I want to share a new(ish) paper with
@nonso2
on prison labor and police that was accepted for presentation at the
@nberpubs
DAE SI and took over 2 years of archival data collection: But before the results, some background on why we wrote this paper: 1/n
The path to US citizenship is not easy (understatement, as my fellow immigrants know) but 22 years of school/work and thousands of dollars in application fees later, happy to announce that I am now a citizen of the United States of America 🥳
As a 'development economist', I've always been somewhat uncomfortable with the title, due to its imperialist history. It's important to ask 'development for who'?And if the answer is not one that respects the dignity of poor/marginalized people,then we're doing actual harm/wrong
Extremely happy to announce that I've been officially promoted to Associate Professor with tenure
@BarnardCollege
. Thank-you very much to everyone in the department
@barnardecon
and all who've provided support in the profession and beyond over the last few years 1/2
Just received very useful piece of advice on a research project from a superb, amazing senior economist that I really admire: "Not every paper needs to be about causality". We can still do good, important research that is not focused on estimating causal effects
#EconTwitter
After weeks of teaching on Zoom and years of research on inequality, I’ve been thinking a lot about how Zoom essentially provides windows of inequality and literally highlights unequal backgrounds of our students. This is concerning for a few reasons: 1/n
It's the start of the semester and she's not on twitter, but I'm incredibly happy/delighted/overjoyed to welcome Ebonya Washington as a colleague
@columbia_econ
@Columbia
!! An absolutely brilliant scholar and economist and a truly fantastic addition to the CU community! 🥳
Happy to announce that I've been appointed as a Faculty Research Fellow at NBER
@nberpubs
and very excited to participate further as part of the Development program! Thank-you very much to everyone who nominated me and I very much appreciate all your support!
3 lessons I've learned so far as a Black woman in academia/econ: 1. don’t let folks gaslight you- yes that person was being racist/sexist, doesn’t matter if they’re 'like that to everyone' 2. It’s ok to say no 3. Dust yourself off after journal rejections, your work is important
A friend told me that Black women are only 2%(!) of tenured faculty in the US, and I, as an early 30s millennial who got her Phd at 25, went from arriving here as a poor Nigerian immigrant to being a tenured US citizen economics professor. Truly a started from the bottom story
Black folks: post a true, non-humble, flex about yourself that you’d never say out loud because you have couth.
I wanna see Ya’ll BRAG on what your Ancestors have rendered!
Me: I’m one the best thinkers, writers and speakers of my generation.
New evidence that diversity matters for health: "Our findings suggest black doctors could help reduce cardiovascular mortality by 16 deaths per 100,000 per year — leading to a 19% reduction in the black-white male gap in cardiovascular mortality"
Black men who (randomly) see a black doctor (rather than non-black one) choose to take up more of the suggested care, such as flu shots.
Super impressive field experiment -- involved setting up + running a medical clinic in Oakland! Ungated copy:
We are working on a paper on ethnic and gender bias in hiring and saw this very interesting AEJ paper: "Discriminators are on average willing to forego 8 percent of their earnings to avoid a coworker of the other ethnic type. The evidence suggests that animus [explains this]"
Happy Black History Month- today I want to talk about protests, and specifically whether protests can work to influence economic redistribution using evidence from our newish paper here: 1/n
Can I just ask that any fellow economists newly interested in studies on race do a deep dive into the Review of Black Political Economy
@RevBlkPolEcon
and properly cite the Black economists that have been doing this research for decades, thanks
#EconTwitter
I love that economists are now interested in race but I am not keen on the recent string of papers using quasi-experimental methods to test for racial bias, using bail as the setting. For one, their model of bail setting behavior is wrong, which makes the inference wrong. 1/
Happy new year! In this new year let me encourage researchers on Africa (esp economists) to cite African scholars. If you say you are doing work on " 'x' in 'Africa' '', your review is incomplete if you don't have at least a few African scholars in your references
#EconTwitter
Happy Black History Month. I've been thinking about protests for a few years now. Below are 2 papers that are the culmination of 4+ years of research and archival work. TLDR: Does protest matter? Well your government may not respond the way you want, but your kids might
There were/are no good colonizers. There is no such thing as a good colonialist. Repeating this for next time I present our research about the British exploitation of forced prison labor in Africa and someone asks if they were "better than the French or the Belgians though?"...
