100YearsAgoNews
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Jon Blackwell, an editor @wsj . Reporting events from a century ago.
New York City
Joined June 2009
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Oct. 24, 1922: Macedonian immigrants Tom and John Kiradjieff open a hot dog stand in Cincinnati they call the Empress after the theater next door, and introduce a spicy Mediterranean chili topping. They are credited with inventing Cincinnati chili, the region’s unofficial grub.
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May 3, 1924: D.W. Griffith predicts the movies of 2024 will be in color, with music sound tracks and so costly to make that a ticket is a whopping $5. Of one thing he’s certain: actors will remain silent. “It will never be possible to synchronize the voice with the pictures.” 1/5
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Nov. 8, 1923: Adolf Hitler launches his Beer Hall Putsch. The Nazi Party leader and 600 storm troopers seize the Munich building where much of Bavaria’s leadership has gathered, and declare a German revolution. They vow to march on Berlin to establish a new far-right state. 1/10
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May 24, 1924: “Stay woke,” a new slang expression, catches the notice of a columnist in a Black newspaper, the Houston Informer. It means to be true and focused on what matters. “The man who is unconcerned about himself, his family, his race or the human family, is asleep.”
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My official job title was deputy managing editor, production, another way of saying copy desk chief. That meant I got to do perhaps the most tabloidy of tabloid work, writing headlines! Here are a few from just the last week...
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Jan. 23, 1923: “When We All Have Pocket Telephones.” Cartoon by William Haselden, Daily Mirror of London.
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June 26, 1924: Two Chinese men are under arrest in Shanghai for attempting to set up a chapter of the Ku Klux Klan. The U.S.-born duo identified only as Ching and Tung were found to have Klan paraphernalia. It's unclear what they think of KKK white supremacism. (Baltimore Sun)
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April 1921: Three "Hindu" students—actually Sikhs—arrive in the U.S. to attend the University of California at Berkeley. Partys Singh, Dalys Singh and Accharr Singh say they plan to play cricket, field hockey and baseball. (Fort Worth Star-Telegram)
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Oct. 23, 1923: Communists attempt a revolution in Hamburg by storming police stations, seizing arms and erecting barricades in Germany’s largest port city. About 100 people are killed in the uprising before Reichswehr troops take back the strongholds and restore order. 1/6
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Nov. 9, 1923: Adolf Hitler’s Beer Hall Putsch ends in a fiasco as police in Munich disperse his would-be revolutionaries. 15 Nazis, 4 officers and a civilian are shot dead and Hitler flees, a wanted man. Despite their failure the putschists will enter Third Reich mythology. 1/10
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Sept. 7, 1921: Police officers from six municipalities in New Jersey condemn the comedic portrayal of cops in the motion pictures and call on the state Board of Motion Picture Censorship to have "the misrepresented cop eliminated from the movies."
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May 1924: A jujitsu instructor shows women the art of toppling a male attacker in a self-defense training session in London.
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Jan. 5, 1923: White invaders destroy the rural Black settlement of Rosewood, Fla., systematically burning houses, churches and businesses as the residents flee to swamps and woods. Hundreds take part in the riot that leaves an undetermined number of victims dead. 1/6
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Six years of the best job I ever knew are over. Thanks to all my co-workers at the
@NYDailyNews
for making it so fun. //
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A 🧵on the best photos of (the first four months of) 1924.
A 6-foot-tall Marjorie Evans, in a cigar-leaf dress, smokes the "largest cigar in the world" as the National Tobacco Exposition prepares to open a convention in New York. (Jan. 26) 1/24
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Dec. 3, 1922: Rep. George Tinkham (R-Mass.) asks a pointed question of President Harding: Since he considers enforcing the Prohibition amendment so vital, where is the federal government's enforcement of the 14th Amendment that guarantees equal citizenship, regardless of race?
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Aug. 15, 1923: The Ku Klux Klan says it has a deal to buy Valparaiso University in Indiana, a once-highly regarded school now struggling at recruitment and hard up for cash. The Klan plans to rename Valparaiso "National University" and instruct youth in being "100% American." 1/5
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Sept. 20, 1922: Leslie Buck, designer of the iconic New York City "Greek coffee cup," is born (as Laszlo Büch) in Czechoslovakia. The Auschwitz survivor was marketing director for a paper cup maker when he devised its blue and white motif and motto, "We are happy to serve you."
