Auschwitz Exhibition
@auschwitzxhibit
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▪️Official account of the Auschwitz Exhibition ▪️Created by @Musealia_ and @AuschwitzMuseum ▪️NEXT DESTINATION Royal Ontario Museum - Opening January 2025
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December 2, 1938 | First Kindertransport Arrives in Great Britain. In desperation, thousands of Jewish parents send their unaccompanied children abroad, hoping they would find refuge from Nazi persecution.
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March 25, 1944 | A German Army detachment arrives in Ioannina (Greece) to bring an end to Europe’s oldest Jewish community.
Accompanied by photographers that took this picture, soldiers round up 1,960 of the 2,000 Romaniotes & deported them to Auschwitz.
Only 128 will return.
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"Remember, it didn’t start with gas chambers. It started with politicians dividing the people with ‘us vs. them.’ It started with intolerance and hate speech, and when people stopped caring, became desensitized, and turned a blind eye, it became a slippery slope to genocide".
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October 16, 1941 | A month after Nazi Germany captured Lubny, Ukraine, this mother and her children wait for their execution at a site outside the city.
4,500 Jews from the area are executed on this day.
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Jewish girl Tzesia Rozenberg was born in Katowice in 1938. In 1942, she was killed in Auschwitz.
A premature, unfair and incomprehensible death that suffered as many as 1.5 million Jewish children that were murdered during the Holocaust.
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December, 1929 | A Jewish girl Kitty Weichherz is born. Her father started writing a diary of Kitty's life, recording her childhood in Czechoslovakia until the family was separated & deported. His last entry was: "I only wish we can go together." All perished in the Holocaust.
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(3/4) The SS men begin to strip the women of their rings and watches. One of the women, flings part of the clothes she has already taken off at the head of SS Staff Sergeant Schillinger, grabs his revolver and shoots him three times. She also shoots SS Sergeant Emmerich
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(2/2) "Tomorrow the smoke will be from you" a prisoner warns them. If they could get a number tattooed, they'd be put to work instead. They escape through a back door and get tattoos.
Both survived the
#Holocaust
and immigrated to the United States.
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Ilse Geuze left her parents’ farm in Austria to attend a school for children with disabilities. In Dec 1940 her parents received a letter from the Hartheim Castle informing them that Ilse had been admitted to the institution. In Jan 1941, they received an urn holding her ashes.
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30 August, 1942 | The little Jewish girl Aline Korenbajzer (born on August 31, 1939 in Paris) is murdered at Auschwitz II-Birkenau. She was taken to a gas chamber right after her arrival in the camp on convoy 25, together with her mother, Lily, one day before her 3rd birthday.
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Jewish children wearing the compulsory yellow badge. In September 1943, they were deported to Auschwitz.
Antwerp, occupied Belgium, 1943.
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Jewish boy PAVEL ZIKMUND BEAMT was born on 05. 04. 1936. When he was 6, he was deported from Olomouc to Theresienstadt ghetto. On 28. 10. 1944 he was deported from the ghetto to Auschwitz, where he was immediately killed upon his arrival in transport Ev, nº 798.
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Mania Halef, a five-year-old Jewish girl murdered during the mass execution in Babi Yar.
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October 28, 1944 | 1,308 Jewish women are transferred from
#Auschwitz
II-Birkenau to the Bergen-Belsen camp. Anne Frank and her sister Margot were most probably among people in this transport.
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"Remember, it didn’t start with gas chambers. It started with politicians dividing the people with ‘us vs. them.’ It started with intolerance and hate speech, and when people stopped caring, became desensitized, and turned a blind eye, it became a slippery slope to genocide".
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December, 1942 | Emmi G., a 16-year-old German housemaid diagnosed as schizophrenic. She was sterilized and sent to the Meseritz-Obrawalde euthanasia center where she is killed with an overdose of tranquilizers. Place and date uncertain.
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September 17, 1942. The French Jewish girl Arlette Sokolski, born in Douai on 17 May 1938, arrives at Auschwitz in a transport of 1,048 Jews deported from Kazerne Dossin in Mechelen. She was among 717 of them murdered in gas chambers after a selection made by SS doctors.
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"It happened, therefore it can happen again..." Primo Levi.
These are the first words you see when you enter the Auschwitz exhibition at
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October 28, 1942 | The first transport from
#Theresienstadt
ghetto arrives at
#Auschwitz
. Of the 1,866 people deported, 1,619 are immediately killed in the gas chambers.