More than 50 years after Kenya gained independence, details of the horrific atrocities committed by the British colonial government are still coming to light.
Now showing on
@Aljazeera
, A Very British Way of Torture is a must watch.
@DinaPomeranz
The funniest thing to me was talking to a labor economist about this paper and our experiments in online labor markets, who was very interested until I mentioned that it was in Nigeria, after which his eyes glazed over and he told me to talk to the 'development people' instead 😂
Academia is a strange and interesting world- perhaps the only place where folks will demand your unpaid labor and then frame it as if they're doing you a favor 😂
Final new paper of the day, stop by our session in 30 mins to hear about how negative news about Pfizer's 1996 epidemic drug trials on children in Nigeria set back global polio eradication efforts by over a decade
@ASSA2021
We’ll be presenting 3 papers (with excellent co-authors
@ucheekhator
,
@fannan2316
) on epidemics at the
@ASSAMeeting
this week (fingers crossed for stable internet access in Lagos). Stop by our panels for a great set of new research on epidemics. Comments welcome and appreciated.
It’s been a tough year and I’ve been getting a ton of questions/media requests to explain how epidemics can increase inequalities around race and gender. So re-posting this paper with
@fannan2316
for reference. We wanted to understand how epidemics affect gender inequality 1/n
One of my favorite recent papers illustrating the importance of racial diversity for human capital outcomes in AER
@AEAjournals
- conclusion: yes, diversity does matter for health and "black doctors could reduce the black-white male gap in cardiovascular mortality by 19%" 1/n
Said it before but the way the US treats its Black citizens has consequences for Black people globally. This is why Black Lives Matter as a movement is so crucial
In celebration of Women's Day, everyone, especially economists, should read "Who Cooked Adam Smith's Dinner" by
@katrinemarcal
: Thought provoking and absolutely hilarious analysis of how women,and the marginalization of women shaped economics
#EconTwitter
PSA to all scholars-please read and cite Black scholars.Especially when studying a topic that has been studied extensively by Black scholars. No you did not invent the topic/question and to pretend otherwise is negligence at best, willful misrepresentation at worst
#EconTwitter
I know we tend to undervalue teaching relative to research in the econ profession, but just took a look at my evaluations from last year, and was heartened by the lovely comments from students about how much they enjoyed learning in my classes despite the online environment 1/n
I've spent the past few months travelling in West Africa, doing research and talking with private sector and policy makers. 3 realizations:
1. Ghana has an amazing airport, a truly inspiring model of economic development, also some of the nicest immigration officials I've met
Here we go again in 2022 with the almost predictable, at this point, attacks on the scholarship of accomplished Black women. Dr Lisa Cook is a fantastic scholar, economist and all round human being, and the Fed frankly would be fortunate to have her as a member
1/ Lisa Cook is an accomplished economist and creative thinker. Having read many of her papers and had numerous opportunities to interact with her, I am certain she will be an outstanding member of the Federal Reserve Board, assuming bad faith attacks do not prevail.
Happy to report that our paper with
@BSangafowaCoul
and
@NOIweala
on Washington Consensus Reforms in Sub-Saharan Africa is now out in the
@AEAjournals
Journal of Economic Perspectives here:
"Whenever white folks receive something from the government it's never referred to as a handout"-
@SandyDarity
presenting excellent, important work on reparations owed to Black-Americans in the US at the
#PennRaceAndEcon
conference
Settling in for a very intensive resubmit at a top journal and I am heartened both by the support of senior colleagues and the story of the publication of
@drlisadcook
's fantastic, groundbreaking paper on the effects of lynchings on economic activity:
Excellent new paper by
@SandyDarity
,
@DarrickHamilton
, Myers, Price and Xu in
@ILRReview
refutes previous research on racial differences in Black-White work effort as an explanation for the racial wage gap. Hoping the ‘Are Black people lazy” type research ends with 2021
We're pleased to welcome
@Belindaarch
and
@D_E_Resnick
as our newest Rubenstein Fellows. We look forward to supporting their important work on political economy and development with a special focus on Africa.
