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Martin Wattenberg Profile
Martin Wattenberg

@wattenberg

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Human/AI interaction. Visualization as design, science, art. Professor at Harvard, and part-time at Google's People+AI Research initiative.

Joined July 2008
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
3 years
First day of school! Today I'm starting as a professor at Harvard. My research will center on visualization, human/AI interaction, and how we can use computers to generate insight.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
5 years
How does a neural net represent language? See the visualizations and geometry in this PAIR team paper and blog post
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
2 years
Tiny neural networks have a surprisingly rich inner life, and may hold clues to how their larger cousins work. This image: evolution of feature vectors during learning. Full story: (in collaboration with the great interpretability team at @AnthopicAI )
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
6 years
PAIR's new "What-If Tool" lets you probe a machine learning model, no extra coding required! Visualize inference, find counterfactuals, see feature importance, try algorithmic fairness criteria. Now in TensorBoard! @bengiswex @mahimapushkarna Jimbo Wilson
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
1 year
Visualize transformer attention! AttentionViz, created by Catherine Yeh and expanded by Yida Chen, helps you explore transformer self-attention by visualizing query and key vectors in a joint embedding. Paper: Website:
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
t-SNE seems to magically map high-dimensional data. How to read those maps correctly: (with @viegas , @enjalot )
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
6 years
Histogram of (mostly) rocks found on a Wellfleet beach. Happy August!
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
4 years
I’m excited to announce that starting in fall 2021 I’ll be a professor of computer science at Harvard (and affiliated with the business school). And yes, @viegasf will join me in spring 2022! We’ll also continue to work part-time at Google and on PAIR.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
Paths in polygonal billiards: image made after reading work of Iranian-American mathematician (and Fields medalist) Maryam Mirzakhani.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
3 years
Thinking about grad school next year? Interested in visualization, human/AI interaction, or computational art? Consider Harvard! @viegasf and I are building up our lab and will be looking for students. Our DMs are open.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
Visualizing simple machine learning systems... and ways they can be fair or unfair. Essay with @viegasf and @mrtz
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
Does this @WSJGraphics chart downplay US concern over Russian hacking? Here's a redesign for comparison.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
9 years
This simple math model is so surprising I wrote code to verify for myself (pic). http://t.co/X36v7otU0B http://t.co/Z20uNDXPd5
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
3 years
When @viegasf and I designed our wind map, we scaled the brightness by the top windspeed in the data. We also only plot wind over land. So when a hurricane is heading to landfall, the map goes ominously, unreadably dark. Technical bug, emotional feature.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
7 years
Delighted to announce PAIR: People + AI Research initiative. Let's add HCI and design to classic machine learning!
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
Visualization doesn't add insight, it multiplies. If you know nothing about your data to start with, visualization won't help.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
6 years
Did your neural net say "zebra" because of pixel (17, 153)? Or because of the stripes? TCAV interprets neural nets with high-level concepts, not low-level features. See and cc @_beenkim @jmgilmer @Carryveggies @bengiswex @viegasf
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
4 years
I've been seeing unusual "tornado plot" diagrams floating around, and wrote a tiny interactive tool to help myself understand them. Draw your own x-y graph, see what it turns into with a tornado plot! (Spoiler: it's probably loopy.)
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
3 years
Looking for a postdoc position in data visualization, human-centered machine learning, or both? Consider joining our lab at Harvard! Here’s the official announcement:
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
It's alive! Play against the artwork and see a vintage chess AI think.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
Play with a tiny transparent neural net: (illuminating work from @dsmilkov and @shancarter )
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
Visualize global news! Try different people, places, things. (a project with @JigsawTeam )
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
2 years
Thinking about grad school next year? Interested in visualization, machine learning interpretability, or human/AI interaction? Consider Harvard. @viegasf and I are continuing to build our lab!
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
5 years
UMAP is a real advance in visualizing high dimensional data. But how should we read it? And when should we use it? Take a look at this interactive essay by @_coenen and @adamrpearce !
