Gérard L. F. Chouin
@glchouin
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Margaret Hamilton Associate Professor of African History, William & Mary Co-director of the Ife-Sungbo Archaeological Project
Williamsburg, VA
Joined April 2016
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African students legally registered in Ukrainian universities, who are fleeing the conflict, are banned from crossing the Polish border with other refugees. We need to welcome these young scholars in Europe, now and unconditionally. Stop the non sense.
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I will never forget that my doctor in Ghana in the 1990s was a fabulous young man trained in Kiev and married to a Moldavian nurse. A fantastic doctor and surgeon. Thinking of them right now.
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Tonight, I reveived a gift from Kabiesi. I am honored.
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The 8th sesson of the Ife-Sungbo Archaeological Project has started.
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Started investigating an array of features usually found at Ile-Ife on lateritic outcrops.
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Two levels of pavememt: one in stone and one of potsherds. Ita Yemoo 2023.
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I have lost count of the days, but here are a few working pictures with some of our findings and activities at Ita Yemoo (pavement complex) and at Oduduwa (pits and pottery in situ).
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@jacek_dulinski
No fake news here. I know fake news, I teach about them. By the time this tweet was sent (more than 24h ago), problem was real and verified. Multiple sources and cross-checked testimonies at the border. If the problem has now been solved, say it as it is.
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In 1959, Willett photographed a pavement discovered in the "Siemens trench" at Lafogido, near Wunmojie compound, Ile-Ife. Note the depression in the forefront, which could well be a posthole. Such pavements are ubiquitous at Ile-Ife, and were made between the 12 and the 14th c.
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Today, the depositional history of the Ita Yemoo site became much clearer. So far, five levels have been identified, which document transformations in the use of the space at the site, over the last 800 years. Excitingly, there are probably even older features under the pavements
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In 1958, F. Willett organized a rescue archaeological excavation on the site of St-David, Ile-Ife. He uncovered a spectacular pavement made of stones and potsherds, and a unique evidence of drainage using a tuyere-like terracotta pipe. Willett papers, Glasgow University Archives.
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Last effort, last day. A pit under a pavement. Oduduwa College, Ile-Ife.
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@KristeninAlmo
What I heard is that they were put aside because Ukrainian refugees were 'priority.' Hopefully, it will get better as clearer instructions reach the border.
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Sungbo's Eredo at Eredo Epe, which has long been the main access point for visitors from Lagos, with its massive trenches immortilized by Darling, is seriously impacted by logging and construction. So sad to this this world-class site dying a slow death in general indifference.
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View of the site today, Aug. 15, 2024. Pit 1 is now at 2.35m deep. Still going.
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The 2024 Ife-Sungbo Archaeological Project's team (almost complete)
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Much material and pavements coming out at Ita Yemoo today! Photo by Stanley Nwosu.
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Large scatters of local pottery today at Ita Yemoo. Photo by Léa Roth.
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Seven years after encouraging a young Nigerian archaeologist to apply to the graduate program of the Dept of Anthropology at W&M, we meet today to find out how he is doing, 491 pages later. (No suspense, he is doing very well...)
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The 2023 team of the Ife-Sungbo Archaeological Project.
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Last picture before we paused excavations for one day of rest. Pic by Stanley Nwosu.
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Oduduwa: pots removed and sent to storage waiting for content analysis; dressing of second pit in progress - drawing to start tomorrow; Ita Yemoo: cleaning in progress but rains do not help.
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Our pits are becoming deep shafts. Water cisterns? Mining shafts? How deep are they? We hope answers are waiting for us down there.
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We reached the bottom of our two pits, respectively at 432cm and 564 cm below the surface. Now has come the time to dress the profiles, starting with the one on the right of the trench. Niyi's skills in dressing profiles are outstanding.
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Water started appearing yesterday at about 2.3 m below the surface. We go down.
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Our plane is back in the sky of Lagos and Ogun States, and this time, we got a couple of sunny days... enough to collect LiDAR data for 60% of our targeted landmass. 40% left...
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Today I received the report for 4 new radiocarbon dates from Ife that are going to make a bit of noise! Can't say more right now, but it is exciting!
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@ltychoniec
@terepaneque
Dozens of sources and cross-checked testimonies are telling us there is a problem. I might not be able to fully analyze what is going on, but I can recognize there is a problem that needs to be addressed. If positive actions were taken to solve the issues, let us know.
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Just received a couple of calls from Nigeria. It would seem we received the long-awaited authorization to fly over the Sungbo's Eredo monument to collect LiDAR data. So exciting. I pray for no more blockroads. It is going to be huge! Will keep everyone updated.
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Participants to our ongoing workshop on Sungbo's Eredo LiDAR data went to a short tour of the Eredo. This photograph was taken as we emerged from the trench, eyes still full of wonders and sadness.