Lessons from econ/academia pt2: My Nigerian/African self is always happy to see carefully done economics work on African countries. But also need 4 regular reminders for students/colleagues/myself that: 1.There is, in fact, no such thing as an Africa expert 1/n
3 lessons I've learned so far as a Black woman in academia/econ: 1. don’t let folks gaslight you- yes that person was being racist/sexist, doesn’t matter if they’re 'like that to everyone' 2. It’s ok to say no 3. Dust yourself off after journal rejections, your work is important
The Opportunity & Inclusive Growth Institute is pleased to announce its 6th cohort of visiting scholars. These outstanding researchers bring new ideas and insights that contribute to our understanding of how to enhance economic opportunity and well-being for all.
I think we don’t talk enough about the absolute disrespect and aggression directed at Black women globally, because just got back from a conference in Rome and whew, that was a trip, and not in a fun way, which is why I have a new proposal for academic conferences 1/n
PSA, one of the things I learned as a student/now tell my students is how to request a reference letter. 4 steps: 1. Remember to phrase your email as a request not a demand,this is a favor you are requesting from the letter writer who is time constrained 1/n
#AcademicTwitter
To truly diversify the economics profession, we need to promote the work of Black scholars by citing Black economists. Especially when it comes to crucial work on race and the intersection of race and gender that Black economists have pioneered for decades
#EconTwitter
'We only rent to foreigners not Nigerians', 'we don't rent to single women', 'we don't rent to lawyers', 'who is your pastor?': Actual words from Nigerian landlords to prospective tenants in Lagos, Nigeria. Truly incredible, also a huge research project here
#EconTwitter
Our paper on "Climate Change, Epidemics and Inequality”/new go-to citation on the links between climate, epidemics and inequality is now out at the Review of Environmental Economics and Policy
@ReepAere
here:
In time for the end of COP27 (+ ~ Twitter?),happy to share our paper on“Climate Change, Epidemics and Inequality”/new go-to citation on the links between climate, epidemics and inequality is conditionally accepted at the Review of Environmental Economics and Policy
@ReepAere
1/n
I once had coffee with a famous white economist who I was excited to meet for the first time,who then proceeded to,abruptly,tell me about how though she had been mugged once by a Black man, she tried to feel no animosity towards Black people...I'd just wanted to talk research...
It’s not just your experience, it’s true.
Even though +95% of black people AREN’T criminals, numerous studies show that white people’s perception of crime rate is related to the number of black people they see.
The best of these studies is here:
Many insightful critiques of economics circulating recently, but I will say I definitely had fun teaching dominant strategy equilibria using both Squid Game and Law and Order SVU today, not sure how many other fields let you do that
#EconTwitter
In the spirit of these critiques, hoping that 2022 marks the end of the trend of development economists taking pictures of/with other people's children in African countries for their research pages/presentations (same for those pictures with the "natives" in "the field")
Seriously, I can't stop looking at this photo and thinking wasn't there anyone in their PR team who warned Will and Kate 'it's not a good idea to look like colonial slave masters' 🤔
Presenting this paper with
@fannan2316
on how Pfizer's 1996 epidemic drug trials in Nigeria set back child vaccination+global polio eradication efforts by over a decade with potential costs borne by population>>Pfizer settlement
@NBER
health SI today 1/n:
In case folks are at or around Yale
@Yale
tomorrow, I will be presenting my paper with
@nonso2
on the economics of prison labor, the price of prisons and the lasting effects of incarceration at the Econ History seminar:
New paper draft with
@fannan2316
on how Pfizer's 1996 epidemic drug trials on Nigeria set back global polio eradication efforts by over a decade is now online here: A short paper thread 1/n:
Final new paper of the day, stop by our session in 30 mins to hear about how negative news about Pfizer's 1996 epidemic drug trials on children in Nigeria set back global polio eradication efforts by over a decade
@ASSA2021
PSA- please don't confuse the names of the 2 Black students in your class. We all make mistakes, but when it's constant behavior, it can be really demoralizing to students if it seems that the professor can't be bothered to differentiate between the 2 Black students in class...