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May 11, 1934 | The Jewish boy Thomas Buergenthal is born in Lubochna, Czechoslovakia. In 1944 Thomas was deported to
#Auschwitz
with his parents and in January 1945 Thomas and his family were marched out—children at the front. (1/3)
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December, 1944 | Helene Gotthold, a Jehovah's Witness, was beheaded for her religious beliefs on December, 1944, in Berlin. She is pictured with her children in Germany, June 25, 1936.
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30 August, 1942 | The little Jewish girl Aline Korenbajzer (born on August 31, 1939 in Paris) is murdered at Auschwitz II-Birkenau. She was taken to a gas chamber right after her arrival in the camp on convoy 25, together with her mother, Lily, one day before her 3rd birthday.
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Jewish children dressed in tatters in Warsaw ghetto, occupied Poland.
#NotlongagoNotfaraway
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Jewish boy Pali Klein was born in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia in 1935 to Laslo and Hila nee Birman. On 1943, at the age of 8, Pail was murdered in
#Auschwitz
-Birkenau.
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Ilse Geuze left her parents’ farm in Austria to attend a school for children with disabilities. In Dec.1940 they received a letter: Ilse had been admitted to the institution. No visits or phone calls were allowed.
In January 1941, they received an urn holding her ashes.
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Elisabeth was a Jewish woman born in Transylvania, Romania, where she married & had a daughter Eva. During the war, their family lived in the Regin ghetto. In 1944, Elisabeth and Eva were deported to
#Auschwitz
and murdered in a gas chambers. Elisabeth was 30 years old. Eva, 8.
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September 30, 1944. The Czech Jewish boy, Valtr Hirsch, (Prague, 30 May 1926) was deported to the Auschwitz death camp from the Theresienstadt ghetto. He did not survive.
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"Remember, it didn’t start with gas chambers. It started with politicians dividing the people with ‘us vs. them.’ It started with intolerance and hate speech, and when people stopped caring, became desensitized, and turned a blind eye, it became a slippery slope to genocide".
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December 1, 1941 | An Einsatzgruppen A unit, the Einsatzkommando 3, that operates in Lithuania, reports they have killed 136.422 Jewish people since June 1941.
In the picture, execution by an Einsatzkommando after Operation Barbarossa.
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Warsaw, German-occupied Poland. Starving children on the pavement of the Ghetto. This photo was taken by German soldier Heinz Joest in autumn 1941.
#NotlongagoNotfaraway
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Siblings Katalin and Laszo Windt were born in Debrecen, Hungary in 1938 and 1939, respetively. Prior to WWII they lived in Tarcal, Hungary.
They were both murdered in
#Auschwitz
in 1944, when the mass deportations of Hugarian Jews took place.
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September 12, 1944 | 300 Jewish boys and girls from the Kaunas area (occupied Lithuania) arrive at
#Auschwitz
on a German RSHA rail transport. All of them are immediately murdered in the gas chambers.
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A Jewish woman, Yolan Vais, was born in Oradea, Romania to Herman and Sara. She was a helper and married to Laiosh.
She was murdered in
#Auschwitz
#NotlonagoNotfaraway
Picture ©
@yadvashem
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4 Jewish female prisoners (Ester Wajcblum, Ella Gärtner, Regina Safirsztain and Roza Robota) smuggled gunpowder to the Sonderkommando prisoners. It was turned into makeshift hand grenades used during the revolt. The SS will hung the women on January 6, 1945.
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August 21, 1943 | A selection is carried out in
#Auschwitz
-Birkenau where 498 female Jewish prisoners are condemned to death in the gas chambers as in the opinion of the SS Camp Doctor, they are unfit for work. Among those selected, there are 438 Greek women.
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Jewish girl VĚRA ROTTEROVÁ was born on 03.01.1942. Her mum was Bedřiška Rotterová. Both lived in Prague before their deportation to Theresienstadt (Terezín) on 24.10.1942.
2 years later, on 04.10.1944, they were deported to Auschwitz. Both were killed upon their arrival.
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The child Ivan Fink, born in Prague, was deported to
#Auschwitz
with his mother, Marie Finková, in 1944. Of the 1,700 people who traveled with them, 1,517 were immediately killed upon arrival.
Ivan and his mother did not survive the "selektion."
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January 6, 1945 | The German Jewish woman Edith Frank-Holländer (b. Aachen, January 16, 1900), Margot & Anne Frank’s mother, perishes at the Auschwitz II-Birkenau three weeks before the camp’s liberation.
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Czech Jew Pavel Boch was born on 19. 02. 1901. His residence before deportation was Prague. From there he was sent on transport J, nº 769 (04. 12. 1941, Prague -> Terezín) and then on transport Ek, nº. 221 (28. 09. 1944) from Theresienstadt to Auschwitz, where he was murdered.