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
If anyone questions the role of animation in visualizations, show them this masterpiece from the NYT.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
6 years
Machine learning on the web takes the next step... Awesome improvements to deeplearn.js - now known as TensorFlow.js. Can't wait to see what people do with this!
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
9 years
Square-by-square difficulty of today's NYT crossword, as rated by a multigenerational group. http://t.co/EGbKSDnnlP
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
12 years
Paramount's 1927 map of California: where to shoot movies set around the world. http://t.co/fnhW0wIA via @jkriss @timtrueman
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
3 years
Why people describe warm colors more efficiently than cool ones—across 110 languages! Nice research on color terms, with elegant visualizations and a new use for a classic ML data set. Paper: Summary: (h/t @timhwang & @emollick )
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
7 years
Our group at Google is looking for a machine learning researcher. Key areas: interpretability, visualization, HCI.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
6 years
Wonderful essay on science and art! Jane Richardson describes how woodcuts, vases, and origami influenced her research. Now I know where those "ribbon drawings" of proteins come from.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
6 years
This beautiful project is the visualization equivalent of seeing a perfectly restored Ford Model T driving on the highway.
@rougeux
Nicholas Rougeux
6 years
I recreated Byrne's 1847 edition of Euclid's Elements including interactive diagrams, cross references, and a new poster of all the original illustrations: Plus an in-depth blog post on how it was made:
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
6 years
Can we predict earthquake aftershock locations with AI? Will machine learning and science go together like chocolate and peanut butter? In Nature today: Or see: (collaboration with Phoebe DeVries, @brendanjmeade , and @viegasf )
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
9 years
Open-source machine learning from Google! Our group contributed visualizations :)
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
Explore your high-dimensional data with a new open-source tool! (I just learned "clever" is quite close to "lazy")
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
If you like visual math, I recommend this lovely thread: e.g., this proof that 1 + 2 + ... + (n-1) = (n choose 2)
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
9 years
Fractions are beautiful! Look for a rainbow of patterns in repeating decimals. http://t.co/JqD775MVkH
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
A minor correction to Bush 43 tenure. Thanks, @xangregg !
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
4 years
Highly recommend Code as Creative Medium by @golan and @tegabrain . It’s a genuinely important book for anyone interested in teaching or learning about algorithms and art. A wonderful mix of theory, practice, and inspiration!
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
11 years
Simple, meditative piece from 1997, updated to run in today's browsers: http://t.co/88k9NGjRSe
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
. @albertocairo @andrewvandam A direct comparison of segments in that graph helps show the pattern in unemployment change.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
5 years
Designing with AI requires a big change in mindset—in my opinion, just as big as when graphical user interfaces were introduced. I'm delighted to announce the People + AI Guidebook, which lays out recommendations for designing human-first AI products.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
5 years
The blog at explores the shape of these representations, with math and visualization. A mysterious “squared distance” effect they found turns out to be surprisingly natural!
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
5 years
Some context: Recently @johnhewtt and @chrmanning discovered certain neural networks (e.g., BERT) build internal geometric representations of syntax trees. It’s beautiful: the full tree is actually embedded in a high-dimensional vector space.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
7 years
A cheerful "hello" from the new GPU-accelerated javascript ML library!
@deeplearnjs
deeplearn.js
7 years
Hello world :) We will be posting updates and new demos for #deeplearnjs here. Send us demos for a chance to be featured on the homepage!
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
9 years
We gave a Rorschach test to four artificial intelligences. Here's what we found...
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
I'm glad people are enjoying this visualization that is powered by free US government climate data :)
@wxrjm
Ricky Matthews
8 years
Beautiful swirling low pressure in the nation's mid-section:
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
9 years
Cute (in every sense) simulation of neural nets evolving: http://t.co/RwdAUcf5eA (via @karpathy ) http://t.co/RfXMlwEfWH
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
4 years
Silver lining of remote meetings: saying something stupid, instantly regretting it, then hearing the response "You're on mute"
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
I marched in DC today. The crowd held energy, power, and hope. This is what "strength in numbers" means!
