we present only the section of the huge map (3.4x1.5 m) which depicts the Adriatic sea and surrounding lands. [1/8] ⬇️
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Once a deep cove, St. Stephen Square in Hvar is the largest square in South Croatia, and most likely the largest of all Adriatic islands.
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Many Serbs triggered by the list of Croat kings. Why?
The Early Middle Ages in the Serbian context are significantly less documented than in the Croatian one. There are significantly fewer testimonies, both material remains & written sources" – Croatian historian Tripimir Vedriš
Hrvatski narodni kraljevi:
- Tomislav
- Trpimir II.
- Krešimir I.
- Miroslav
- Mihajlo Krešimir II.
- Jelena Slavna
- Stjepan Držislav
- Svetoslav Suronja
- Gojslav
- Krešimir III.
- Stjepan I.
- Petar Krešimir IV.
- Dmitar Zvonimir
- Stjepan II.
- Petar Snačić
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Vučić promised that most parts of Croatia will never be Croatia, and that those territories will be part of Serbia, one united Serbian "Reich"!
Croat population had already been ethnically cleansed by Serb forces from Serb-held areas of 🇭🇷 by the time of Vučić's Glina speech.
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"Jer koji se poziva na pravo osvojenja, na pravo jačega poziva; a koji se poziva na pravo jačega, na mač se poziva; a onomu, koji se poziva na mač, mačem će se, vierujte, kad uztreba, odgovarati" - "Hervati Madjarom"/"Croats to Magyars" (1848) by Ivan Mažuranić
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Some
#facts
🧵
He forgot to mention that 🇨🇦 goalkeeper Borjan (born in 1987 in SR Croatia, part of SFRJ) said he was born in Serbia & that Dalmatia was Serbian, basically endorsing Serbian imperialism (not unlike A. Vucic in Glina) responsible for the War in 🇭🇷 in the first place.
#Mundialpolityczny
, odc. 7
Na sektorze chorwackich 🇭🇷 kibiców podczas meczu z Kanadą 🇨🇦 wywieszona została flaga prowokująca i obrażająca bramkarza Kanadyjczyków, Milana Borjana.
Borjan urodził się w Jugosławii, kilka lat przed wojną.
I do tego nawiązywała flaga. Wątek 🧵1/x
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Croats are one of the nations mentioned in the Hebrew chronicle "Josippon" composed in the early 10th century by an anonymous native of the Jewish community in South Italy. According to the chronicle Croatian tribe ("Cravothy") settled somewhere between Venice and Saxony. ⬇️
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In the 1704 catalogue of "Croatian books" (Knjig Hervaskih) published by famous Venetian bookseller and printer Batrolo Occhi one can find numerous books from various Croatian authors from Ragusa, Dalmatia and Istria written in different dialects of Croatian language.
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The name of the Croatian village of Kijevo situated beneath the slopes of Dinara mountain in Dalmatia has the same etymology as the name of the capital of 🇺🇦 (Kyiv/Kiev).
The history of the village dates back to the medieval period. It was first mentioned in a charter from 1315⬇️
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Croatian city of Hvar in 1845, during the Austrian rule 🇦🇹
Painter: Johann Högelmüller, 1845
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There is no Bosnian nation. There are 3 major nations in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Bosniaks, Serbs and Croats.
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Story from the Croatian folklore.
Jure Grando Alilović (1579–1656) is a first real person described as a vampire in historical records. He was born in the small town of Kringa in the region of Istria. The account of his death and vampire life was first recorded in 1689. [1/12]⬇️
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"knez Mikula Zrinski, vitez Runa zlata, slavni ban slovinski, Dalmat i Hrvata, pače čast kršćanska, dika dalmatinska, hrabrenost hrvatska i slava slovinska, Nimcev
čvrsto pleće, Ugrov zalog cine, - sin al otac veće svoje domovine ..." (Odiljenje sigetsko, 1684.)
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