Rafael Higonnet-Faithfull
@RafFaithfull
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Here’s Carl Sagan explaining how Eratosthenes and the ancient Greeks determined that the earth was round, and how they discovered the exact circumference of it all the way back in 240 B.C.
Merry Christmas to you all! :)
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It is often said that the West is rich due to slavery and colonialism.
But by 1500, long before the Atlantic slave trade and long before England or France have a single colony, Western Europe was far richer than the rest of the world.
This divergence, however, began in 1300 AD.
When did the rise of the West happen, and why?
I document the West's ascent by quantitatively tracking the birth of notable people of science. I then put this in context with other indicators of development. Blog post here and a short thread below.
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You colonized Spain for 600 years. So what should they be able to do to you?
French muslim blames racism and colonialism for the recent riots, says "they colonized us for 132 years now it's our turn to colonize your country" 🚨🚨🚨
🔊
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Instead of standing on the sidelines, stand up for what you believe in. While you wait to see whether Andrew will make it through, please realize that the only thing stopping Yang from winning is you. I believe that
#YangWillWin
, but only if you believe it, too.
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@keywilliamss
@jaketapper
I never even heard about this but I'm not surprised. I didn't even know he had cancer. The fact that he shot all these movies with stage 4 colon cancer is almost unbelievable. What a legend
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@AfricanArchives
“George Crum invented the Potato chips.”
No, he did not invent the “potato chips”
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Regardless of whatever happens tomorrow, I’m proud of the
#YangGang
. I don’t regret a single cent or second I spent and neither should you. Win or lose we did what was right. And for that, we should hold our heads high.
That said, let’s go out and get this W!
#YangUnitesAmerica
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During the Middle Ages the Islamic world was ahead of the Western world intellectually, and was the leader in science and philosophy globally.
By the year 1300 that began to flip, and by the year 1420 the gap became gigantic. The Renaissance was a big deal.
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Alcaraz’ dream was to play against Roger Federer, and tonight he did.
Dimitrov has always been capable of this level, awesome to see him get it together.
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@ClintSmithIII
Black panther, James Brown and Jackie Robinson. And he did it all with stage 4 colon cancer. We lost such a legend today
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Glenn Loury’s thoughts on the current moment
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After listening to Tara Reade tell her story, I completely believe her. We can't unite around a rapist against Donald Trump in 2020.
@AndrewYang
should rescind his endorsement of Joe Biden and endorse Bernie Sanders. Please sign so we can make this happen
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@c1nnamonbunny
Have you ever seen when he’s with a Congolese librarian in the Congo who tells him that the Belgian Congo, when the Belgians were ruling, were “the good times”, and he doesn’t know how to react? It’s priceless
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A presidential candidate is challenging a Nobel-Prize winning economist to a debate about jobs and automation. Does anybody realize how unprecedented this is?
Andrew Yang is an absolute legend.
@paulkrugman
If you’d like to sit down and have a debate on this I would enjoy it. We could livestream it and let people decide for themselves. This is one of the great issues of our time and it deserves careful consideration. 👍
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@Evolving_Moloch
Not only is it a masterpiece, but contrary to popular belief, it’s one of the most accurate historical movies ever made.
Almost every critic who alleged historical inaccuracy, didn’t even know when the film is set, which is in Postclassical Maya.
Source:
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The rise of Western Europe can maybe be best seen in its architecture. After the year 1000 AD and before 1500 AD, almost all of the largest buildings in the world are in Europe.
The Lincoln Cathedral and Florence Cathedral, however, each deserve their own attention. See below.
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As a fellow
#YouthForYang
, I know there's no better candidate to carry us safely through the 21st century than Andrew Yang. The man is on a mission to save this country, and the world, from the brink of collapse. Vote for him, and get everyone you know to vote for him, too!
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The Lincoln Cathedral was completed in 1311. At 525 feet, taller than the pyramids of Giza, it was the tallest building ever constructed. It held that title all the way up until the construction of the Washington Monument in 1884.
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While Europe put these technologies to use, Gutenberg’s printing press was famously blocked by religious authorities in the Islamic world, arguably of great importance to the divergence between West Europe and the Islamic world.
Source:
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This followed from many things, among them the growth of the University in Europe. The first universities were established in Europe just before the year 1100 AD and during the 12th century, but the inflection point is at the year 1200 AD.
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Examples of early Universities include:
1. University of Bologna, established in 1088
2. Oxford University, established in 1167
3. University of Paris, established in 1215
The 4th image is the geographical distribution of universities together with their establishment period.