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Feb. 21, 1923: “Walsh is my name and I’m a Scotchman. I’m a bobby beater,” shouts a diminutive sailor in Brooklyn as he challenges one and all police to a throwdown. Jock Walsh then flings aside six of New York’s Finest in a 10-minute donnybrook before he is finally subdued.
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April 12, 1924: The discovery of a prostitute wearing sailor's togs aboard the battleship Arizona brings scandal upon the Navy. The 19-year-old stowaway, Madeline Blair, had sneaked aboard in New York in March and is found out during a transit of the Panama Canal. 1/5
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July 4, 1924: Inundated by Fourth of July visitors, Tijuana restaurateur Caesar Cardini runs short of ingredients. He improvises by having a salad prepared tableside from Romaine lettuce, Worcestershire sauce, olive oil, cheese, croutons & eggs. The Caesar salad is invented. 1/3
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My "100 years ago" posts are getting wider reach on Twitter I thought. A larger, blue-check account is sharing them. Only he's doing so without crediting me.
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Aug. 3, 1923: It is on this date, according to an account much-told in social media, that the writer Franz Kafka finds a girl crying in a Berlin park because her doll is lost. He comforts her with a tale that the doll isn’t lost, just traveling the world. 1/4
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April 9, 1921: Mary Jackson, NASA's first Black woman engineer and a subject of the book and film "Hidden Figures," is born in Hampton, Va. She is played by Janelle Monae in the movie.
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May 15, 1924: A dog named Contact is given an honorary degree at the University of California at Berkeley for his perfect record of sitting through four years of geology classes. (Oakland Post Enquirer)
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May 9, 1924: A festival of Joan of Arc being celebrated in Orleans, the French city where she won her greatest victory.
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March 20, 1921: French Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau’s pet rooster is seized and made into dinner after his Paris neighbors complained of being woken up at 3 a.m. by its crowing. (N.Y. Times)
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Feb. 9, 1923: Leaders of a defeated partisan movement in Ukraine stage a riot and attempted breakout in the Kyiv jail where they have been sentenced to death by the Soviet regime. The Kholodny Yar fighters engage in a four-hour gunfight before 38 of them are massacred. 1/4
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March 9, 1923: Thirty uniformed officers of the New York Police Department are hood-wearing members of the Ku Klux Klan, an investigation by bomb squad detectives finds. At least one detective has been busted down to patrol duty for his suspected Klan activities.
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Feb. 27, 1922: A Boston-area minister is expelled from Presbyterianism for having "said grace flippantly," in one case declaring, "Lord, we thank thee for the French fried potatoes" and in another instance baptizing a dog. Edwin Curtis is defended by hundreds of his parishioners.
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Oct. 15, 1922: Two Michelin Men walk the streets of Paris’ Montmartre neighborhood to advertise the tire brand. (At the time, the mascot, known as Bibendum in France, wore a pair of old-fashioned glasses.)
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Dec. 25, 1923: Christmas is celebrated around the world. A French family at the table. 1/6
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Oct. 13, 1923: Brothers Barney and John Smith and their four-legged friends help raise awareness for Be Kind to Animals Week in Washington, D.C.
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Aug. 31, 1923: A Ku Klux Klan initiation ceremony and cross-burning outside New Castle, Del., is disrupted by a mob of up to 1,000 who throw rocks and rip robes off the Klansmen. The attackers include both Black men and some who shout "Hurrah for the Irish." Two people are shot.
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May 26, 1924: The most restrictive immigration act in U.S. history is signed by President Coolidge. The law drastically cuts arrivals permitted from Southern and Eastern Europe and bans the Japanese, in an overt attempt to make America whiter and more ethnically homogeneous. 1/7
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Dec. 16, 1922: Allison "Tootie" Montana, the best-known of New Orleans' Black "Indian chiefs" who created elaborate costumes and led tribes in the Mardi Gras parade, is born in that city.
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Oct. 21, 1923: Deputies "have orders to shoot any Ku Kluxer who appears in Butte," warns Silver Bow County, Mont., Sheriff Larry Duggan after investigating a cross-burning on a mountaintop. The lawman is protective of a heavily Catholic population in the mining town.
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Dec. 5, 1923: Fur coats being made at an industrial arts school in Paris.
