Markus Virgil Hoehne
@HoehneVirgil
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drummer, anthropologist, anarchist grave digger, waraabe cade, interested in Somali society/culture/history, forensic anthropology, IR, German politics & fungi
Joined April 2022
I cannot but admire the natural grace of Somalis.
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Comparing the supreme Garaad of Dhulbahante and the one of Isaaq illustrates aptly who is in line with Somali and Islamic traditions and who not. Garaad waa nin rabbi yaqaan, rag yaqaan iyo run yaqaan. Garaad Jaamac Garaad Cali waa garaad asal ah.
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In Lasanod on 9 May '23, after three days in town during which I did research on the ongoing conflict between Somaliland and Dhulbahante forces supported by militias from other Harti clans
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During my visit in Lasanod from 6 to 9 May 2023 I saw many buildings that have been damaged by the shelling of the Somaliland army since the war began on 6 Feb., including the General Hospital of the town.
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In Buuhoodle on 10 May 2023, after a short visit of one day to speak with elders, businesspeople, religious and military leaders about the ongoing war around Lasanod.
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When on my way to Taleex the first time, in Nov. 2003, I encounteted this guy. Felt almost like a travel back in time. 😎
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Strange. Is HSM just watching this? How can a stretch of Somali territory be leased to a foreign power without the official agreement of the gov. in Mogadishu?.
Today’s MoU signed by Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed & Musa Biihi the secessionist figurehead from Northern Somalia to grant the Ethiopia an access to the Red Sea is undemanding the stability of the Horn of Africa region . President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud opened the flood
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Buuhoodle April 2004 (pic taken by myself). Life there was (and still is) characterised by clan self-governance, keeping peace with neighboring clans in the countryside and the hope for Somalia to emerge as stable state. Gives historical grounding to recent "blue revolution".
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The former first lady of Somalia who resided in Mogadishu in the 1960s and served Somalia as representative at the WHO later, pretends that she has difficulties understanding ppl in Mogadishu & that there are different "ethnicities" in the south. I guess she is just British 😂.
I wonder who translated Ms. Edna while her husband was Somalia's prime minister and she operated a drugstore in Mogadishu where she sold medication to the people. She is a crafty spinster who constructs bogus lies.🤣.@HoehneVirgil .Imagine the young generation that Edna nurtured
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It was an honour to meet many of the responsible people leading the emerging administration of SSC-Khaatumo on 6 May 2023, followed up by in-depth interviews and observations which will inform my upcoming analysis of the war in and around Lasanod
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If people in Awdal would now start a lasting uprising, then the legacy of Muse Bihi indeed would be the destruction of Somaliland. What is the president of SL doing?.
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What did Edna say when Lasanod was shelled by Somaliland forces in 2023? She even mocked that "we will rebuild it [Lasanod] more beautifully!" Now when the victims are from her clan, she pretends to be a "humanitarian". Edna is disgusting! Every (Somali) life lost is a shame.
Dr @EdnaAdan sent a very power full message to the #international community, which #massacre of #people living in #Dacawaley District & nearby villages was perpetrated by the leadership of the #autonomous region under the federal gov of #Ethiopia. @hrw
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What you need to know, @RepScottPerry and @realDonaldTrump etc. is that Somaliland today is a clan-state based on an Isaaq narrative and based on a multi-party system that facilitates sharing of power between different Isaaq clans. Meaning: it excludes a large number of people.
U.S. Representative @RepScottPerry has introduced a bill to the House Foreign Affairs Committee calling for the recognition of Somaliland. It's time for Congress to support and pass this bill Somaliland is a true partner to the U.S. and crucial in deterring China's influence.
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This is how Somaliland's "counter-terrorism" in Lasanod looks like. It is actually terrorizing civilians in their homes.
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Ethiopia has interfered in Somali politics since the mid-1990s, with partly disastrous effects (including fuelling a militant Islamic insurgency in the early 2000s). Ethiopian troops have committed horrible warcrimes & human rights violations in south-central Somalia 2006-2008.
Breaking 🚨: Ethiopia 🇪🇹 government releases statement condemning Somalia 🇸🇴 for hostility and conspiring with Egypt 🇪🇬 to attack Ethiopia 🇪🇹.
