James Malone
@jamesmalone06
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Sport Scientist | PhD | Mentor | Posts & threads about sports performance and career development for practitioners.
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Joined July 2020
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Understanding training load as exposure and dose.
This recent opinion article from Impellizzeri et al. (2023) discusses the concepts of training load and its subdimensions in line with occupational medicine and epidemiology.
Link to paper:
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High speed and sprint running are crucial for soccer performance. We need to expose players to such velocities during the training week in preparation for match play.
But what training/match ratio exposure to HSR and sprint distance would be appropriate?
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What job do you want in sports science?
This is a question I ask my students every year, with the majority unsure what they want to do.
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Are you interested in doing a PhD in soccer?
I'm looking for an enthusiastic student to join our research group in Liverpool.
The PhD project will focus on determining the optimal recovery strategies for soccer performance.
Email me for further info: malonej2
@hope
.ac.uk
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Here's an image from the legendary coach Jack Daniels in the 1960's.
He is collecting expired air from a runner during a track session.
As you will note, there is no fancy portable VO2 technology used. Just a Douglas bag, a car and manual calculations.
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Should we schedule a rest day on MD+2 in football?
Recent work from
@mart1buch
and colleagues found 2 to 3 times lower overall non-contact injury rates when a rest day (whether off completely or easy recovery session off legs) was scheduled at MD+2.
Study PMID: 36596310
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The prediction of maturity status in adolescent players can a useful tool to optimise development programmes.
This recently published review by Sullivan et al. (2023) helps shed some much needed light on the topic.
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📚 New Research Mondays 📚
A recent study conducted on 147 male professional football players sheds light on the intricate relationship between muscle typology and player performance during the game.
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There is no direct correlation between hours put in and quality of work with sports practitioners.
It's about becoming more efficient with your work.
This can be done using the Eisenhower decision box:
- Do
- Decide
- Delegate
- Delete
Use your time wisely. Become efficient.
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Can junior performance successfully predict future senior performance?
Talent ID processes often incorporate past junior performance in the selection process.
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📚 New Research Mondays 📚
Can match-derived load ratios enhance soccer player fitness assessment?
Schimpchen et al. (2023) explored the science behind it. 🧵
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For those interested in the influence of maturation in youth soccer players, these estimation equation spreadsheets might be useful from our recent paper with
@jay_salter
Boys Metric:
Girls Metric:
Paper:
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📲 Latest speadsheet and tutorial video looking at how to create and use a drill report from GPS data.
Subscribe here 👉
#sportscience
#monitoring
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🚨 New Research Mondays 🚨
New research reveals changing head coaches or staff in elite-level football correlates with increased hamstring injury burden.
📊 Read more:
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Submaximal fitness test (SMFT) outcomes in soccer are measured using diverse technologies and methods.
Understanding the reliability of these measures is crucial for effective sports testing and training.
A new study from Shushan et al. (2023) investigated this notion ⬇️
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In-season speed training can be a balancing act.
For a single-game week, check out this microcycle with varied training emphasis each day.
But when facing busy 2-3 game weeks, use post-match sessions to ensure non-starters get their speed work too.
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I have suffered from burnout 3 times in my career so far.
Once as a PhD student.
Once as a sport scientist doing excessive travelling.
Once as an academic taking on too much at once.
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Want to know more about training periodization in terms of scientific background and application?
Here are 5 key research papers to read:
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🆕 Our latest paper investigating the effects of different cryotherapy doses over a chronic 2-year period on post-match recovery markers in Premier League players
🔗Link (open access) -
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The demands of working in football.
This is such an overlooked area in my opinion.
We focus so much on the players that we often can be guilty of neglecting ourselves.
The role will never be a 9-5, weekends off position.
With practitioners leaving football to seek employment
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Blow flow restriction (BFR) training is a time-efficient way to either maintain or enhance physical qualities.
This recent paper by Davids et al. (2023) presents some practical case studies in which BFR can be used in the real world.
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In youth soccer, biological maturation influences training.
Our article explores estimating peak height velocity, highlighting diverse changes and discussing practical maturation methods.
We also examine adjusting training around PHV for physical development and injury risk.
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What is the impact of extra time on muscle glycogen content in soccer players?
Mohr et al. (2023) found muscle glycogen declined by around 29% on average from baseline to post match. This was reduced by a further 30% following extra time.
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It's not uncommon to witness sport science and medicine practitioners working in silos.