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March 31, 1923: Alma Cummings sets out to break the record for longest continuous dance. After 27 hours in New York's Audubon Ballroom, the dance instructor achieves her goal, wearing out a succession of six male partners along with the soles of her shoes. 1/2
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April 22, 1924: It’s probably the best-known anecdote about Calvin Coolidge. A woman seated next to him at a dinner tells the famously taciturn president she made a bet that she’d be able to get at least 3 words out him. Without missing a beat, he responds, “You lose.” 1/4
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May 24, 1922: Two Russian wolfhounds take a break from a Los Angeles dog show to give a ride for Edwin Hubbel, a child actor from the Mack Sennett lot.
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May 14, 1923: The funeral in New York for 10-year-old Matteo Settebrino, who was struck by a car, with his schoolmates acting as pallbearers. The Daily News prints the photo "in hopes that autoists who see it will remember that one moment of carelessness may cost a life."
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Jan. 21, 1924: Lenin dies. The 53-year-old leader of Russia's Communist revolution and Soviet head of state is felled by a massive stroke at home in the Moscow suburb of Gorky. His demise opens a power struggle between two would-be successors, Stalin and Trotsky. 1/11
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Oh, and my team didn’t just write funny headlines! Our Pulitzer for public service — when the News exposed the NYPD abuse of a law allowing them to essentially evict people, crime or not — was made possible by close reading. Hat tip here to copy editor supreme Harvey Cooper
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Feb. 1, 1922: William Desmond Taylor, one of the best-known directors in the movie industry, is shot to death at age 49 in his Los Angeles home. The case is never solved and remains among the biggest mysteries of early Hollywood. 1/5
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Nov. 27, 1923: An 11-year-old boy is arrested in uptown New York for distributing revolutionary pamphlets and organizing a Communist youth club. The mother of Leo Granoff says “she and the boy were free thinkers and that she did not propose to tinker with the young idea.”
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July 6, 1923: A federal judge in Montana rules part of Prohibition’s Volstead Act is unconstitutional, as it arbitrarily restricts doctors from prescribing alcohol. Judge George Bourquin overturns the conviction of a doctor who had written 100 prescriptions for booze in 90 days.
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Nov. 9, 1923: The failure of the Beer Hall Putsch on this date brought worldwide scorn and ridicule upon Hitler. Yet he was able to turn his flight into heroism and his bungling into brilliance through mythmaking. The Nazi leader also learned useful lessons in how to coup. 1/9
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Jan. 15, 1924: A playful visitor to the Karnak Temple complex in Luxor, Egypt, appears to rise from a sarcophagus like an awakening mummy.
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Aug. 25, 1921: The Battle of Blair Mountain in West Virginia begins with the march of 10,000 armed coal miners from the town of Marmet to the coal fields of Mingo County 60 miles away. It has been called America's largest-scale internal conflict since the Civil War. 1/4
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Jan. 9, 1923: A warning sign for motorists in Oak Park, Ill., near a spot where children come to play.
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Aug. 27, 1922: On the second day of a battle against the Greeks, Turkish Col. Resat Bey promises commander Mustafa Kemal he'll capture a key hill within 30 minutes. He fails to take the objective in time, and shoots himself to death. 45 minutes later, his troops succeed. 1/2
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June 8, 1923: The U.K. Parliament passes a bill allowing a woman to seek divorce on the grounds of infidelity by the husband without proving cruelty or desertion, making grounds for divorce the same for both sexes.
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July 14, 1923: Robert Zildjian, founder of the cymbal manufacturer Sabian that is favored by musicians including Phil Collins, is born in Boston. He was a rival of his brother, who founded the separate cymbal company Avedis Zildjian.
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Feb. 16, 1923: The inner tomb of King Tutankhamun is opened for the first time in 3,200 years. Howard Carter and Lord Carnarvon are seen after breaking open the entrance in Luxor, Egypt. The boy king's innermost shrine is sealed with this rope that survived millenniums. 1/6
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@TheRickWilson
I read this at first as "55 cents" for miles of fence. which would have been a nice trolling move
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March 7, 1923: Adolf Hitler gives an interview to the Chicago Tribune in which he says Henry Ford’s anti-Semitic beliefs are an inspiration to him. “We have just had his anti-Jewish articles translated and published. The book is being circulated to millions throughout Germany."