In anticipation of fall planning, posting my personal PSA that as a Black woman scholar, I request to not be invited to any committees seeking "diverse voices" that don't want to have serious (`uncomfortable') conversations about race/racism, gender/sexism and misogynoir. Thanks
Taught a course on credit markets today, and had to resist my cultural urge to use Nigerianisms like "if someone borrows you money" which actually means "if someone lends you money" 😂 cc
@oyebolaoo
@makispoke
To all our Black students, as I tell my students (and myself) regularly, you are excellent, you are fantastic and that is why you are in that prestigious Econ/Ivy/program etc. And to quote one of my favorite movies, 'anyone who tells you differently is selling something'
I'm going to go ahead and say it: Being Black and in grad school is rough.
People question your "Blackness"
Everyone assumes you are an undergrad.
People assume you made it because of affirmative action
No one looks like you
#AcademicTwitter
#BlackTwitter
#EconTwitter
Join us 10/15 for the Institute's fall research conference. The keynote panel, "Race in Economic Research: From One Dimension to Many," will look at how researchers can enrich and expand their study of questions related to race in economics.
In time for the end of COP27 (+ ~ Twitter?),happy to share our paper on“Climate Change, Epidemics and Inequality”/new go-to citation on the links between climate, epidemics and inequality is conditionally accepted at the Review of Environmental Economics and Policy
@ReepAere
1/n
It was great presenting our paper with
@fannan2316
on the effects of negative news on vaccine compliance at the LACDev conference
@oberlincollege
. Thanks to
@epkresch
for helpful comments and for organizing a fantastic conference as well- was so nice to see everyone in person
I will be presenting and discussing research at 4 excellent sessions on policy interventions to close gender gaps in labor markets, environmental justice, labor coercion, and labor markets in Africa- all topics I work on, so looking forward to excellent sessions
@ASSAMeeting
The economist Lisa Cook was confirmed as the first Black woman on the Federal Reserve Board in a historic moment for the central bank as it tries to stabilize a recovery that serves all Americans.
Between anti-Black racism in the justice/policing system and COVID, it’s been a long, exhausting year+ in the US.Ahead of the elections, just going to re-up this paper from Ebonya Washington and
@ikuziemko
and hope no one ever mentions the words"economic anxiety"to me ever again
Retweeting this thread because the ongoing discussions on
#Econtwitter
drives home the importance of considering general equilibrium effects of `x', e.g.`colonial development infrastructure'. Especially if your infrastructure was built with forced incarcerated labor
@nonso2
I want to share a new(ish) paper with
@nonso2
on prison labor and police that was accepted for presentation at the
@nberpubs
DAE SI and took over 2 years of archival data collection: But before the results, some background on why we wrote this paper: 1/n
Just watched
@SandyDarity
and Kirsten Mullen's excellent presentation on
@AJEnglish
on the impacts of the legacy of slavery on Black people/the racial wealth gap in the US and the case for reparations. Have a Triumphant Black History Month all.
This has been true longer than since
@gchelwa
tackled 'Economics' Africa problem' in his fantastic, groundbreaking 2015 article 'Economics has an Africa problem': Now published in Economy and Society here: . A must-read for everyone
Ouch.
Development economics, ostensibly dedicated to improving the well-being of people in developing countries, is almost devoid of people based in those countries.