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Excavation of a room remembered as a glass bead workshop (ca 1950?).
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Presentation of the Ife-Sungbo Archaeological Project in Paris in presence of the Vice-Chancelors of UI and OAU. Thank you to my colleagues Adisa Ogunfolakan, Léa Roth and Cécile de Seréville for giving life to our ppt presentation so brilliantly.
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Happy birthday dance at Ita Yemoo by Prof. ADISA Ogunfolakan, co-director of the Ife-Sungbo Archaeological Project. Happy birthday to him!
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Removal of the large scatter of ceramics started today after consolidation, while a crew is filming for Arte!
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Carole Acquaviva has developped a technique to lift fragments of potsherd pavement for conservation. She will be discussing this technique with Nigerian curators next week during our workshop on the conservation of potsherd pavements.
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3.30m. Bottom reached. Kudos to the team. We took many soil samples, and next year, we will analyze them. In the meantime, we can say that water accumulates at the bottom. A comparison with local well shows similar depth. But why so many wells in 10 sq m?
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Days 8 and 9. At Ita yemoo, a feature was excavated on the pavement complex, possibly a small shrine. At Oduduwa, we worked on excavating 3 pits for flotation, and reealed the full extent of pavements in unit F,K,L,M.
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The LiDAR survey of Sungbo's Eredo was successfully completed yesterday. Thank to all of our colleagues and friends who remained supportive despite many delays.
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Just published: an important article on wheat and cotton in medieval contexts at Ile-Ife.
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Tha Aban, a stone building finished in 1822 and turned into a museum by Asantehene Osei Bonsu who had heard about the British Museum from Thomas E. Bowdich during an embassy to Asante in 1817. Destroyed in 1874 during the first sack of Kumasi by the British.
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A small portion of Sungbo's Eredo and river bed going through.
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Last week Friday, Dare traveled from Manchester to meet us in Glasgow. One of the best field archaeologists I have come to work with, he is another great product from the University of Ibadan. We had not met since 2019 fieldwork at Ile-ife. We had tea and scones; I felt blessed.
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In 3 days, I analyzed 1994 sherds from Oduduwa College, 2019-2022. Many more to go, but it is encouraging. Thank you to Michela and Mo, fantastic helping hands, and will soon be able to analyze the material on their own... will give the final count at the end of the season!
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On going round-table discussion on Sungbo's Eredo LiDAR data at Augustine University at Ilara: relevance, ownership and access.
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Talk on Oriki at William & Mary by Prof. Adisa Ogunfolakan.
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Now officially appointed the Margaret Hamilton Associate Professor of History at William & Mary for three years. Thank you to my colleagues and students for appreciating and supporting my scholarship and teaching.
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We are done with mapping, and profile drawing at Ita Yemoo. We started backfilling in the evening. We use a layer of river sand which should be easy to remove with a broom when we reopen the area, then a plastic film, then soil excavared from the area.
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Archaeobotany at Ile-Ife
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@YorubaNationCH
We dated the site from the last decades of the 14th c. to the first decades of the 15th c. On the basis of 12 radiocarbon dates obtained at Ilara. We will soon publish a article with details.
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Day 6, still at Ita Yemoo. More pavements (some stones, some of potsherd) coming out. The area under investigation is becoming larger everyday as an ancient Ife complex is coming to light. More cleaning needed tomorrow before we expand further.
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Sungbo's Eredo follow-up. When the eredo comes out with a very strong topographic signature. This section of the eredo passes through a palm oil plantation.
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Got this in the mail today. I can't believe it is out! Well done Lori Jones! Not an easy chapter to write. I hope some will find it useful.
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First processed LiDAR data of the Sungbo's Eredo survey delivered by Woolpert. More to come by the end of the month. Final data to be presented in Lagos State in August 2024.
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View of the pavement excavated by Willett at St-David in 1958.
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Our panel this year for SAfA 2023 (1): my intro and presentation on the chronology of the Ife city walls
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Lots of mapping, drawing of stratigraphic profiles and collection of samples today. Fieldwork will soon come to an end!
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I am researching snakes and mudfish coming out of nostrils in terracotta and bronze works from Ife, Benin (Nigeria), and the so-called Lower Niger. If you know studies or references that might be useful, please pitch in! I am interested in possible meanings, metaphors, etc.
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Came out of the pit exhausted! But what a pleasure to feel the breeze again!
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Archaeologists, what king of roulette produces this design?
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One step in processing LiDAR data from Sungbo's Eredo. Can you locate the Eredo? Is there any other feature you could see?
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@CharismaticGabu
A simple contribution to the history of this part of Africa, and an opportunity to train and interact with l
Young scholars from the land.