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Oct. 28, 1923: Ku Klux Klansmen defy an order by the mayor of Portsmouth, Ohio, and march in full regalia through the center of town. The police arrest 244 of them. Two youths are arrested later at night for burning a cross. 1/2
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@civilrights_lit
Look how this was framed in the headlines of 100 years ago
Dec. 19, 1921: A massive book-burning takes place in Berlin. 40,000 "volumes of detective, Wild West and Indian stories," considered lowbrow and immoral, are destroyed in a bonfire by the Association for the Protection of German Youths. (Philadelphia Inquirer)
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June 4, 1923: The Supreme Court rules states may not ban the teaching of foreign languages in schools. The 7-2 ruling in the case of Nebraska vs. Meyer invalidates a Nebraska law together with 20 similar state statutes, many of which were aimed at German speakers during WWI. 1/4
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June 4, 1923: Paul Bonavries, Abraham Lincoln’s barber in Washington, dies at 85 in the capital. He was a Sicilian immigrant who also served in the Union Army in the Civil War. (Portsmouth, N.H., Herald)
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January 1924: The cheeseburger is invented. That, at least, is the claim later made by 16-year-old Lionel Clark Sternberger, a short-order cook for his parents' roadside stand in Pasadena, Calif., on a stretch of road later to be designated Route 66. 1/4
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Dec. 11, 1922: A New York Police Department horse named Bulb rears and throws a mounted officer into the path of a car, killing him, the second time in three years he has thrown and killed a cop. The latest victim is Patrolman Frank Mace, in Brooklyn. 1/2
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April 29, 1924: Dog lovers demonstrate in London in favor of a proposed bill in Parliament that would restrict experiments performed on live animals.
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March 25, 1922: A peek into the future of radio, when parents will have a perpetual communications link to their children, never giving them a moment of independence. (Dorman Smith, Jersey City Journal)
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Feb. 21, 1923: A Berlin police officer finds an abandoned baby on the street. “Because so many parents are unable to buy food or clothing for their offspring, they leave them for the police to find and for the state to rear,” a wire service reports.
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Oct. 19, 1923: A deranged gunman storms a school in rural New Zealand, shooting and killing two children and wounding six other people. The killer, John Higgins, is captured at the Waikino School after a shootout with police and found to have a bomb that he never detonated. 1/5
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Feb. 10, 1923: Movie comedian Harold Lloyd marries Mildred Davis, his romantic co-star in many of his films since 1919, including "Safety Last" (second photo). He is 30, she is 21; they remain married until her death in 1969. The last photo is from 1960.
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May 21, 1924: Los Angeles' main water aqueduct is bombed 200 miles north of the metropolis, apparently by locals who resent that their own farmland is drying up. The sabotage in the Owens Valley opens a violent new phase in Southern California's so-called "Water Wars." 1/5
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June 19, 1924: A vision of a future with video telephone calls, complete with remote doctor visits and wrong numbers. Cartoon by Alfred Frueh in Life magazine.
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Jan. 14, 1924: Ice yachting on the Netherlands’ Zuider Zee.
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July 1921: A University of California at Berkeley professor takes 3 doses of "the deadly drug" cannabis, "known as 'hasheesh,' " and lives to tell about it. He puts himself under the influence of the substance over 3 days this summer to test its mental and physical effects. 1/5
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May 2, 1923: Constance Lytton, an English suffragist who was jailed four times for her militant acts, dies at 54. An earl's daughter, she used the alias Jane Warton so she wouldn't be afforded privileges in prison; a hunger strike she underwent may have hastened her death.
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I’ll always be proud of the work I did with
@realjimrich
,
@danieljkim
, and quite a few more who are gone as of this week to hold the powerful to account — in no case more important than the ruling party in Washington
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Nov. 15, 1921: A 4,000-pound Mark 1 bomb from the Army Ordnance Department.
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May 21, 1921: A wave of Jewish emigration is pouring into Poland, fleeing chaos and persecution in Russia. Poland’s Jewish population increases 16% between 1921 and 1938, and even greater numbers pass through the country to emigrate elsewhere.
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Sept. 29, 1921: A 21-year-old Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon, in her garden at the family estate in St Paul's Walden and with her father, the Earl of Strathmore. She is a future queen and mother of Queen Elizabeth II.
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Dec. 27, 1923: French structural engineer Gustave Eiffel dies at 91. The man who built the Eiffel Tower and the iron skeleton of the Statue of Liberty spends his last hours listening to a recording of Beethoven's Fifth Symphony in his Paris apartment. 1/3
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Oct. 25, 1923: An apple seller identified as Mrs. Hunt, who has plied her trade at the same corner in London's Cheapside neighborhood for 40 years.