Winning matches is the ultimate goal, but this requires a united approach.
This model by Marques et al. proposes specific KPIs aimed at enhancing performance while mitigating injury risks.
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⚽️ New paper in
@Nutrients_MDPI
discussing nutritional strategies for male soccer players. Nice collaboration with
@Andrew_Hulton1
@Clarke_ND
and Prof Don MacLaren
Open access 👇
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A few years ago I set up several student placements with local amateur level sporting teams.
I emailed the opportunities to students. How many responded?
Two out of 200+ students.
I asked some of the students why they didn't apply.
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🚨 New Research Mondays 🚨
Bortnik and colleagues examined worst-case scenarios in male professional soccer.
The findings highlight the need for coaches to ensure high-velocity actions, such as acceleration and deceleration, are adequately replicated in training sessions.
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Great to see our expert statement in print and online. Pleasure to work with a great team on this one
@atgrainger
@JoeCostelloPhD
@robertallan87
& Chris Bleakley
Link:
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Looking forward to presenting this evening at the
@FootballFitFed
network meeting at
@EITC
Presenting some work from our recent
@basesuk
expert statement on cooling therapies for post-exercise recovery 🥶
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I've been a lecturer for 8 years now. In my view, there are 4 typical types of student:
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Training Load and Injury Incidence in Elite Youth Football ⚽🏆
📚 A recent study delves into this intriguing relationship and uncovers some thought-provoking findings:
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Good to collaborate on our recently published review paper discussing maturity-related considerations when training youth soccer players. Free (open access) link to the paper:
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Congrats to Dr.
@tmacp87
on the defense of his thesis on differential RPE this morning with
@daneaves80
. First examination on zoom too!
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The life of a football practitioner.
Get up 6am, go for a run, write in reflective journal and meditate.
Drive an hour to the training ground.
Take morning pre-hab, catch up with medical and coaching staff.
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Our paper investigating the interchangeability of different athlete tracking systems in soccer is now available (50 free copies) in the latest edition of
@SciMed_Football
with
@MatthewCVarley
@SusanneEllens
@DanielHodges29
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Our latest paper on the effect of the menstrual cycle and hyperglycaemia on hormonal and metabolic responses during exercise is available in the latest issue of
@EJAP_official
(open access)
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How does heart rate response differ across a football season?
This classic study from Jeong et al. (2011) identified the key differences in time spend within each heart rate zone between pre vs in season phases.
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Bridging the gap between GPS data and real impact.
It's crucial that practitioners select the most appropriate metrics in order to translate insights for players and coaches to enhance performance.
We published the below framework to help practitioners with this process.
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Looking to make your players more robust and enhance performance?
Here are 5 key strength exercises in football (a 🧵)
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It's never easy to complete an undergraduate degree.
It's even harder to do this whilst playing professional sport full time.
Congrats to
@kylejamor87
and
@MarkPercival22
graduating last week with a BSc (hons) in PE & Sport Science.
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🚨 New Research Mondays 🚨
Are female youth football players at risk of under-fuelling to cope with training and match demands?
A new study from McHaffie and colleagues investigated this further ⬇️
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Thinking of doing an applied PhD in sport?
Here is a breakdown of my typical day when working full time and doing a full time PhD.
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Lot of sports science roles in football now asking for data visualization experience, particularly with Tableau and Power BI, as part of their job specifications.
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▶️ Free session predictor spreadsheet and tutorial video, easy to set up and use for practitioners. Use your historical training drill data to predict daily loads for planning and coaching discussions.
See more 👉
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✨ Old but Gold! ✨
A key paper during my PhD work by Warren Gregson and colleagues investigating match-to-match variability in the Premier League.
High speed running was found to vary on average by 16.2%, with sprint distance varying by around 30%
DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1247546
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🚨 New research Mondays 🚨
New paper from Bramah et al. (2023) exploring the role of sprint biomechanics in hamstring strain injuries.
Recent research has been delving deep into the mechanics behind these injuries, shedding light on ways to reduce the risk.
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New findings from the Sportsmith English Academy Football Performance Staff Report are eye-opening
- 49% without any accreditation
- Only 17% with UKSCA
- A mere 5% have BASES
- Just 8% hold both
But why?
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Small sided games (SSGs) can be an excellent way to train soccer players across the different core areas of coaching (technical/tactical, physical, psychological and social).