- JDE editors: 2 of 69
- JPAL affiliates: 5%
- ABCDE presenters: 7%
- RCT authors: <10%
Huge congratulations to Ebonya Washington
@YaleEconomics
who is both an absolutely brilliant economist and scholar and one of the most supportive mentors of junior scholars in the profession. She's such an inspiration and this is absolutely well deserved
Happy to see years of research labor on epidemics and African development forthcoming/under review. Will re-up some research threads on forthcoming Journal of Economic Perspectives and
@PNASNews
papers shortly. In the meantime, papers found here:
1. Long-run development papers often focus on the positive development effects of colonial infrastructure without interrogating their costs for African populations so it comes off like they’re saying "colonialism was good for Africa”… 1/n
It's been a tough past year and in between the tenure-track life of no sleep trying to publish research/teach/service, it's gestures like these from students that truly make my day (tldr, my students are awesome and fantastic people 😊) Making this cup my wallpaper 😂
Calling it- Living Single (esp early seasons) is one of the best tv shows of all time. Every character is excellent, relatable and well written + meaningful discussions about race and gender, unlike another show about friends that will not be named...Great writing breaks tv
Excerpt from forthcoming JPE paper on "Demographics and Entrepreneurship" from Liang, Wang and Lazear: "When older workers occupy key positions, they block younger workers from acquiring skills."
Some thought-provoking insights from Congolese journalists and youth on neocolonialism, the "white ("savior") gaze" in the production of African images/stories and what it means to be an African engaged in Western aid spaces:Stop Filming Us via
@AJEnglish
We found similar patterns on gender bias in our descriptive paper (experiment ongoing) using evidence from online labor markets in Nigeria- hiring managers matter a lot and one interesting result was on the washing out of effects for qualified co-ethnic women
I need more Econs (especially labor/applied folks) to read and cite this paper. Don't worry, it has a "causal/experimental estimate! And qual work on the mechanisms! "The Mark of a Woman’s Record: Gender and Academic Performance in Hiring" (Quadlin 2018)
Resurfacing from my R&R + referee work to remind fellow econ folks working on African economic history/long-run development papers to please (1)Carefully cite the historical literature (2)Cite African scholars that have written extensively on the topic of interest
#econtwitter
Seeing the most opulent churches amidst even the poorest areas in Nigeria really drives home the fact that much of Africa is severely lacking in social protection. Churches are economic behemoths in SSA yet little work in econ on them. Reason I love
@amma_panin
's paper so much:
Just received really great news that our research
@fannan2316
@ucheekhator
on epidemics just won the
@NAREA_Economics
young scholar award. Looking forward to presenting on the COVID-19 panel at 1pm ET and do join us if you're able:
#NAREA2020
We started with a welcome by Dave Abler & awards announcements; among others, we learned that
@belindaarch
from
@BarnardCollege
won a young scholar award for her work on pandemics!
Excited to present this paper at the NBER DAE SI meeting today at 2pm ET. It's been a really great lineup among a wonderfully supportive group of economic historians and looking forward to further feedback and comments as well. Livestream links here:
I want to share a new(ish) paper with
@nonso2
on prison labor and police that was accepted for presentation at the
@nberpubs
DAE SI and took over 2 years of archival data collection: But before the results, some background on why we wrote this paper: 1/n
Teaching Marx in my history of economic thought course this week and the chapters on class struggle, exploitation and primitive vs capitalist accumulation in Capital are some of my favorite pieces of early economic writing
#EconTwitter
We’ll be presenting 3 papers (with excellent co-authors
@ucheekhator
,
@fannan2316
) on epidemics at the
@ASSAMeeting
this week (fingers crossed for stable internet access in Lagos). Stop by our panels for a great set of new research on epidemics. Comments welcome and appreciated.
Great to be featured as part of a group of excellent economists! Thanks to
@rodrikdani
@IEA_economics
for inviting me to share some of my story/research. Very interesting interviews with the past featured folks
@EmilioDepetrisC
@lydia_assouad
et al here:
FEATURED ECONOMIST, February 2023
Belinda Archibong.