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The replies to this are stunning. Americans and Westerners generally, believe that Saddam was on trial for WMDs. They genuinely have no clue what he did.
Saddam Hussein listens to his death sentence being handed down. November 5th, 2006 (subtitled)
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The first ever recorded patent for an industrial invention was given to Filippo Brunelleschi in 1421. In 1436, Brunelleschi completed the Florence Cathedral, a major milestone in artistic and technological history.
It remains the largest brick dome ever built.
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Slavery was also not very profitable for European countries. At the absolute most, profits from the slave trade and slavery amounted to just 4% of total British GDP.
Source:
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One reason slavery is put forward as an explanation for the Great Divergence, is that people—especially in America—are not taught about slavery which happened elsewhere, outside of the West, in school. Here is a thread I made on the Arab Slave Trade.
@Sturgeons_Law
This is untrue. First, manumission wasn't a road to power, but castration was. In the Islamic world black slaves, unlike white slaves, could almost never achieve any political power, unless they remained slaves and were castrated.
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These people are absolutely sick in the head
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Even during the peak of the Atlantic slave trade, far more slaves were kept for Africans themselves than were sent to the entire Western Hemisphere.
Sources:
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The other most important technological development of the period was Gutenberg’s movable-type printing press, which transformed printing and the proliferation of written materials, and thus human history, forever. Gutenberg is often called "the man of the millennium".
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I really agree with Matthew Desmond's piece in the 1619 Project. America's unique economic prosperity is due to slavery. Soon we will see a similar or greater economic boom in Libya—within the next five to ten years—where there is currently an open slave market.
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The invention of the Verge escapement is one of if not the most important technological development in the late medieval period. Invented in 13th century Europe, this tool allowed for the creation of fully-mechanical clocks.
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@Joe__Bassey
No, they were not responsible for bringing Europe out of the dark ages and into the Renaissance. The Renaissance took place in Italy, not Spain.
And no, that is not what moors looked liked.
@hotepspostingls
@fakehistoryhunt
@buyblackmovemnt
Mungo Park, a Scottish explorer to Niger, was mistaken for a Moor by the local inhabitants of Niger.
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Also, the longer a country was colonized the richer they are on average. Countries that were never colonized, like Liberia, remain some of the poorest countries in the world, far poorer compared to their colonized neighbors, like the Ivory Coast.
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One of the largest differences between the West and the rest during this period is in book production. Because of the logarithmic axis, what visibly looks like a linear trend here, actually represents a dramatic exponential increase.
from:
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Fighting to take Andrew Yang to the White House is the most worthwhile thing I’ve ever done. I truly believe that how our lives unfold depends on this election. What do we want for our children? What do we want the future of humanity to look like?
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Along with the rise of Universities, schooling, more generally, increased at least since the 13th century as illustrated for England below. This increase was both in terms of the raw number of schools, but also in terms of schools per capita.
Source:
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Here’s my first crack at public writing. I felt I needed to correct the record about Andrew Yang and Climate Change. I hope there’s no typos!
@yayitsrob
@blkahn
please feel free to get in touch, I enjoy much of what you both write. Cheers!
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The connection these differences have to contemporary economic outcomes is large.
For instance, 78% of the income difference between Europe and Africa is explained just by these differences in technological adoption in the year 1500 AD alone.
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#MyBernieStory
I supported Bernie in 2016 because he brought national healthcare to the forefront of American politics. It’s time for more than merely that, however. It’s time to raise the income floor for everyone by $1000 a month. That’s why I now support
@AndrewYang
#YangGang
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Please
#GetYangOnEllen
. Ellen’s platform has unparalleled reach, and her heart is huge like Andrew’s. Courage and care, math and passion, data and love, grace and compassion. He has everything we urgently need and more. Let’s make this man our next president.
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On a recent podcast Glenn Loury asked Sylvester Gates if in light of the history of physics, did 16th-18th century Western Europe represent a superior civilization.
Gates replies “I would say that’s kind of obvious”. He then talks about the Big Bang of knowledge in Europe.
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A History Of Black Excellence, What You May Not Know.
Beginning with Diébédo Francis Kéré, the 2022 Pritzker Prize winner—the Nobel Prize of architecture. Kéré is the first person from Africa and the first black person to win it.
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@DouglasKMurray
@DillyHussain88
He says that Muslims like himself are going to stay in Britain, have lots of children, and be the “moral compass” in the West.
Unless they are “exiled” in his words. I think he gives a great reason for exile.
Muslims in the West will continue to:
- Live, work & contribute
- Marry, have babies & big families
- Convey Islam to non-Muslims
- Be a voice for oppressed Muslims
Unless we are exiled or put in camps, we aren’t going anywhere.