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Xaladda hadda ka tagan Laascaanood ayaan ka hadlayaa. Full version here:
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@FahimaAli49 @KagutaMuseveni You are actually speaking about "Isaaq interests", covering it as "Somaliland interests". Thus despite your efforts to present yourself as "fresh voice of Somaliland youths" you are essentially reproducing the tribalist discourse of grandmom Edna.
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Qof af ka xun iyo been ka badan Edna Aaden ma jiro. Mooryaanta ee Laascaanood galeen sarakiishi ciidanka Somaliland ku tirsan bay ahayeen. Iyaga dadka bay hanjabadeen, bay dileen iyo xuquda insaanka bay jabeen. Uff, Edna wasakh! .
Dr Edna Adan ayaa tiri; "Dhulbahante waa la duufsaday. Maanta 90 jirka ayaa lagu kufsanayaa Laascanood. "
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Investigation into UK involvement in training Somaliland special forces allegedly involved in massacring civilians in Lasanod end of 2022, early 2023
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If rightwing, xenophobic and anti-Islamic nationalists are supporting your cause, you know that you are on the wrong side of politics and history. .
One meeting among others today was held with Somaliland’s Special Envoy to the EU, Mikael Torstensson. Always a pleasure to catch up with him and discuss urgent matters regarding the situation in the Horn of Africa. Our work on this issue has always focused on making the best
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SSC forces in Yagori, some 70kms west of Lasanod. The Somaliland army is driven out of all Dhulbahante inhabited locations, it seems. Many vehicles and weapons have been taken from the Somaliland army.
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SSC-Khaatumo admin is working hard to improve the situation of ppl btw Buuhoodle, Lasanod and Taleex etc. Today, 6 Oct. '23, Abdulkadir Firdhiye left for Mogadishu, to meet with representatives of the federal gov. Garaad Jama G. Ali is in Addis, where he had constructive talks. .
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Somaliland is not securlar @laura_i24 It is inhabited by Sunni Muslims many of whom have no sympathy at all for the Israeli government massacring the people of Gaza & supporting settler-colonialists in Palestine. If Israel sets a foot into the Horn, war will escalate.
Somaliland is a secular, democratic territory which has longed deserved international recognition.
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@SLprotector I certainly won't. Try to arrest me, if you have any sovereignty in Lasanod or goboladda SSC. Waan ku suugayaa.
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This is how knowledge ab Somali issues is getting destroyed. Some author called Abdirisak Ahmed Ali published a paper online on entitled "Somalia: Political Dispensation or Envy of Somaliland’s Achievements?", written with ChatGBT, full of references that
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Abiy Ahmed likely overplayed his hand, and the Somali government seeks to take a strong political stand. This shows: the biggest problem of a "failed state" is not the "anarchy" inside (which is just a cliché) but the defenseleness against interferences.
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Somaliland @32 is far from being peaceful & democratic. Over the past 5 1/2 months dozens of civilians have been killed or injured by SL forces mainly in Lasanod, but also in Erigabo & Borama. The SL army is waging war on Lasanod, destroying civilian infrastructure (see below)
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Xalay iyo Munich. Meeting with an old friend in my hometown
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Edna Aden is an activist for women's & children's health on the one hand. BUT she is also a long-standing political activist spreading half-truths and outright lies about Somali history and the situation in Somaliland. Her humanism is selective. See explanations below:
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This is a map from 1885 (Flemming detailed map of East Africa incl. Abyssinia, Somalia and Sudan). It shows how tiny the Christian highland kingdom of Abyssinia was at the eve of colonial expansion, under Menelik II (1889-1911). Its access to the sea was Massawa.
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1/5 Why does the gov. of Somaliland need to control the territory in which Dhulbahante & Warsangeli live? To foster its claim to reign over clearly demarcated territory as country. The problem is: Hargeysa does not reign over this territory inhabited by Dhulbahante and Warsangeli.