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@samcenaexe
Ile-Ife is waiting for you8? In the meantime, I am one small part of a large team of more than 30 researchers including many sons and daughters of the soil.
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This is not inspired by da Vinci's last supper. You can be Christian and cultured. As a Christian, you should be able to recognize there is nothing about Christianity here. If you see anything Christian here, it means you do not understand your/this faith.
Some are angry about the "anti-Christian depiction of the last supper" at the Olympic Opening ceremony. (
@elonmusk
and
@realDonaldTrump
among others)
A Dutch art historian explains it's not the last supper but a Dutch painting of the Olympic gods.
And I explain what I loved.
🧵
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Preserving medieval potsherd pavements at Ile-Ife
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There are only ten buildings left that are standing illustrations of what used to be widespread 19th c. Ashanti architecture. This one is in Patakro, Adansi. Mindblowing.
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@gorilla__pimp
We are not too sure. Ile-Ife is full of pits like this. They have not often been investigated. Our hypothesis: some industrial features possibly connected to early glass manufacturing.
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Afterhour enjoyment for our team. With the Fujicologist!
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First day. We meet with new and returning volunteers, we look at the site, Amanda mounts our flotation machine, we take pictures and, of course, we understand nothing will take place the way we thought it would. We draft plan B. Fieldwork as a human adventure, has started.
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Celebtrating the life and work of the late Segun Moyib, a pillar of the Ife-Sungbo Archaeological Project.
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An image prepared by W&M Center for Geospatial Analysis, derived from the LiDAR data collected by Woolpert for our team, with funding from a US Ambassador's Grant for Cultural Preservation Grant (2019-2024).
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Days 4 and 5. Every unit has its potsherd pavement. Actually one long and narrow potsherd pavement next to a stone pavement. This is not without reminding us of the unpublished excavation of the 'grid' by Willett at Ita Yemoo in 1963.
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Analyzing potsherds at ife
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@JanJaweed343111
A pit on the top of which a potsherd pavement was built. We are in contexts of tge 12-14th c. CE.
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My friend and colleague Adisa Ogunfolakan is visiting us at W&M!
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"Cities in Africa before 1900. Historiography and Research Perspectives," English translation now available. Introduction to "Power in the City," a special issue of Afrique (2020). Co-authored with Clélia Coret and Roberto Zaugg.
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Rain=mud=long day but productive thanks to the excavator,only safe way to go down the pit when everything is slippery.
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Update LiDAR. We now estimate that we have now gotten data for 75-80% of the landmass targetted.
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My work with the archives left behind by some of the many archaeologists who dug at Ile-Ife convinced me of the importance to prepare an archive of the Ife-Sungbo Archaeological Project. In 2022, I worked with the SWEM Library to digitize and share our basic field records.
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Third day. Cleaning of old foundation trenches done. Stone pavement visible in the western and eastern sections of Trench IYG1. Potsherd pavement in Trench IYG2. We started 2 new units. We also had a visit from officials from NCMM. Carole led experiments on pavements.
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We are currently conducting a series of experiments at Ita Yemoo with different non destructive survey methods implemented by colleagues from the Department of Geology, OAU, to check if we can remotely pinpoint the presence/absence of pavements below the surface.
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Saison is over. Time for our fantastic team to disband.
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Patrick Darling - the colossal figure in Nigerian archaeology - died in March 2016. Last week, at the invitation of Lisa Darling, his widow, we spent three days at his home, sorting and packaging his papers.
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Music in Africa and its diffision during the early modern period. Call for paper.
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As Europeans, we stand for Ukraine, but we don't take a stand against the Russian people. We condemn a criminal regime, led by a man who has used assassination, imprisonment, lies, threats, corruption, and blunt force against all freedoms to maintain himself in power.
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@funshographix
For clarification about the term Yoruba, I suggest reading Falola, T. 2006. “The Yorùbá Nation.” In Falola, T. & Genova, A. (eds),
Yorùbá Identity and Power Politics. University of Rochester Press, Chapter 1. A good reading is always better than some guesswork.
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We are so proud of the achievements of our PhD candidate Olanrewaju Blessing Lasisi! May you rise high above your teachers!
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Like always, SAfA was a concentré of good people. So much so that most of the time, I forgot I had a camera in my pocket.
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Last night, I added the last touch to a forthcoming chapter entitled "Landscapes of Health and Disease in Tropical Africa before the Colonial Era." What a demanding piece! Lori Jones, the volume's editor, was wonderfully patient and supportive. So glad to have made it to the end.
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One of my daughters has been traced to one school volunteer who tested positive to COVID-19. Today is day 1 of 14 days of self-containment for our whole household of 5. Thank you Virginia for keeping schools open when we shouted to close them down a week ago.
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