We will be the absent moral compass in the West.
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Easterly, Comin & Gong in 2007 assembled a dataset of national technology adoption in 1000 BC, 0 AD, and 1500 AD, to see the relationship between this with contemporary GDP.
In 1500 AD the European average (0.87) is highest among all continents.
Source:
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Has anyone compiled all the misinformation about the Rittenhouse case put out by prominent journalists and members of the media? It would be great to have it all in a thread
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One of the main arguments against colonialism was that it was so unprofitable, as the colonial balance sheet shows. Virginia Woolf's husband, Leonard Woolf, vociferously argued exactly this.
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@KareemRifai
The issue is that the West has decided that if you say things which are anti-Western, but false, that’s not very bad.
But if say things which are even totally true and empirically accurate, but are pro-Western and against non-Western countries, that’s very bad.
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Here is the overall technology adoption in advanced civilizations for different time periods. In 1500 AD, the West Europe average (0.94) exceeds that of other civilizations.
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Here's Imam Imoru on slavery in the Sokoto Caliphate. The Sokoto Caliphate had a similar number of slaves per capita as the American South.
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A small thread on African chattel slavery
@MaraviWarrior
@regularJay22
Even African nations which contained a spectrum of slaves, such as Ghana, also practiced chattel slavery. Chattel slaves in Ghana were known as “Akyere” and “Donko”.
Sources:
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These were the punishments for slaves.
As Ahmadou Sehou notes, “it is clear that the range of sanctions is so varied that it has nothing to envy in cruelty and refinement to what was applied to slaves in plantations throughout the Americas.”
Source:
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They say you should never meet your heroes. Well I met one of mine, and it was better than I could ever imagine. Thank you
@AndrewYang
for being such a sweet and generous guy to me, and for all that you’ve done for our country. Huge thanks
@NhCardona603
, you made this happen.
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@FourmidableElf
They did loot from Al-Andalus, so what you just said is totally false, as well as disgusting.
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@Morbidful
The information here is mistaken. The Congo Free State was terrible, but he did not have his hands cut off for failing to make the daily rubber quota.
His hands were cut off by Congolese cannibals in a cannibal feast.
Source:
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@Sturgeons_Law
This is untrue. First, manumission wasn't a road to power, but castration was. In the Islamic world black slaves, unlike white slaves, could almost never achieve any political power, unless they remained slaves and were castrated.
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Thank you to
@Scientific_Bird
for creating this truly amazing piece. Most of the information in this thread is from it, and in case you missed it among my long thread, here it is below. I really recommend you read it.
When did the rise of the West happen, and why?
I document the West's ascent by quantitatively tracking the birth of notable people of science. I then put this in context with other indicators of development. Blog post here and a short thread below.
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@corsiers1
@shareefalshakur
No. It is rejected by every economic historian--see highlighted line in the first screenshot, and that paper itself.
Cotton was 5% of total GDP, less than corn.
Sources:
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Here is a piece by him which I helped to write. It’s about the history of science in Europe. I highly recommend you check it out if that topic interests you.
Recently, I animated the birthplaces of notable scientists in Europe from 1000-1850.
I decided to write a blog post about it. So if you're interested in the history of science, or want to know the most notable people of a specific century, check it out!
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Because zoomers know zero about conquest, colonization and slavery outside of the West, they don’t even know how the non-Western world deals with its history.
This is how they do it.
Today marks the anniversary of the liberation of Istanbul in 1453.
On this day, the Turkish army, led by Sultan Mehmed II, entered Istanbul, transforming it into a vibrant center of culture and trade.
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@Twitter
has many people asking for photographic and video evidence of the atrocities that happened on October 7th in Israel, denying that they happened.
Here’s a document which collects all of it, most of which has been taken down due to graphic content:
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@MediaversityRev
The Rape of Nanking, was also glossed over by the script.
Unit 731, was also glossed over by the script.
The Sino-Japanese war, killing 20 million Chinese in less than 10 years, was also glossed over by the script.
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Leopold himself would disagree with you--see highlighted quote.
10 million were not killed, but there was a population loss of 1-2.5 million, and the Congo Free State was riddled with atrocities. I'll go these through these horrors below.
Source:
Leopold did nothing wrong. People can argue this and that about the others. But there is literally zero evidence he killed 10 million Congolese. There were two population estimates taken years apart. Decades later, a revisionist “historian” attributed it to a mass genocide.
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@ByMattStevens
The amount of grammatical errors in this piece shows just how eager the Times was to release it. "A fanciful promise of free money" that is endorsed by many Nobel prize winning economists? All I read from this piece is screed from people who don't like Andrew's humor.
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An amazing piece, with an important reality check for those who believe in "root causes" of crime, and that criminals need to rehabilitated rather than punished.
There is so no evidence for any effective method of rehabilitating criminals, anywhere.
In a new post, I show that the Nordic countries, despite common belief, have not rehabilitated their way to remarkably low recidivism rates.
When properly compared, their recidivism rates are, perhaps surprisingly, not much better than the United States.
Short thread.
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#YangBeatsTrump
and no other candidate does. Not Pete Buttigieg, not Bernie Sanders, not Kamala Harris, not Elizabeth Warren and not Joe Biden. If Yang isn’t the nominee, Trump wins in 2020. But if we all listen to reason and vote for Yang, we can win. Let’s win!
#Yang2020
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Joe Biden has now been accused of sexual assault by another person, this time anonymously
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@Noahpinion
@Fra___
Alhacen was awesome, but he never cited by Francis Bacon.
He was cited by Roger Bacon. Different person, who lived in the 13th century.
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“If you’ve heard anything about my campaign you’ve heard that there’s a man running for President who wants to give everyone $1000 a month. I know this may sound like a gimmick, but this is a deeply American idea—from Thomas Paine to Martin Luther King to today.” -Pete Buttigieg
“I believe I have the correct vision for the country because the opposite of Donald Trump is an asian man who likes math.” -Pete Buttigieg
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@wil_da_beast630
Because that is absolute GDP rather than GDP per capita, and China and India had by far the most people.
To see GDP per capita, you look right below the map, to see the countries listed and where they rank in GDP per capita.
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@IAStartingLine
Oh my GOODNESS! I never actually truly comprehended how crazy this is. Chappelle is such a legend.
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Denise Browser is in Waterloo, IA and she needs a ride. She's wheel chair bound and cannot drive. DM me for her phone number. We need to get her a ride!
#CaucusForYang
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We are a 4th/5th place finish in NH followed by a 3rd/4th place finish in Nevada away from an unstoppable narrative forming that Andrew Yang is on the rise and for real. Phonebank tomorrow!
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#TrumpFearsYang
because he is the only candidate who can easily beat him. His supporters are joining the
#YangGang
in droves, and soon the whole nation will. Come hang out with the cool kids, America, and join the
#YangGang
!
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Andrew Yang will be the next President of the United States.
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It’s
#TIME4Yang
to be allowed to be considered as an option for something significant. Let’s make this trend so that Time will put Yang as a viable choice to choose as Time’s 2019 Person of the Year. If they do, he will win. And after, he will win the Presidency.
It’s
#TIME4Yang
!
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@Locati0ns
Untrue. You may think this is empowering, but it’s actually not.
Because if you want to see nations in those continents prosper, it’s important that people know the true causes of wealth, which is not resources or colonialism, but human capital and developing it.
It is often said that the West is rich due to slavery and colonialism.
But by 1500, long before the Atlantic slave trade and long before England or France have a single colony, Western Europe was far richer than the rest of the world.
This divergence, however, began in 1300 AD.
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@JFadfoul
Oof. If what they did to Incans and Aztecs is "colonized", you should ask the Totonac and Tlaxcalan which side they took in that conflict, and why
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#YangGang
let's get this going. Time to trend
#YangIsWinning
!!!!!! Let's go!
We are VIABLE at my precinct!!!!
& not by a small amount 😉
#YangSurge
#IowaCaucuses
#CaucusForYang
#IowaCaucus
#IACaucus
#YangGang
#YangWillWin
New Hashtag?
#YangIsWinning
In fact, we have the most people of any group.
I got you
@Zach_Graumann
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@UsingLyft
@williamhgreat00
It wasn't just the right to trade slaves, but also the right to own them—a practice which long predates any European presence in Africa—that they vigorously fought for, against British efforts to end it.
Source:
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@BlackMenSYS
It’s crazy how you just made this up, when in fact, the opposite seems to be true
@atlaz_chugged
@UsingLyft
Table 2
Pick US census for 1990 or 2000, doesn't matter.
Now, will
@atlaz_chugged
correct himself?
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@DillyHussain88
I think you’re confusing a moral compass, with committing a ridiculously disproportionate amount of crime.
This is interesting: The combined share of the UK population that is Hindu, Sikh, and Buddhist is the same as the share that is Muslim. But there are six times more Muslims in prison as there are Hindus, Sikhs, and Buddhists put together.
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The
#YangMediaBlackout
will lead him to the White House. The less you cover him, the more noise we will make. We are winning this thing.
#YangGang
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