@belindaarch
research areas include development economics, political economy, economic history and environmental economics with an African regional focus.
Read more:
Here is my mini announcement to encourage fellow econ folks to use the
@NASA
NASA MERRA-2 dataset for climate/weather analysis. Really nice dataset and, to my knowledge, reanalysis data is viewed as gold standard for climate data among climatologists as well
#EconTwitter
1. Literature on stereotype threat, and a related literature on identity economics suggests that identity can affect economic outcomes. One study showed that priming relatively lower social class/status students with their identity reduced their performance on cognitive tasks
Happy independence/liberation from British colonialism day!🇳🇬 For, imo, possibly the best analysis of the psychology of colonization + racism, I highly recommend Frantz Fanon’s "The Wretched of the Earth". One of my favorite books and one I think about/reread often
And for those who view immigrants purely instrumentally....see the excellent AEJ-Policy paper from
@econoshih
et al on the human capital benefits of DACA: Halting DACA is really just being unconscionably cruel to these vulnerable young people
Favorite newer research in economic history, following pioneering work on reparations by scholars like
@SandyDarity
, is the accounting exercise on the costs of European colonialism in Africa, re lower-bound estimates.
@nonso2
and I are working on some research so stay tuned...
The fear is that if colonisers actually had to pay reparations for the colonial loot and compensation for many genocides, rich countries today would no longer be rich. Makes you wonder how they got rich in the first place? 🤔
@JustinSandefur
Yup, mentioned elsewhere, but
@gchelwa
highlighted this exact point in his fantastic article on 'economics' Africa problem' in 2015. And if I recall, he got a lot of pushback from multiple `developed-country' based scholars for simply pointing this out...:
Happy to announce that my paper on the role of historical institutions on current access to public services in Nigeria has now been published at World Development. Thanks to colleagues
@barnardecon
and
@WorldDevJournal
for very helpful comments:
Someone mentioned that I didn't mention that John Legend was in the photo, so posting again to mention that yes, he was indeed at the
@BrookingsInst
event, and yes, it was very cool to meet him :D
Don't know what it feel likes to do research that doesn't feel personal as an African doing work on"development".My research days involve fuming about injustice while coding in R. Sending solidarity to our colleagues dealing with this on top of the usual academia stuff daily 1/n
Really sad and shameful. When economists think of people outside the US/Western Europe as data points rather than people, it is not surprising that this would happen. Economists get publications, and data points have their lives potentially changed for the worse (in this case).
3. This is where our paper comes in- we digitized 65 years of archival data on prisons and colonial public finance in Nigeria to show that prison labor was an essential part of colonial public works investments and finance 3/n
Happy to announce that our 2 flagship papers on health/your new go-to/reference/citation for all areas health in Nigeria are now out in
@TheLancet
here: and here:
Centralising health in development: A new social contract between citizen & state—with health at the heart of policy—will enable Nigerians & Nigeria to thrive.
Our Editorial for the Lancet
#NigeriaHealthCommission
:
Just got back stateside and can officially confirm that Twitter is banned in Nigeria...add that to the restrictions on phone use and there's a significant research project on the political economy of bureaucracy and costs of doing business under weakly democratic regimes here
Writing a review piece on climate change & epidemics and noticing all the interesting new papers since 2020, so highlighting our research on economics of epidemics again from 2017 on (AER P&P below)- and of course, comments/citations are welcome and appreciated as well 1/2
I graduated with my BA in 2010
@Columbia
. And every Black professional US person I know in my cohort has at least 1 story like the one below in a work setting. Every single one of us. To truly be anti-racist, actively fight against treating/using our Black colleagues in this way
@OlufemiOTaiwo
And the scientific knowledge comes full circle- I look forward to the conversation on the role of colonial theft of local knowledge in building big pharma in the `West':
Our policy brief summarizing the results of research with
@fannan2316
and
@ucheekhator
on the role of global governance institutions in mitigating and reversing the negative effects of epidemics is online here: Full paper here: