ζ ε½€ β¨π±π’πππππππ.ππππ±β¨
@therealyingtong
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(offline for a while) building non-hierarchical infrastructures
Nusantara
Joined June 2018
a community-maintained directory of resources related to halo2, and its many variants!. (heavily inspired by @adria0's awesome-halo2)
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my understanding of how Sangria, Origami (aardvark), split accumulation, and halo2 atomic accumulation relate to each other: they are folding schemes at different stages of the proving process.
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Looks like the Monetary Authority of Singapore may be thinking about zero-knowledge proofs and "compliance-by-design":.
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i've been an engineer at @ElectricCoinCo for a month, and i've never had a more fun job. thank you to the ECC team and to @ethereum. i'm excited about building bridges - - construction under way! β¨π¦ππ¦β¨.
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CycleFold in a GIF (:
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iβm hosting the βFuture of Proving Systemsβ session at Devcon tomorrow, featuring an absolutely stacked roster from:.- @PrivacyScaling,.- @aztecnetwork,.- @Scroll_ZKP, .- @0xPolygonHermez, .- @StarkwareLtd,.- @o1_labs, and.- @gnark_team.
First up - the Future of Proving Systems session will take place from 10AM - 1PM, focusing on next-generation ZK proving systems and tools. 2/. (Add this session to your Devcon calendar with the link below!).
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In my unemployed era β¨
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Probably my favourite talk I've ever given π . Slides here:
Cryptography and Privacy in Context | W3PN Berlin Meetup. Feat. @therealyingtong x @__geometrydev__ on adversarial thinking, cryptographic challenges, critical use cases in privacy. video:
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friends who will be here for Ethereum Singapore next month: come hang out at our side event! we've a strong technical community here and want to learn what youβve been working on β¨. (***not limited to Solidity)
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i helped write one of these! :-D ZIP 221: a modification to block header formats would allow for ZCash light clients that download only a logarithmic no. of block headers in chain length~.
Call for feedback on eight proposals that have been submitted for the next Zcash Network Upgrade:
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talks so far π₯:.1. @bguiz: AA on EVM-compatible networks.2. @optimizoor: Gas Optimization w/ Solady.3. @FlyingNobita: BLS Signatures on Ethereum.4. @alex_xiong_: Espresso Sequencer.5. @Amber_hcq: Finding bugs in zkEVM.6. Suede Kam (@HyperOracle): Secure & Trustless Oracle via ZK.
friends who will be here for Ethereum Singapore next month: come hang out at our side event! we've a strong technical community here and want to learn what youβve been working on β¨. (***not limited to Solidity)
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my favourite project from @RealWorldCrypto was DatashareNetwork: a tool for investigative journalists to query each others' documents, without leaking their identities or using a central third party.
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friends in Singapore πΈπ¬ join us for a discussion on anonymity in real-world identity protocols. we'll look at designs and implementations with an emphasis on real-world use-cases, as well as blockers/potential footguns.
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"Zcash is compliant and fully compatible with global AML/CFT standards, including all final FATF recommendations, the European Unionβs Fifth Anti-Money Laundering Directive, and the United Statesβ Anti-Money Laundering regulations.".
Statement from the Electric Coin Co about the US Treasury adding Tornado Cash to the list of sanctioned βSpecial Designated Nationalsβ:
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i'm playing around with a simple frontend for the @waresinfoshop mutual aid Google spreadsheet. let me know if you want to collaborate π± . (living at
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come write circuits with us β¨
1/ [APPLY BY WEDS 6/1] Halo2 Learning Group. We'll be running a learning group from 6/13 - 7/8 focused on PLONK and Halo2. See the post below (and this thread) for details on the program and how to apply. Earlier applications will be prioritized first.
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thank you for the wonderful event! slides from the talk ."UltraPLONK arithmetisation (Halo2)":
π£ Our latest addition to todayβs zkSessions roster is @therealyingtong who will present an upcoming library for programming with UltraPLONK. Check it out at the event, starting at 9 AM PT/6 PM CET. Sign up now:.
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i'm thinking about a tool which reads a contract from one chain and redeploys it on another, possibly using @kolinko's amazing any thoughts on who i should talk to? :-) (source code for gif at
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I'll be continuing to work on cryptography for coordination + purpose limitation; and to think more about it from a critical theory angle. Excited to build with collaborators old and new π.
