Here are 2 images of Arp 107 by the Hubble & James Webb Space Telescope respectively. The elliptical galaxy passed through the spiral galaxy's arms a few hundred million years ago, igniting star formation in along the spiral arms. It also fueled the spiral galaxy's supermassive black hole, making the galaxy's core very bright.

Question of the Week: What do you think is the best evidence for God? My Answer: I agree with most Christian apologists by citing Romans 1: the creation indisputably reveals God & his attributes & 1 Corinthians 15: the historical evidence for the bodily resurrection of Jesus from the dead not only establishes the existence of God but the redeeming God of the Bible. However, since I am an astrophysicist, you probably want to know what I consider to be the best scientific evidence for God. Here, I would agree with the past two millennia of Christian apologists. It is the design argument, known today in scientific circles as the anthropic principle or the fine-tuning argument for the God of the Bible. Today, the argument is far more potent than it was even a century ago. It now appears evident that every component of the universe and every event in cosmic history is fine-tuned to make possible not only the existence of physical life but the redemption of billions of humans from their sin and evil. The pace of scientific research today is such that the evidence for the universe and its components being fine-tuned to make possible the redemption of billions of humans gets stronger by a measurable factor of about a factor of thousand times per month. Because of this pace of research, I can say to skeptics on university of campuses, “If you are still not convinced of the existence of the God of the Bible, wait one month and see what happens to the accumulating evidence.” Or, to put it another way, where else can you go in Christian apologetics and get a factor of a thousand times more evidence in just one month. As an astrophysicist, I would be remiss if I didn’t mention the spacetime theorems. Based on the assumptions that the universe contains mass (every human is sufficient proof) and that general relativity reliably describes the movements of massive bodies in the universe (the best proven principle in all physics), the spacetime theorems prove that a Causal Agent transcendent to space and time created matter, energy, space, and time. I have written much more about scientific evidence for God in the following books: Designed to Core; The Creator and the Cosmos, 4th edition; Improbable Planet; Why the Universe Is the Way It Is; Weathering Climate Change; More Than a Theory.

How many are your works, O Lord! In wisdom you made them all. The earth is full of your creatures. —Psalm 104:24 He has made everything beautiful in its time. —Ecclesiastes 3:11 As I study Earth's history, I recognize it's never been fuller of creatures than now & never more beautiful than now. In the context of the laws of physics that God designed for the eradication of evil, our planet today contains the maximum possible number of creatures and manifests the maximum possible beauty. How great is our God.

In this episode of Stars, Cells, & God Jeff Zweerink & I discuss progress in determining which big bang creation models correctly describes cosmic history & how this progress gives us stronger evidence for what the Bible said thousands of years ago about the origin and history of the universe:

My Paradoxes topic this Sunday 12:15 PM PT in Pritchard Hall, Christ Church Sierra Madre, 170 W Sierra Madre Blvd, Sierra Madre, CA: Noah's Flood and the Laws of Physics. Anyone also can join & ask questions virtually at

@WriteFight99 Yancey made an excellent point.

@MJack737 I think 2 Peter 3 refers to God replacing the universe with the new creation as do the cross references in Isaiah.

@BirdsForLiberty @ProfesorLouis One can get stars with different physical laws but not stable burning stars of the mass range needed for physical life. For example, the ratio of the electromagnetic force to the gravitational force must be fine-tuned to 1 part in 10^40.

@ApoloJedi_ The creation is still "very good." It was humanity that fell, not the universe. Genesis 1:29-30 commands us to take special care of green vegetation. Green vegetation is the base of the food chain. If we fail to care for it, nobody gets to eat.

@Mr_TOlson God has revealed himself and his attributes through two utterly trustworthy books: the book of nature and the book of Scripture. See Psalm 19, Romans 1, and article 2 of the Belgic Confession.

@Mr_TOlson @Lafe_Nelson I think Adam did indeed start at ground zero. However, with a brain 3 times larger than an infant's he would have developed at a far more rapid pace. He likely gained full language fluency before he was a month old.

@SuwisalP @EMaxwell56 God's intent always was that humanity would govern Earth and all its resources for the benefit of all life.

@MitchEnimigas Yes, when Adam and Eve sinned, they immediately experienced spiritual death. Physical death came later when God took away access to the tree of life.

@vistaviews @EMaxwell56 @EricsonAdv @david89199360 Because of background signals, carbon-14 cannot yield reliable dates of diamonds & zircons, but uranium, thorium, and lead isotopes do yield reliable dates.

@Mr_TOlson @Lafe_Nelson Just two books: the book of Scripture and the book of nature (Psalm 19:1-4; Romans 1:18-22). See also article 2 of the Belgic Confession.

@Gilligan354 @rationalbobman @MakeBetterGods @ApoloJedi_ @DLgodlessbitch @ExpeditionBible yes

@flameshod The most commonly proposed shields are 10+ feet thickness of water encased in armor plate or 10+ inches of lead again encased in armor plate. This would need to surround the entire habitat space. Artificial gravity also is required.

@ZenMaster333 @jason_lisle Yes, as long as the stars are less massive than 20,000 times the Sun's mass.

@Gilligan354 @jcamachott Genesis 10-11 describes God scattering humanity from one region on Earth into all regions. Multiple dating methods establish that all of Europe, Asia, Australia, and Africa were colonized by humans 50,000–40,000 years ago, implying Noah's Flood occurred earlier.

@Gilligan354 @jcamachott It's the tops of all the mountains/hills in view of Noah. Compare Genesis 8:5 & 8:9. There is no water problem given that Noah's Flood occurred during the last ice age.