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December 3, 1929 | Jakob Frenkiel is born in the Polish town of Gabin to a religious Jewish family. At age 13, he is deported to
#Auschwitz
. The day after arrival him and his brother Chaim are lined up with kids and old people. (1/2)
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#Auschwitz
was the largest of all the German Nazi camps. It had a function of a concentration camp & extermination center. More people were killed here than in any other camp.
It is our mission to keep the memory alive and to remind what humanity is capable of.
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"The duty of the survivor is to bear testimony to what happened ... You have to warn people that these things can happen, that evil can be unleashed. Race hatred, violence, idolatries -- they still flourish."-
Elie Wiesel, Holocaust survivor.
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December 3, 1942 | Approx. 1,000 Jewish people arrive from the Plonsk ghetto. 653 of them are immediately gassed to death.
Later that day the bodies of 125 prisoners are sent to the morgue on the main camp.
Picture from Yad Vashem archives. Woman and girl in Płońsk ghetto.
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Jewish girl Tzesia Rozenberg was born in Katowice in 1938. In 1942, she was killed in Auschwitz.
A premature, unfair and incomprehensible death that suffered as many as 1.5 million Jewish children that were murdered during the Holocaust.
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October-November, 1939 | Polish teachers moments before their execution by firing squad in the "Valley of Death" near Fordon.
The Nazis sought to destroy Polish culture and the Polish nation, and eliminate any resistance, by arresting and murdering Polish people.
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June 29, 1942 | The delegate of the Polish Goverment in exile writes in a radiogram in
#London
: “There are 14,000 people in
#Auschwitz
. The sculptor Ludwik Puget was shot there”. Puget (in picture) was deported to Auschwitz on April 25th 1942 and murdered a month later.
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Dr. Gisella Perl was a Hungarian Jewish gynecologist at Auschwitz. She had to perform secret abortions so the mothers could survive after the SS decreed that any births would result in the execution of both mother and child.
#WomenintheHolocaust
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Auschwitz, occupied Poland, 1945. Children leaving a barrack after the liberation.
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A Jewish boy, Ivan Fink, born in Prague, was deported to
#Auschwitz
with his mother, Marie Finková, in 1944. Out of the 1,700 people taken with them, 1,517 were immediately murdered upon arrival.
Ivan and his mother did not survive the "selection."
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December 1942 | A Jewish boy Tsewie Herschel is born & hidden with the Jong family. His parents were deported to Sobibor death camp. The Jongs raised him as a Christian & treated him as their son.
He learned about his past from his grandmother, who reclaimed him after the war.
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31 July, 1940 | German police unit publicly abuses and humiliates Rabbi Moshe Yitzchak Hagerman in Olkusz, Poland, on “Bloody Wednesday”.
The Jews of Olkusz were deported to Auschwitz in 1942, where most of them were murdered.
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June 27, 1944 | Polish prisoners Konstanty Jagiello (No. 4507, in the picture) & Tomasz Sobanski (No. 13609), who have been in
#Auschwitz
since 1940, escape with the help of the camp resistance movement. They take camp plans and documents out of the camp to organize next escapes.
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July 17, 1944 | The Scottish Missionary Jane Haining (No. 79467) dies in
#Auschwitz
II. Her last message to friends was a postcard asking for food. She ended her letter with the words: “There is not much to report here on the way to heaven.”
Learn more
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A Czech Jew, Josef Abeles (born in 1906). was deported from his hometown to Teresiendstadt, and later to
#Auschwitz
on transport No. 401 from Teresiendstadt to Auschwitz (January, 1943). He did not survive.
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August 21, 1943 | A selection is carried out in
#Auschwitz
-Birkenau where 498 female Jewish prisoners are condemned to death in the gas chambers as in the opinion of the SS Camp Doctor, they are unfit for work. Among those selected, there are 438 Greek women.
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December 15-17, 1941 | Around 2,700-2,800 Jews of Liepaja (Latvia) are massacred, most of them women and children. In the picture, Jewish women before their execution in Skede, occupied Latvia.
📸 Yad Vashem Photo Archive
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19 September 1940 | Witold
#Pilecki
, a member of the Secret Polish Army, intentionally let himself be arrested by German police during a roundup in
#Warsaw
to get arrested & be deported to
#Auschwitz
to infiltrate the camp & set up a
#resistance
there. The mission was a success.
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November 7, 1944 | Hanna Szenes (23) is executed in Budapest,
#Hungary
. She was part of the group of Jewish from Palestine who volunteered to join the British army parachuted into German-occupied Europe to organise resistance and aid in the rescue of Allied personnel.