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Excited for I'm going to write about my favourite talks here (in pseudo-real time):
ReCAP is tomorrow!!!!! It's free to attend and will be virtual/in-person at Tufts (we have room for a few more in-person attendees). Pls see our website for an updated schedule of events and registration link: #ReCAP2024
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the slides i used: an intro to zk-rollup
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Random oracle model
- MPC in the head.- block cipher encryption.- sponge function.- Merkle hash tree
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what made this paper fun to read: it motivates each step of the protocol design through problem statements, which is more engaging than the proof-driven approach of academic papers. also, very clear separation of the "zk" part from the "SNARK" part at the end!.
Why and How zk-SNARK works have just been accepted to arXiv π.
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@cryptograthor there's quite a few PlonKish / folding / lookup experiments happening on halo2. from what i've seen, they use it as a frontend, and swap out parts of IOP/PCS in the backend:. -ProtoStar (.-cq (.-mvlookup (.
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"Previously, only two-level states ("qubits") had been transmitted, i.e., information with values "0" or "1". However, the scientists succeeded in teleporting a three-level state, a so-called "qutrit". ".
Complex quantum teleportation achieved for the first time @physrevlett
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i just saw Devs, a miniseries about quantum computing and free will. a snippet of the dialogue:. dev: our code fails at 30s.boss: why.dev: it's a quantum-type problem. somewhere in the multiverse is a world where it stays in sync. but it's not this one. (many-worlds debuggingβ’).
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βMaze - Aggregation Tool for Circom-PLONK Proofsβ by @janmajaya_mall @PrivacyScaling enables circom-PLONK proofs to interoperate with halo2.
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π³ release v3.1.0 π³ and my first time as release manager!.
New Release 3.1.0 β‘οΈ The code preparations for the Canopy network upgrade (NU4) are finished and included in this release. Canopy will activate on mainnet at height 1046400 β mid-November. #Zcash $ZEC.
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all manner of weird and wonderful applications are being written in halo2, from zk-email to full-blown VMs, coprocessors, and neural nets. huge shoutout to @axiom_xyz and @PrivacyScaling/@Scroll_ZKP, who maintain the popular halo2 forks that most of these apps are built onβ¨.
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a tech tree (actually, more of a DAG) i've been helping to build at @foresightinst's intelligent cooperation group. highly WIP:.
Thank you @therealyingtong for the latest update on the Intelligent Cooperation tech tree prototype! .Tech trees aims to provide a dynamic overview of a given field, outlining current advances as well as challenges & how they connect with each other.
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so far, halo2's strength seems to be in its modularity and adaptability. experiments like FRI verifiers, Noir compilers, and IOP/PCS modifications contribute towards interoperability and standardisation efforts across proof systems.
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Very grateful to have rotated shapes with the Geometers (@__geometry__ @__geometrydev__ ) these past few years. Many fun collaborations to come!.
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"In other words, this is evidence that free electrons naturally implement the Grover search algorithm when moving across the surface of certain crystals.".
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my next tattoo
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I'm loving the diversity of experiences and perspectives at ReCAP β¨ looking forward to today's talks:
Excited for I'm going to write about my favourite talks here (in pseudo-real time):
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Gorgeous photos of mathematiciansβ blackboards by photographer @jessicawynne6. Accompanying text by @overbye. (h/t @tvjrennie) .
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while making i came across so many cool projects that i'll probably need ten more threads to cover them all -- but if i missed yours out, please open an issue / PR to add it! β¨.
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probabilistically-checkable-proofs.
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the TikTok furore shows that users do not have a voice in state / corporate hierarchies; this is why i'm invested in self-governing experiments like Zcash and Ethereum.
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i've been thinkin bout.π₯ recursion π₯.β¨ aggregation β¨.πΈοΈ composition πΈοΈ.
.@therealyingtong and i are giving a talk on recursive zkSNARKs at devcon bogota tomorrow at 5:30pm :). the 0th iteration of #NYTCH βοΈ;).
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so i just saw Charlie's Angels. there was a high tension scene in which the disgraced CEO character says, "i can't give you root access! and have it go on the blockchain??". also, Kristen Stewart is hot.
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my first time at @Wwcodesingapore tonight π₯ we learned about chatbots, data provenance on blockchains, and generative art!
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finally, weβll hear @yezhang1998βs thoughts about optimal βProof Systems for zkRollupsβ (i heard that it's going to get information theoretic π).
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@feministPLT (i meant to quote tweet this, ugh i can't twitter .
An attempt at an explanation-in-pictures for how bulletproof-style polynomial commitments work (relevant to Halo and potentially future ethereum upgrades for better scalability). I welcome feedback! I'm trying to experiment with new approaches to make crypto math more intuitive.
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@smu_blockchain @NTUBlockchain thank you for joining us yesterday evening!. special shoutout to @weijie_eth, Piotr from Worldcoin, and Daniel from Aleo for showcasing Semaphore, WorldID, and zPass respectively π
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(1/3) Some freaky "legal cryptography hacks" I learned about at ReCAP (:. Attorney-client privilege + FHE: if the client's PII is encrypted to a key held by their attorney, the attorney cannot be compelled to decrypt the ciphertext (Callisto Vault)
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split accumulation: the prover does some work to obtain a polynomial showing that the instance is a satisfying one. then it commits to this polynomial and folds the evaluation claims. this gives a slower prover, but it can now fold instances with different constraints.
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hi Brooklyn β¨πβ¨
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zkFVM π
π‘Β Opportunity for #fil-builders.π‘. Collab between @FilFoundation and @ElectricCoinCo opens doors to @Filecoin and @Zcash projects. π. Want to know how? Read this -
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just signed up as a mentor β¨.
In the past two years, we ran two mentorship programs with 900+ participants from 40+ countries. The enthusiasm of mentors and curiosity of mentees warmed our hearts. Now it is time for the revamped Mentorship v3 π .
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"Systems that operate with a different conception of identity built-in. Systems that take as axiomatic that proving identity is a problem, and that recording identity is dangerous. Systems that allow us to prove we have a right of use,instead of requiring us to prove who we are.".
By changing how we think about identity we hope to provide a natural technological check on the ability of institutions to abuse their power, and create a world in which anyone, anywhere, can express her beliefs without fear of being coerced into silence.
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"1. NFTs of high-potential scientific work are sold.2. These NFTs, like a collectible, could grow in stature and value as the scientific work was validated.3. Prospective NFT sales of early scientific results could thereby profitably fund the validation of that research".
Published my first essay on @viamirror! It's on the great promise of improving incentives for open science / innovation. It's also (relatedly π€) an implementation and description of a novel funding mechanism for Science NFTs called a SplitStream.
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physics tips for physical distancing:. - practice distancing in momentum-space. since it has dimensions of reciprocal length, the further we go in position-space, the closer we come in k-space. - be 100% unaware of your momentum; leaving you with full certainty of your position.
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our next block is focused on low-level cryptographic optimisations in proof systems, from two of the most performant implementations in production today: @adr1anh from @aztecnetwork and @YoussefElHousn3 from @gnark_team.
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"Fine-Grained, Secure and Efficient Data Provenance on Blockchain Systems". A simple API for smart contracts to query provenance information captured during runtime, instead of having to replay all transactions.
Well done to PhD student Ruan Pingcheng for winning the VLDB 2019 Best Paper Award! This was Pingcheng's first time publishing a paper as first author. Read more:
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is this joke too niche
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Sangria / Origami: folds the actual instance by relaxing its arithmetisation. this gives a very fast prover, but it can only fold instances with exactly the same constraints.
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our first block will showcase projects from the @0xPARC Halo 2 Working Group: all manner of weird and wonderful circuits, built on @ElectricCoinCoβs halo2 library.
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@ObadiaAlex @nate_zec @zooko @tszzl i made a stab at this some time ago, it's outdated by now but i would love to collaborate on updating it!
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adversarial inputs to Google Translate
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then, we have a panel on βNext-Generation DSLs and IRsβ, featuring @jbaylina (PIL, circom), @GuthL (Cairo), @bkase_ (kimchi / snarkyjs), and Kevaundray (Noir). moderated by @therealyingtong (halo2 ;-)).
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"Decentralization is deeply Palestinian. The context is partly religious: Islam is a decentralized religion. [. ] What weβre doing is simply refreshing what they think their community should be, in a technological way."
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we'll also have @0xagnish joining us to discuss: Verkle Tries, Statelessness and the Verge. see you this evening!.
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to read: "Classical zero-knowledge arguments for quantum computations" (2019, T. Vidick, T. Zhang) .
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fun fact: the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore does not include a right to privacy.
Parliament: Wearable device for Covid-19 contact tracing to be rolled out soon, may be issued to everyone in Singapore.
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The weaponisation of safety against encryption: this phrases the problem and solution as a technical one, and is a form of techno-solutionism in itself. Actually increasing child safety and reducing CSAM would require more fundamental (and expensive) policy changes.
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the sunsets have been unreal βοΈ
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"Progress in mathematics. is often made by working out analogies between one subject area and another. βNothing is more fecund than these slightly adulterous relationshipsβ between analogous theories. βnothing gives greater pleasure to the connoisseur.β"
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Taiwan's Digital Minister = bad bitch π₯.
βDo you meet resistance in government regard. your open source projects?β βI AM resistance! When I look into the mirror I see resistance!β My interview with @audreyt in #Taiwan for @Weltspiegel_ARD
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then, weβll see an absolutely bonkers PyTorch / ONNX -> halo2 compiler in @jasonmortonβs βProving System Challenges from ZKMLβ.
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@cryptonativa @free2zcash @zcashesp @ZFAVClub @ZecHub @AuraBritoSM @CriptoCuriosas @cryptochica_arg good luck for your talk tomorrow! :-).
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i wanted to view needs / offers side-by-side + search through the listings with pattern-matching. next i'd like to be able to update the spreadsheet directly from the frontend. what other features should we add?.
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atomic accumulation: the prover does yet more work to create an opening proof for the evaluation claim, and folds these opening proofs. this leads to a higher recursive threshold than split accumulation, but a smaller recursive argument.
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Potential use-case for intents: Privacy Preference Exchange Language. "Primarily, we envision this language will be used to allow users to import preference rulesets created by other parties [. ] to encode user preferences for use by the rule evaluators".
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- if someone is coming too close for comfort, accelerate towards them at near-light speed. this will cause you to contract in their reference frame.
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"And the very concept of βscaling a communityβ seems oxymoronic. Broskoski likened it to everyone living in seven skyscrapers, when βthereβs actually this huge weird landscape [where] we could be buildingβ eclectic homes or βother small villages.β"
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omg
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@pauriahcarey i'm a Physics grad working as a software engineer, and my favourite elective in school was Philosophy and Political Thought. life is fun outside the flimsy STEM / humanities binary. come join us @shareuhan, we have cookies πͺ (the non-tracking kind).
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"Commoning": an group on p2p concepts / communities
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Real-world applications are rarely "well-posed", and cannot be considered *downstream* of some idealised, general-purpose cryptographic object; instead, they provide *upstream* context in motivating the problems we work on. ("Contextualizing Cryptography" - Seny Kamara)
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"the memory-Βas-data metaphor [. ] tends to imply that knowledge exists relatively self-Βcontained within its storage format. Whereas in songlines, the artificial memory lives relationally between mediums, between landscapes and their inhabitants, rather than within a medium".
Artificial Memory and Orienting Infinity. Metaphors from computing suggest that all memory can be available as data. How to navigate remembering and forgetting this data remains less clear. Read the essay here: The essay was written for the 2023 Summer
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"The generational successor to hackers today might be cryptographers and those who dabble in information security: those who flirt with the law, and do so with a wink and a bow.".
Hi I wrote a book!. It's called Working in Public, and it's the story of modern open source and its implications for online communities and the creator economy. Now available for pre-order on Amazon:
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v2, with colour π±
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"a model of liberal arts education in Singapore and Asia that is trailblazing, distinctive and world-renowned" "no not like that".
Yale-NUS and University Scholars Programme to be combined into one new college from 2022
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"we demonstrate that by choosing the encoding displacement operators to be independent on each optical mode and to follow a Gaussian distribution with an increasing variance, any pair of encoded codewords will become. increasingly indistinguishable.".
Homomorphic encryption of linear optics quantum computation on almost arbitrary states of light with asymptotically perfect security, @YingkaiOuyang, @sihuitan, @jfitzsimons, @peter_rohde #quantuminformation #quantumphysics
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i like that the protagonist in Devs is a cryptographer with a pixie cut β¨
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π«οΈε€§ιͺπ«οΈ
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this was beautiful
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i think all 404 pages should quote T.S. Eliot
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"Thanks to the advanced technologies made available by Micius, for the first time in human history, we managed to perform a meaningful quantum optical experiment testing the fundamental physics between quantum theory and gravity"
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