I summarise key insights from a few papers studying the limit order book. You’l learn how to measure volume imblanace in the limit order book and how well it predicts price moves.

A break down of how the Black-Scholes option pricing model works, what implied volatility is and how you can use the model to hedge risks.

Using the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process, you can calculate the expected spread between bond yields of different maturities. These expected values can then be used to estimated the expected value of...

Poorly monitoring your trading strategy means you are missing mistakes and leaving money on the table. By converting your bot’s logs from plain text to JSON you can create a near real time monitoring...

There’s a magical little theorem that links a power spectral density to the autocovariance function. You can use this to quickly estimate a Gaussian process of a periodic time series.

Companies embarking on a big-data journey must realise they are engaging in a value exchange with their customers, one that requires them to tailor information to make a website or product more...

Rather than recalculating a least–squares model on each new data point, you can simply update the fitted coefficients. This saves you computational time and allows you to place greater emphasis on...

The square root of your portfolio’s covariance matrix gives you a powerful way of understanding where your portfolio variance is coming from. Here I show how to calculate the square root and provide...

The return of a bond ETF can be estimated from bond yields. The distribution of a bond ETF’s returns turns out to be a function of the interest rate, expected change and variance of the interest...

Bond returns are a function of yields. Calculating the expected value of this function is quite difficult. You can take a Taylor expansion to make calculating the mean and variance of returns much...

A reference page listing the moments of a Guassian distribution and shows how to derive co-moments.

Fractional Brownian motion is a stochastic process that can model mean reversion. Predicting future values turns out to be a simple linear model. This model has significant predictive power when...

Alan's not far behind.

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The half-life of a stationary series can be estimated with a linear regression. These notes show the derivation of the half-life from the regression coefficients.

Using the method of moments and building a compound distribution you can demonstrate some of the stylized facts of returns.