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
Astonishing detail in this word-by-word map of the brain: (via @michael_nielsen )
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
5 years
What does a neural net see when it looks at an Escher print? Explore illusions in an automatic depth perception system: From @EllenJiang2 , @emilyrreif and @_beenkim
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
7 years
Having this platform for clear, dynamic explanations is incredibly valuable. May all journals look like this one day!
@distillpub
Distill
7 years
Machine Learning Research Should Be Clear, Dynamic and Vivid. Distill Is Here to Help.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
Who visualizes the visualizers? @enjalot does, with a clever use of the new Embedding Projector.
@enjalot
Ian Johnson 💻🔥
8 years
exploring a subset of #d3js blocks organized by API calls with #tsne and PCA using @dsmilkov 's embedding projector
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
3 years
Look at all the ways people draw water in maps! This is just one piece from a beautiful set of tweets spanning design, history, coding, and math—I recommend the whole thread, and the set of notebooks at
@OliviaFVane
Olivia Vane
4 years
Though they aren’t the only way to draw water – water appears as *so many* different kinds of graphics in maps of the past
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
5 years
What does it really mean to design for human/AI collaboration? How can doctors and ML work together effectively? If you're at CHI, go to this talk for some answers! (And if you're not, the paper's online.)
@carriejcai
Carrie Cai
5 years
How can human-centered tools make AI more useful to doctors? I'll be presenting on our #chi2019 paper tomorrow, which won a best paper honorable mention! Human-Centered Tools for Coping with Imperfect Algorithms during Medical Decision-making Monday 11am
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
6 years
Great thread. A good visualization doesn't just transmit data, it also helps people mentally compute with that data. Designers should consider both aspects. This paper sheds light on how different visual encodings affect one common computation people do, namely averaging.
@sharoz
Steve Haroz 📊👁️🧠
6 years
IN PRESS: Perceptual proxies for extracting averages in data visualizations by Lei Yuan, @sharoz , & @SteveFranconeri to appear in Psychonomic Bulletin and Review This work asks how we compare set averages in graphs. 1/ #dataviz #visionscience #ieeevis
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
7 years
Amazing speakers! Watch the PAIR Symposium (People + AI Research) livestream Tuesday, Sept. 26, starting 9:15am ET.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
6 years
Redesign thread: This chart in today's @nytmag is attractive and interesting, but the design gives outer rings way more visual weight than inner ones--and really, outer vs. inner shouldn't matter. I started wondering how much difference this actually makes.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
4 years
How not to color a globe! Did the designer secretly wish certain countries would fall into the ocean?
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
10 years
A periodic table of... elements! The Big Picture group plays with a classic visualization: http://t.co/JfpOtKDJfX
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
3 years
Really feeling that Wasserstein metric as I shovel my driveway
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
A geometrical construction so appealing I had to try it myself, and made these images.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
9 years
MT @svenaxel_ Color use in 88,000 oil paintings since 1800. Seems blue is the new orange. Via @cocteau http://t.co/yySCz0sERj
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
4 years
After reading this article, I wonder... if the 1918 flu had left a bigger cultural footprint, would the world have been more attuned to the risks of a pandemic?
@artnet
Artnet
4 years
The 1918 Spanish Flu wreaked havoc on nearly every country on Earth. So why didn't more artists respond to it in their work?
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
7 years
Wow, such a beautiful way to see (and think about) meteor showers!
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
5 years
Bach to future! Compose your own music, with the help of the AI on today's home page. Great collaboration with the Magenta, Doodle and TensorFlow.js teams. Congrats to all involved!
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
2 years
What are good chart colors to represent past, present, and future? Not looking to "gray out" a prediction, but just represent time.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
4 years
Some images near the radius of convergence of 1 + z + z^2 + z^3 + ...
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
3 years
I wish we talked about global warming in millidegrees. A mere 1.1 degree increase is easy to ignore. A whopping 1,100 millidegrees might feel more like a crisis.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
A map of 9,455,582 services performed by Planned Parenthood in a single year.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
9 years
Epistolary visualization: http://t.co/WJXyqbFOGY Delightful new project from @stefpos and @giorgialupi http://t.co/C2dpWjb6Jt
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
5 years
One of many fascinating insights from the new baby name data that came out today. Read more at !