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Germany, September 1941, a mother wearing the Jewish badge, with her daughter.
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In Nov. 1942, Rabbi Regina Jonas was sent to the Theresienstadt ghetto. For 2 years she assisted the psychoanalyst Viktor Frankl. They met deportees at the station to help people cope with shock and disorientation. Jonas was murdered in Auschwitz in November 1944.
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Jewish children wearing the compulsory yellow badge. In September 1943, they were deported to Auschwitz.
Antwerp, occupied Belgium, 1943.
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Deliana Rademakers was a Jehovah’s Witness, arrested while performing house-to-house ministry. After her incarceration in the German-occupied Netherlands, she was deported to Auschwitz, where she was registered on 20 November 1942 with no. 25563 and perished on 10 December 1942.
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A Polish Jewish boy lifts the head of a deceased young man who collapsed from starvation and died along the tram lines in the Warsaw Ghetto. Occupied Poland, 1942.
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Marcelle (11), her mother & her twin sisters Berthe and Jenny (9) were arrested during the roundup of Jews of July 16-17, 1942 in Paris.
Marcelle managed to escape and survived hiding with two different Christian families. The rest of her family perished in
#Auschwitz
.
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May 18, 1944 | SS doctor Josef Mengele selects for his experiments 20 Jewish female twins from a transport from Hungary. Among them were twin sisters Yehudit and Lea Csengeri, daughters of Zvi and Rosalia Csengeri.
Learn about their story →
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August 8, 1942 | 987 Jewish men and women arrive at
#Auschwitz
from the Westerbork camp in The Netherlands. There are quite a few Jewish who converted to Catholicism, monks & nuns in the transport. Among them is PhD in philosophy Edith Stein, of the Carmelite order.
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Ludvika Polackova (born September 17, 1883) the Jewish woman in the picture, was deported to
#Auschwitz
on October 9, 1944. She did not survive.
She was murdered in a gas chamber after the selection.
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Germany, September 1941, a mother wearing the Jewish badge, with her daughter.
#NotlongagoNotfaraway
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"Remember, it didn’t start with gas chambers. It started with politicians dividing the people with ‘us vs. them.’ It started with intolerance and hate speech, and when people stopped caring, became desensitized, and turned a blind eye, it became a slippery slope to genocide".
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The Jewish child Tamas Akiva Salzer was born in Miskolc, Hungary, in 1939, to Josef and Mindl.
In 1944 he was murdered in
#Auschwitz
.
#NotlongagoNotfaraway
Picture
@yadvashem
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This handmade doll made by a prisoner of the camp of linen was found in the
#Auschwitz
area. 75 years after the liberation of the camp, the trace of a face can still be appreciated on one side of its head.
Collection of the
@AuschwitzMuseum
displayed in
@auschwitzxhibit
.
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Marc Ast was born in Reims, France in 1934. Before WWII, he lived in St Memmie. He was deported to
#Auschwitz
, when he died at only 10 years of age.
#WeRemember
#NotlongagoNotfaraway
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Polish Jewish sisters Esther (16), Pauline (14) and Céline Knop (12) moved to
#Paris
during the war. First Esther and Pauline were deported to
#Auschwitz
on the 15th convoy from
#France
& Céline and her youngest sister Hélene (8) on the 22nd. They were murdered in Auschwitz.
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Elisabeth was born in Transylvania, Romania, where she married and had a daughter named Eva. During the war, their family lived in the Regin ghetto. In 1944, Elisabeth and Eva were deported to
#Auschwitz
and killed in the gas chambers. Elisabeth was 30 years old. Eva, 8.
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July 30, 1944 | 79 boys up to 14 years of age, among them many newborns, are located in Women’s Camp and 96 boys up to 14 years of age are housed in Men’s Camp in
#Auschwitz
-Birkenau as prisoners.
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November 16, 1942 | Czech Jews Helena Husserlova & her daughter Zdenka are deported to Theresienstadt ghetto. In October 1944 they separate when Helena is deported to
#Auschwitz
. Helena will die in Auschwitz at age 34, but her daughter Zdenka will survive the Holocaust.
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The French Jewish girl, Zizi Adoner, born in Paris on 7th July 1937, arrived at the Auschwitz death camp on September 25, 1942 in a transport of 1,000 Jews deported from Drancy. She was among 475 of them killed by the Nazis in a gas chamber after selection.