Here are 5 tips on how to manipulate SSGs effectively 🧵
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Check out our recent paper with
@chrisptowlson
@jay_salter
@JackAde2
@LHarper89
@RichardPage02
and Kevin Enright 👇👇
👦⚽️🎗️📢 Maturity-associated considerations for training load, injury risk, and physical performance in youth soccer: One size does not fit all
#youth
#soccer
#Training
#injury
Check it out
@JSHS_MedHealth
📰:
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🆕 Great to see our invited review on carbohydrate and exercise published pre-print in
@EJAP_official
(open access)
Always nice to collaborate with good colleagues
@Andrew_Hulton1
Prof. Don MacLaren
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I gained work experience at non-league football clubs before eventually landing my dream role at Liverpool FC.
You can't expect to go straight from the classroom to working with the best players in the world.
Work hard, build up over time and the rewards will come.
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How do you deal with conflict in football?
The Thomas-Kilmann instrument provides a useful framework of how to approach different situations involving conflict.
Often we let our egos and pride get in the way of conflict resolution by either competing or avoiding.
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▶️ New survey paper looking at soccer practitioners perceptions of recovery 🔋
Check out the study here 👉
#sportscience
#research
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▶️ Free Athlete Availability tutorial and spreadsheet, use to track your individual athlete and team availability scores across the season.
See more 👉
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Our recent article published in
@SciMed_Football
on player tracking systems interchangeability has 50 free eprints available 👇
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Our invited review in
@EJAP_official
on exogenous carbohydrate use during exercise is now available in final print (free Open Access) 👇👇
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First paper from
@JakeAshton_97
looking at immediate effects of repeated ball heading on cognitive performance published in latest
@SciMed_Football
issue. 50 free online copies available below 👇
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Pleased to join the
@SENregister
as an academic associate - looking forward to continuing our research in sports nutrition 👍
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Pleased to publish our latest research paper with
@WilliamESwallow
@RichardPage02
and Neil Skidmore looking at the training load practices in semi-professional soccer.
Link to the free open access article here:
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Thanks for having me on
@BC_performance
👍
#154
is with Senior Sport Science Lecturer at
@LiverpoolHopeUK
@jamesmalone06
James discussed:
📖The transition to academia
🥵Managing/Avoiding burnout
🤝Mentoring
👀What to look for in a mentor
& much more!
🎧👉
📺👉
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Finally got round to updating the YouTube site, tutorial videos on there around athlete monitoring and tools for sports science academics. Appreciate checking it out and subscribing! 📲
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The main response was along the lines of 'I want to work for Liverpool/Man Utd'.
Students often don't realise that to reach those levels, you need to prove yourself first.
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3 resources everyone should read/listen about translating your message to athletes:
1. Bartlett et al. (2020) paper:
2. Conscious Coaching book:
3. Interview with Ian McKeown:
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During the in-season phase, consistency is key.
Avoid loading spikes or underloading to prevent injuries and underperformance.
Establish upper and lower load limits based on historical data for each day to ensure players get the right load.
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⚽️ Our latest paper in partnership with
@FA
evaluating youth coaches perspectives of heading guidelines
▫️ 43% 'somewhat aware' of the guidelines
▫️ 27% said it changed their original practice
▫️ Lack of research and playing tactics main barriers
Link:
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Great evening at the inaugural
@LJMUFootball
@Everton
intern alumni event followed by presenting at
@FootballFitFed
network event 🗣
Even managed to get home to watch the reds bag two late goals 😄
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Cold water immersion: A periodisation approach in football.
Many players will use the cold to recover from training and matches.
While use will vary between player, its important to have a periodised framework in place.
Kudos to
@DrRobinThorpe
for his work in this area.
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Great to see our groups research on football heading highlighted in todays Daily Telegraph.
@HopeSportExSci
Research finds that 20 ‘normal’ headers with a modern synthetic ball was enough to make most players fail a pitchside concussion test |
@JWTelegraph
writes about the study at Liverpool Hope University and what results mean amid football's dementia crisis
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We tend to overcomplicate the notion of training load when it comes to programme planning.
I like this simple description of different types of training load by Viru & Viru (2001).
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📢 New monthly series discussing the latest research in athlete monitoring and sports performance, with the aim of helping to disseminate into practice.
Subscribe 👉
Listen 👇
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New paper investigating the validity of an updated metabolic power calculation based on the principles of the di Prampero model
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GPS data is everywhere, but are we maximizing its potential for decision-making?
Specialist roles like 'GPS analyst' have emerged, yet some practitioners struggle to make GPS data impactful for coaches.
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Finding a job in football is not about what you know, it's who you know.
It's about being proactive with your approach.
- Network with people
- Build a social media presence
- Be speculative by direct messaging
Knowledge + Proactivity = Enhance chance of employment
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50 free online copies available of our latest study looking at the immediate effects of soccer heading on cognitive performance
@SciMed_Football
🔗
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New online athlete monitoring system (AMS) course available online, ideal for students and new practitioners working in performance sport. Featuring:
◾️ Database set up
◾️ Tracking athlete perioidisation
◾️ Team Reporting
Subscribe here 👉
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Between 9000 to 15000 students will exit sports science undergraduate courses each year.
Here are 3 ways you can stand out from the crowd:
🧵
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Don't make the same mistakes I did.
Check out my free guide on how to avoid burnout and become more robust in your career:
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6 websites every practitioner looking for a job in football should know about:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
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What do coaches want to know?
This is a question that can often be made overcomplicated by performance staff.
I always liked the simplicity of the Football Manager game's player status dashboard.
What makes up the headlines is debatable, but the idea is useful.
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MD-2 in football is often seen as a 'tapering' type day with reduced load in comparison to the previous days within the microcycle.
But it can be a tricky one to find the balance of load vs preparedness.
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Congrats to
@JakeAshton_97
on your first publication, first of many in your career I'm sure!
@SciMed_Football
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▶️ Free 90% max speed tracker tutorial and spreadsheet, use to track your athletes exposure to high speeds over a longitudinal period.
See more 👉
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At the same time, data visualization is great, but understanding the numbers and being able to strike up a conversation with key stakeholders are more valuable skills.
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Head to bed at 11pm to do it all again tomorrow.
This is life in football. All for 20k a year for some. It's important upcoming practitioners understand the realities of what working in professional sport can be like.
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▶️Infographic: Tapering and Repeated High Intensity Effort ability in elite rugby union: Influence of pre-taper fatigue level 🏉
@VachonAdrien
@LaurentBosquet
See more 👉
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New video on the YouTube page discussing some experiences reviewing for journals over the years, aimed at PhD students/early career academics
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🚨 We are looking for sports science/medicine practitioners, coaches and athletes to complete a short online survey on their perceptions of using cold for exercise recovery! 🥶
🔗 Link to Survey -
Please RT and share thank you :)
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🏋️♂️⚖️ Balancing Stress and Recovery: The Heart of Athlete Well-Being ⚖️🏋️♀️
In the fast-paced world of sports, we often hear the phrase "no pain, no gain." While hard work and determination are essential, it's equally crucial to recognize the significance of balance.
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With undergraduate courses still focusing on traditional software's for data analysis such as SPSS, is it time for sports science programmes to reconsider their approach?
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Thanks to
@IMeasureU
for the invite recently to discuss some of the considerations around training load and adaptation in soccer.
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Using appropriate sports technology products is essential to optimize performance, prevent injuries, and monitor progress accurately.
Here are key steps to ensure you use these products effectively:
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New paper in
@_JSAMS
highlighting importance of being hydrated prior to intermittent soccer exercise in the heat. Possible additive benefit of ice water dousing on repeated sprint performance
@courteneybenj
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Having a life outside of work is so important for mental health.
For some, its their family, kids, spouse.
For others, it can be a hobby like playing guitar.
Having a life outside of sport isn't a weakness. It is a sign of good mental health.
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Finding a job in football can be difficult.
Knowing how the industry works is crucial for recent graduates and existing practitioners.
Here's how to find a job in football using different approaches:
🧵
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▶️ Infographic: UEFA elite club injury study - analysis across 18 seasons. Injury incidence gradually decreased, but muscle injuries remains constant.
See more 👉
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🔔 PARTICIPANTS WANTED - we are looking for UK-based grassroots football coaches (any qualification level) to fill out our short survey on the FAs guidelines around football heading.
Link to Survey🔗
Please RT and share!
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Seeing number of hours worked as a badge of honour is wrong.
It's about maintaining a healthy life and enjoyment across your career.
This includes:
- Quality sleep
- Optimal nutrition
- Physical conditioning and recovery
Positive mindset + healthy habits = robust practitioner
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Sports practitioners neglect their own health.
We are focused so much on our athletes, what about ourselves?
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