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April 1, 1924: Adolf Hitler is convicted of treason for leading the Beer Hall Putsch to try to overthrow German democracy. But the sentence he receives is so lenient—5 years in prison, with a likelihood of freedom in less than a year—that his Nazi supporters erupt in cheers. 1/7
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The supposed letters have never been found, nor has the girl with the doll ever been identified. An urban myth? Perhaps not entirely: Kafka’s friend Dora Diamant gave an account of his encounter with a girl in a park that matches the tale, although with a different ending. 4/4
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Dec. 28, 1921: D.W. Griffith's historical epic of the French Revolution, "Orphans of the Storm," has its world premiere in Boston. It is the last of Griffith's movies to feature his biggest star, Lillian Gish, who shares top billing with her sister Dorothy. 1/2
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Jan. 6, 1924: The flooded Seine retreats in Paris after reaching a high-water mark of 23 feet in some places. Seen here today are a rescue from a swamped automobile and a baker saving the contents of his shop. Earlier, a piggyback ride and the Pont de l'Alma.
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Kafka, who never married and had no children, dies a year later, at 40. As a grown woman, his friend from the park finds that he had hidden a note inside the doll. It reads: "Everything you love will probably be lost, but in the end, love will return in another way." 3/4
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The blanket reprimand is later withdrawn as too draconian—a relief for one of the Arizona's ensigns, Arleigh Burke, who will rise to become an admiral and Navy operations chief under Eisenhower. The Arizona itself is sunk at Pearl Harbor with the deaths of 1,100 crew. 5/5
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Dec. 4, 1923: “The Ten Commandments,” directed by Cecil B. DeMille, premieres at Grauman’s Hollywood Egyptian Theater. The film, with a cast of thousands and spectacles like the parting of the Red Sea, will be the top-grossing film of 1924 and set a vogue for Biblical epics. 1/4
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Jan. 9, 1924: Nazis assassinate a leader of last year's failed separatist revolt in the German Rhineland in a hotel restaurant. Franz Josef Heinz, 39, is gunned down in Speyer with a friend who is dining with him and an onlooker. Two of the killers also die in a gunfight. 1/3
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In Hitler's absence, Ludendorff allows the prisoners to leave, certain that they will remain loyal to the fascist revolution. This proves to be a fatal error. As midnight approaches, leaders of the republic in Berlin learn of the putsch and mobilize to regain control. 10/10
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Nov. 21, 1922: Adolf Hitler and his Munich-based National Socialist party are mentioned for the first time in the New York Times. The article by Cyril Brown forthrightly describes his violent anti-Semitic rhetoric but contains observations that will prove spectacularly wrong. 1/2
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June 13, 1922: A delegation from the Philippines is welcomed to Washington, D.C., as they campaign for the islands' independence. From left, Jaime De Veyra, Manuel Quezon, U.S. Insular Bureau chief Gen. Frank McIntyre, Sergio Osmena, Isaure Gabaldon.
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May 15, 1923: Muckraking author Upton Sinclair is arrested in Los Angeles for trying to make a speech to strikers at the docks. He is reciting the First Amendment when Police Chief Louis Oaks personally hauls him off, snarling, "None of that Constitution stuff here, see?” 1/2
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At 8:25 p.m. Hitler leads a file of followers toward the podium where Gustav von Kahr, Bavaria’s head of state, is making a ponderous speech. The 34-year-old already known as “Führer” fires a shot from a Browning pistol and shrieks, “The national revolution has broken out!” 2/10
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Dec. 10, 1922: Upholders of moral virtues have a new dance to freak out about: “Parking,” in which a couple holds each other tight and barely budges. Fast-paced jazz dances had previously been the target of denunciation. New York police vow to ban close, slow dancing.
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I’m also a writer. Check out my book “Notorious New Jersey” () about the 100 most infamous mobsters, serial killers and other lowlifes in Garden State history.
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July 3, 1924: While Ku Klux Klansmen are attending an out-of-town “Klorero,” a burglar breaks into the Klan’s secret headquarters in Buffalo and makes off with a membership list. Leaked to newspapers, the list contains the names of 12 police officers and a Methodist pastor.
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Kholodny Yar has remained a potent symbol of Ukrainian patriotism. Its black flag was displayed at the Euromaidan protests that touched off the country's revolution of 2014; one of Ukraine's best-regarded combat units, the 93rd Mechanized Brigade, goes by "Kholodny Yar." 4/4
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