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The Jewish woman ADÉLA ABRAHAMSONOVÁ was born on 26.02.1901. She was deported from Prague to Theresienstadt on 30.07.1942. Although she managed to survive there, on 01.02.1943 she was deported to
#Auschwitz
, where she was murdered.
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The Jewish Polish boy Alexander (Sandor) MeIler was born January 5th, 1926 (Stakcin). Before war he worked as a bricklayer helper.
Alexander was evacuated from Auschwitz to Mauthausen in 9145. He came with a transport from the Cracow area in the camp. His Prisoner nº was 27336.
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Remember, it didn’t start with gas chambers. It started with politicians dividing the people with ‘us vs. them.’ It started with intolerance and hate speech.
When people stopped caring, became desensitized, and turned a blind eye, it became a slippery slope to genocide.
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Her name was RUTH BIRNOVÁ.
This Jewish woman born 06. 07. 1918, she was deported from Prague (Kaprova nº 6) to Theresienstadt -Transport Dh, no. 427 / 08.07.1943- and later deported with other 2483 people to Auschwitz -Transport Dl, no. 130 / 06.09.1943, where she was murdered.
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October-November, 1939 | Polish teachers moments before their execution by firing squad in the "Valley of Death" near Fordon.
The Nazis sought to destroy Polish culture and the Polish nation and eliminate any resistance by arresting and murdering Polish people.
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December, 1939 | Polish women from the Pawiak and Mokotow prisons in nearby Warsaw are led into the Palmiry forest for execution by SS men.
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The Jewish child Tamas Akiva Salzer was born in Miskolc, Hungary, in 1939, to Josef and Mindl.
In 1944 he was murdered in
#Auschwitz
.
#NotlongagoNotfaraway
Picture
@yadvashem
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(2/2) Tadeusz Uszyński succeeds in returning, wounded, to the bunker. Thanks to the assistance of the resistance movement in the camp, and the solidarity of the fellow prisoners, he is able to hold out until September 9, when he tries to escape again and succeeds.
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February 25, 1941 | Polish prisoner Jan Kalus (no. 1135) was the first prisoner who perished in the bunker of Block 11 at
#Auschwitz
I. He was incarcerated there on February 19.
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August 24, 1943 | 100 ill Jews from the Markstädt labor camp near Breslau arrive in an RSHA transport. They are killed the same day in the gas chambers.
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German-occupied Poland. A Jewish couple escapes with their possessions in September 1939.
The face of the man is covered because German forces shaved his beard off with force.
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(4/4) Some sources indicate that she was Franciszka Mann, the Polish Jewish dancer. Other women also attack the SS men with their hands and some women are shot. The rest are driven into the gas chambers and killed. SS Sergeant Schillinger dies on the way to the hospital.
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October 28, 1942 | The first transport from
#Theresienstadt
ghetto arrives at
#Auschwitz
. Of the 1,866 people deported, 1,619 are immediately killed in the gas chambers.
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January 29, 1943 | The RSHA orders that all roma living within the Reich and the occupied territories be taken into custody and sent to Nazi concentration camps.
In the picture, the child Stella Steinbach looks out from a train to Auschwitz.
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June 9, 1942 | Gersz Zysking arrives at
#Auschwitz
and is registered with the number 39178. His time in the concentration camp will be brief: this Jewish men will perish on August 4, 1942, a few months short of his 29th birthday.
#NotlongagoNotfaraway
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Ita Guttman with her twin children Ren & Renate (4), in the Terezín ghetto (1942). They were separated from their mother in Auschwitz and suffered Dr. Mengele’s medical experiments. They survived.
Collection of
@HolocaustMuseum
courtesy of Irene (Renate) Guttmann Slotkin Hizme.
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March 18, 1944 | A marriage between an Austrian prisoner Rudolf Friemel (nº. 25173,) and a French citizen born in Spain, Margarita Ferrer, is performed in the registry office of Auschwitz. Friemel was hanged on December 30 in
#Auschwitz
. It was the singe marriage in the camp.
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30 December, 1944 | 5 prisoners are hanged in
#Auschwitz
after the evening roll-call. Among them is Bernard Świerczyna, a Polish soldier, co-organiser of the resistance in the camp (pictured); the Pole Piotr Piąty and Austrians Ernst Burger, Rudolf Friemel and Ludwig Vesely.
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Jewish children dressed in tatters in Warsaw ghetto, occupied Poland.
#NotlongagoNotfaraway
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October, 1939 | Jews gathered by Mountain Division 1 of the Wehrmacht for forced labor in Przemysl, occupied Poland.
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November 20, 1941 | Jews deported from Prague move their belongings through the streets of the Litzmannstadt ghetto in German-occupied Poland.
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