@NamerologyTalk
Namerology.com
5 years
Alexa is the #1 fastest-falling baby name of the year. Apparently parents don't like the idea of everybody telling their daughter what to do.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
1 year
Toasters have blinking lights, cars have speedometers. Should chatbots have dashboards too? A speculative essay: The System Model and the User Model: Exploring AI Dashboard Design
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
9 years
Automatic visualizations (and verbalizations!) of data. New project from our group, with Google Sheets.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
Creativity is by turns mysterious, suspenseful, and dazzling - and so is @zachlieberman 's story of sketching in code
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
9 years
Historic creative visualizations, via Princeton. The weather maps are a treat. http://t.co/ggACUfV8Qd http://t.co/iymlYb3nLw
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
4 years
The visualizations on this page really are amazing! (Another beautiful link from @infowetrust , whose feed is full of gems like these)
@infowetrust
RJ Andrews
4 years
from Walter Houghton's 1880 political masterpiece 👉see all of his amazing information graphics, just published at
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
1 year
Language models have some beautiful spiral plots reflecting positional patterns. And a vision model has heads that arrange images according to brightness and hues. But there’s a lot more to find! What else can you see?
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
2 years
"A Halloween costume for an introvert" (My prompt; image generated in response by @midjourney AI)
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
12 years
New! The beauty of wind... Live interactive wind visualization: http://t.co/XeMq7DOO
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
5 years
@EllenJiang2 @emilyrreif @_beenkim And what happens when you apply this idea to other artworks across history? Read more here: And try it yourself with this interactive visualization:
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
2 years
I'm teaching with @OpenProcessing for the first time, and am completely impressed with how polished and friendly the system is. Every detail is on point. Last class a student spontaneously said, "OpenProcessing is just so great." I agree!
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
Visualizing the rhymes in Hamilton: a delight for eye, ear, and brain.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
2 years
A thread on using #midjourney to create illustrations for a talk. Very different from art / exploration / whimsy, and an interesting example of human-AI interaction!
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
4 years
Sometimes the simplest visualizations are the most magical. (via @safreitas_c )
@Sydonahi
Dr. Heloise Stevance
4 years
Great visualisation of how convex and concave lenses bring light rays to focus and diverge. #Science #Physics #ScienceFacts
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
4 years
A pair of launches from Google PAIR! Essays on participatory machine learning AI Explorables: visualizations of topics in machine learning
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
Key point in 9th game of world chess championship, as seen by visualization from
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
You can even see what the neural net thinks as you write yourself! Fascinating interactive article from my Google Brain colleagues.
@shancarter
Shan Carter
8 years
See what a neural network is thinking as it models human handwriting!
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
Are you a visual designer interested in machine intelligence and UX? We have an opening!
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
Wow: some of these "image-to-image translation" results from Isola et al. are almost better than reality.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
6 years
Wow, this visualization of New Yorker covers clearly reflects the four Manhattan seasons: spring, beach, autumn, and indoors.
@ben_fry
Ben Fry
6 years
Every cover of The New Yorker, from 1925 to 2018. The horizontal line/artifact comes from the way that they re-run their first cover (and more recently, a variant of it) each year on their anniversary. Much better up close:
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
Chess ray tables make surprisingly pleasant test images.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
2 years
A shiny new name grapher! Full description here: For visualization aficionados: compare the line vs. stacked graph views. Such a contrast, and useful in different ways.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
New results on multilingual neural translation, with hints of a language-independent "interlingua"
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
6 years
I also made a bar chart, for comparison. It's definitely more precise. But as I made it, I realized that what I really wanted to know was, what age do people think it's OK to have a phone? So I made the cumulative chart on the right.
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
8 years
Questions about visualization and machine learning are welcome! @viegasf and I will be part of this Reddit AMA.
@GoogleAI
Google AI
8 years
Got machine learning questions for the Google Brain team? Join our first #RedditAMA tomorrow, August 11 at 10am PT -
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@wattenberg
Martin Wattenberg
14 years
Our new open-source visual timeline: http://hint.fm/blog
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