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1/2 Just spoke with Garaad Jama G. Ali on the phone. He confirmed: 1) No AS in Lasanod. 2) Dhulbahante will defend themselves. 3) The issue is ab self-admin. of the clan. 4) They do not wish to be part of SL. 5) They establish their own admin in the federal setting of Somalia.
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28. Feb. '23: just now, 9:30am EAT, a shell fired by the Somaliland army attacking Lasanod hit and severely damaged the pediatric ward and the lab dep. of LA General Hospital.
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1/7 Muse Bihi is a president with his back against the wall. Domestically, he has worsened the situation of Somaliland. His military approach to the Lasanod uprising has shown the weakness of the SL military. He has alienated a good part of the population of the region.
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On the one hand, Ilhan Omar is accused of supporting Somali irridentism. Yet, when Abiy Ahmed, having a reputation as domestic warmonger, reactivates an imperialistic highland Ethiopian narrative about access to the Red Sea, then this is considered an act of clever statesmanship?.
Reckless Ilhan is back at it again - this time inflaming Somali irredentism. "Inshallah soon we shall redeem our missing lands," she tells crowd to big applause. With these kind of reckless rhetoric Ethiopia and Kenya are bound to default to old security mindset. Depressing.
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New wall decoration in my office. Images of Buuhoodle, Taleex, Midhisho, Maydh, Xiis. All those beautiful places with wonderful and welcoming people and tremendous history, surrounded by magnificent nature!
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If is would happen, @martinplaut , it likely would lead to renewed bloody violence in the north. You ask what Mogadishu can do. Ask what SSC-Khaatumo militias & PL army plus some Awdalite saboteurs can do. The war over Lasanod 2023 has shown: ppl r ready to fight for Somalia.
“The Federal Republic of Ethiopia is set to become the first African nation to officially recognize the Republic of Somaliland. Additionally, the Republic of Somaliland will lease 20 KM of sea to Ethiopia. Furthermore, Ethiopia will utilize the Berbera Port." 1/4.
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25 May '23: Important day for Puntland. Local gov. elections. Transition from a system of sharing power btw. patrilineal descent groups to a party based system that cross-cuts "clan". In Somaliland, the latter failed to bring stability. It led to the domination of one group.
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@SihaamMumin What unites Isaaq in Somaliland? Hatred for Darood. And hatred for the rest of Somalia. Both converge sometimes in recent public expression of SLanderism.
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Waa runtiisa. Soomaalida danta guud ee aanay qabyalada ku saleysaneyn bay lumiyeen. Wadamada gumaysiga ah ee cusub baa ka fa'iidayaan.
Damn the words of Prof. Abdi Ismail Samatar hit differently now 😢. He gave this interview 2 months ago when Abiy Ahmed said "we want to get a port by peaceful means. But if that fails we will use force".
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Waa kulaanka siyaasinta shaambo xayraan ah 🤣.
Today I had the privilege of having a lunch with @FaisalAliWarabe, one of the three presidential candidates in the Somaliland election next year. We had fruitful discussions about the current challenges in Somaliland as well as future possibilities.
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This is a fairly accurate depiction of the extent to which the government in Hargeysa controls territory in north-western Somalia (Somaliland minus SSC-Khaatumo and Warsangeli lands). It also shows where the recent elections took place and where not.
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Fri., 25 Aug.'23: Harti forces attacked the Somaliland army near Lasanod today ca. 4am EAT. Around 8am, the SL forces were pushed out of their positions in Maraga, Gooja Cadde etc. SL forces are fleeing. POWs have been taken. Fighting ongoing near Dabansaar (30km west of LA).
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A good & detailled map reg. the places in the regions Sool, Sanaag and Togdheer inhabited by Dhulbahante, Warsangeli and others not agreeing to Somaliland's secession from Somalia. These are the areas where the gov. in Hargeysa does not exercise control.
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Waiting for @CatrionaLaing1 reporting to the UN Security Council about today's fighting (25.Aug.'23): "Somaliland lost only 10 soldiers and it is still in control of Gooja Cadde". Afterwards: shake hands with @EdnaAdan and @musebiihi to discuss British oil interests in Somaliland.
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Historically, Ethiopia is at its core a centralized, authoritarian state system. If it takes land, it normally does not return it. Somalis have been organised, for the past centuries, as kin-groups defying centralised rule. They expanded in many regions but rarely cemented rule.
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Seems to be very relevant. Who ever is securing this evidence, document everything, take pics with date, time and GPS info: where, when and by whom was it found. Forensic documentation is necessary here. Establish a "chain of custody" for pieces of evidence.
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One question that I still have, even after many years of researching Somali issues, is: what motivated the resistance against the government under Mohamed Siyad Barre in the first place? Was it greed o was it grievance? Here, I am not asking about what motivated individual.
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A friend just sent me these pics. Shows how a political vision materialized between 2014 and 2024
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In pre-colonial time, the saying was:. "Aakhiro nimaan geel lahayn lama amaanayn." Today it is: "Aakhiro dad dawlad lahayn lama amaanayn." Miyaa? 😉.
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Clinging to a colonial history that was more complicated than many SLanders would like to admit and that is out of tune with the reality on the ground in many parts of Somaliland today is one of the reasons for the current crisis in Lasanod.
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@FahimaAli49 Edna Aden is among those SL elites who feed their own ppl, foreign visitors & the IC with pol. lies ab Somalia&Somaliland. She preaches pure Isaaqism. She is a SLander warlord. Her lies are crumbling now in the face of SSC-Khatumo. One sees now the limitations of the SL project.
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Why do we all just watch Somalis die? Fighting for or against secessionism, unionism, salafism, sufism, liberalism, clanism. At the end it is people who are getting hurt & a country suffering from soon 40 years of war. Reconciliation must be sought. Weapons will achieve no peace.
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I know a few men in Hargeysa who had sex with underaged girls; at least one of them was working for the SL gov. & for INGOs, a Habar Awal man. I saw also lots of other dirty things in Hargeysa, all shown to me by "good local men". I never engaged in any of their dirty businesses.
Markus; Are you denying that there is a criminal case against you in #Somaliland after you were arrested for having sex with underage girls & then deported out of the country? Which part are you denying? Being paedophile or deported? Now your hate 4 #Somaliland make sense to me.
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@FaisalAliWarabe Nice freudian slip: "HSM is head of failed state. His words has impact on our determination." So, HSM's words actually have an impact, right? Time for pension, Faysalow? 🤣.
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Sounds like an amazing project and a very interesting series:
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Ppl like @RAbdiAnalyst etc, who are tweeting ab Al Shabaab in Lasanod are deliberatly spreading war propaganda. I speak with responsible persons in LA daily, those working at the hospital, at Bisha Cas. They confirm: NO Al Shabaab in town. There are only those left defending LA.
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SL is not gaining anything by shelling Lasanod but hatred from the locals. It also establishes a bad exmple for others being distanced. Do you think Warsangeli see their future in SL? Also, SL is now really ruining its internat. reputation as "bacon of peace". Stop the fighting!.
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Spoke with a friend in LA today (9.2.23). There is only Dhulbahante in town, defending their homes&lives. The commanders like Ina Cambashe and others, who previously worked for SL, joined their ppl in defending themselves. There are no PL or SNA forces in town, let alone others.
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It sems that Ethiopia (the leadership and those alligned to it) is pursuing a neo-imperial dream. Leaders in Addis actually see the national independence of Somalia as a kind of historical error. Actually Somali lands should be part of the new Ethiopian empire (in the pre-col.
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Most recent piece of mis-information. No Puntland army attack is happening. It is Dhulbahante forces aided by small Warsangeli and Majeerteen/Omar Mahamoud units in the background.
Somaliland Gov wishes to inform the world that forces from Somalia's Puntland Region have attacked our forces today. We have no option but to defend our territory & protect our people. We strongly condemn this act of aggression and are determined to stand up for our sovereignty.
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Slightly shortened version; full video can be found here:
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If it was but true. Waad iska fanaysaa. These pics are from Ethiopia. Nin is fanshay waa ri is nugtay 😂
Cabsi Cabsi #Somaliland getting ready for earthquake @musebiihi running our of patients ,let's go he is gearing up way to Garowe .#Laascaanood is not even the priority anymore 😁
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Muse Bihi during the SLNTV interview on 25 Jan.: "A small piece of land has been leased to the Ethiopian navy as a naval base, [. ] Ethiopia’s imports and exports will utilize the port of Berbera." Reminds me of the saying: "Give them an inch and they will take a mile.".
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Thousands of Somalis have died due to the Ethiopian military intervention. Ethiopian vehicles ran over women & children in Gedo region & gangraped women in Mogadishu 2006-2008. All in the name of countering "terrorism", while their war helped Al Shabaab
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This pic I took in Nov. 2003. Poster on the wall of Nugaal Intellectual Forum in Lasanod. Refers to the episode when Pres. Kahin of SL came to LA to prepare municipal elections in Dec. 2002&was chased away by force. Key message: "Don't forget the day Somali unity was kept alive!"
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@somalilandusa Somaliland is not a recognized state & there are no state borders to secure. Dhulbahante are controlling their land & Warsangeli theirs. Any attack by the Somaliland army, which now essentially is an Isaaq militia, on DH position will likely lead to civil war in the north.
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What @NimkoAli doesn't say: Somaliland is internally contested. Roughly 1/3 of the inhabitants of the region prefer to be united with Somalia and reject the secession of Somaliland (1991-). The recognition of Somaliland would likely provoke civil war
✍️@NimkoAli: I believe the recognition of Somaliland is also good for Somalia and its people. As I see it, for over 30 years they have been stuck with unelected politicians and a foreign army as their primary source of security. Read more:
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Today on google maps. Gojacade is termed as "SNM rebel base"! Who arranged for that? Cajiib 🤣🤣😋
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Tue., 12.09.23: Life in Lasanod is slowly going back to normal. IDPs are returning. Yesterday the secondary school Muuse Yusuf opened. Other schools & the universities still need preparation & rehabilitation. Electricity works, the water plant not. Repair will take months.
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My first time in Doha. Interesting two days meeting on discussing pol. stabilization.
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Friday 17 Feb. '23: since around 7am CET the Somaliland army is heavily shelling Lasanod. The SL troops are positioned in Gojacade (map below). From there much of the shelling happens. Many houses in LA are being hit.
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Here is another philosophical question @RAbdiAnalyst : why should Dhulbahante, Warsangeli and others in the east, who have no stake in Somaliland politics any more and who have been on the receiving end of Somaliland's military violence for years (since 2004, in fact), join the.
The Somali national government in Mogadishu is now effectively in a state of war with its own federal member states. So, here is a philosophical question:. Why would Somaliland be interested in becoming a member of a deeply dysfunctional and unravelling Somali federation?
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@VancitySam @HassanSMohamud @musebiihi Somaliland politicians from Hargeysa cannot visit Buuhoodle, Laascaanood or Badhan, but run around demanding recognition for Somaliland 😂.
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On conflict in Lasanod: ". Somaliland does not want to renounce its claim on Sool region because that.would undermine their push for recognition. " (. Is Mogadishu or any int. actor ready to recognize SL? If not, why watch the SL army bombing Lasanod?.
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Here comes a little correction of the poster below, reflecting the truth underlaying Somaliland.
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This war propaganda ab "fighting terrorism" is the only thing the Somaliland gov. can hold on to in order to legitimize its fight against ordinary people in Lasanod. Justifying SL war crimes.
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From Buuhoodle to Badhan, 20 yrs ago, no Somaliland existed on the ground. Photographic evidence from 2004 below. Same today. Ask yourself: why?
Mass of the so-called SSC remains firmly inside Somaliland and the militants are confined to one small part, but you have to keep on making the point. Can I suggest photo ops? Get out and take photos in the area and post them. Have a picnic, geolocate the picture and prove they-.
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For those interested in the colonial betrayal of Somalis, particularly in the north, have a look at the book by Louis Fitzgibbon (1982): "The Betrayal of The Somalis". It outlines Abyssinia's expansion in violation of protection agreements btw. Somalis, British and French. Free
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You seem to engage in activist reporting @TheEconomist You already edited the originally much more nuanced and critical report by Liam Taylor, published 29th August 2024 on "Inside Somaliland. " so that it became a Somaliland advertisement piece. Liam had spent time in Lasanod,.
Somaliland’s claim to sovereignty has not yet been recognised, even though it declared independence from Somalia in 1991. Donald Trump’s victory and other geopolitical developments are raising hopes that this may soon change 👇.
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Dear media personality @SimonWhistler , please provide evidence for some of the statements you make in the SL video. Esspecially the number of civilians allegedly killed by the Somali dictatorship in the '80s. You mention some 200.000. Who is the source? Have you crosschecked it?.
Based on credible intelligence, Ethiopia and Somaliland officially notified major international entities and governmental bodies back in August last year about the upcoming Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) executed on 01 January 2024. This development evidently unsettled the
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This is a helpful statement by the US state dep., asking Muse Bihi to withdraw his army from Lasanod:
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"the barbaric invaders of Lasanod" are those who shelled and attacked the town btw. Feb.& Aug.'23. Commanded by.
A delegation from Mogadishu to Lasanod would not change Somaliland international borders, and the drama and the jubilation will soon turn in to tear and nightmare . Somaliland will soon expel the barbaric invaders of Lasanod and secure all its borders. Insha Allah.
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Here is my reaction to his statments:It is strange how @DrJPPham actually is distorting the "reality" on the ground, contrary to what he is claiming in his interview with @BBCWorld /@bbcworldservice
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@kingofSomaliaa Edna Aden is an arch-liar. She never cared ab DH or anyone east of Burco. She is the mother of Isaaqism as a narrative that creates hatred and exclusion among northerners. Waa cudur, naagtan.
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Huwaanti ku soo duushay goboladda SSC iyo Somaliland burbuuray waa kan, sow ma ah? @Ladhka Waa aniga, Taleex agteeda, 2003di 🤣
2023 bulshada xornimada heshay maaha dhulbahante, oo weligood xor bay ahaayeene, waa huwantii ku soo duushay, oo adiga bakayle, @HoehneVirgil, #Firdhiye iyo inkaloo badan qeyb ka ahaydeen! 🤣.
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1/2 21 Feb. '23: Since 6am heavy fighting is ongoing in Lasanod. The Somaliland forces started shelling the town and subsequently engaged in an attack in the east and southeast of Lasanod, involving technicals and infantery. Attack has been repelled, casualties are reported.
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Int. actors should support humnitarian needs in Lasanod under the new SSC admin. Needs: 1. support with clearing not detonated explosive devices left behind by SL army; 2. support for Red Crescent to visit & care to the needs of PoWs; 3. rebuilding damaged infrastructure.
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This is a disturbing statement by someone who should have some diplomatic skills & knowledge ab pol. complications in Somalia. @MarkusWiechel maybe you read a bit on the conflict in the SSC regions before you make false allegations. 90%of Dhulbahante never wanted to be part of SL.
@SomalisVoices There would be no conflict of people would respect boundaries. Somalia should let Somaliland go and focus on its own problems with islamic terrorists.
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Nine years ago (Feb. 2015) in Buuhoodle, on a mission initiated by Danish Demining Group (DDG), to discuss with local elders about projects benefitting the community. As a result, the market road was paved. Here with my friends Abdi Yare & Dayb.
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Al Shabaab officially declared on somalimemo that they are NOT involved in Lasanod. I spoke with several ppl on the ground all day. Dhulbahante in town know each other. There is no AS around. This narrative is used the delegitimate a clan's self-defence vs SL army.
Al-Shabaab now involved in Laas Anood violence. This is no longer just a claim by Somaliland. intelligence agencies operating in the Horn now deem info credible. A thread:.
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1/2 Creative solutions are needed for the conflict around Lasanod. The war escalated bc Somaliland claims colonial borders which it does not control (today it is Lasanod, tomorrow it will be Badhan?) & because ppl residing along these borders reject being fully integrated into SL.
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1/6 Today a year ago, a friend from Lasanod sent me a voicemessage around 5:30am EAT stating that fighting had started on all fronts. Harti forces had taken the initiative. When I called him an hour later he told me the good news that Gojacadde had been captured by Harti forces.
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