Esteban Lucumí
@GhostofOkello
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Joined September 2020
West African warfare in the Windward Islands: Quest to be sovereigns in St Vincent & the Grenadines from 1670-1773. “Information was published. that these maroons were formidable. &. when Atkins tried to raise a large force in 1678 to. eradicate them, no volunteers came forward”
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A black man named Nnamdi kanu told NIGERIANS their president is dead. They did not believe him. Today they have seen a white man's tweet and are actually starting to believe it.
Very sad to learn hear of the death of President Buhari, whom I campaigned for. Thoughts with his wife @aishambuhari and family. #buhari.
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Nigerians online got themselves the socially backward people stereotype through their constant refusal to read the room & give intellectually informed takes on delicate social topics. They are now currently all over Twitter passionately defending racist Argentines - idiots.
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Any black person that looks at Meghan Markle & see's a black woman or a biracial woman might be suffering from a sick inferiority complex. Meghan looks more european than many Spanish, Portuguese & southern Italian people.
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Thread on the industry of the Benin Kingdom in the 16th, 17th & 18th centuries.
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Thread on Great Benin City, once West Africa's foremost metropolis & a global giant in the pre-modern era. It stood as one of the world's largest cities in the 17th century & one of the most distinguished in Africa before its destruction in the late 1690s
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@xspotsdamark the money came mostly from the salaries of teachers, civil servants etc. they had to give up a percentage of their salary, it was called mandela tax, students also contributed.
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I see blacks in the comment section of this video & I wonder why they not using the vid to push theories on how innately savage & violent whites are. But when I see viral videos of blacks fighting the comments is filled with whites pushing racist tropes & blacks self flagellating.
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Thread on Chordophone Instruments in West African History
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Do you know how many missionaries Africans killed? Including the black ones? In Nigeria alone do you know how many were thrown in the river & drowned? Focusing on Nigeria alone, the only reason why southern NIGERIANS are Christians is because you had to convert to Christainity. .
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Thread on the fashion trends of women in historical Benin.
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Thread on African Military Encounters with Conquistadors in Atlantic West Africa & the East African Rim in the 16th Century.
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Thread on the reverence of & deference for flying vertebrates (birds) in the Kingdom of Benin in the 17th-18th century.
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Thread on the Civil Administration in the kingdom of Benin in the 17th century.
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The Benin Bronzes look bad? If bronzes like the ones below below look bad, then I don't know. Also, lead Isotope studies tell us that the Benin Bronze casting tradition is its own thing & originates in no place but Benin, with no influence.
The sculptures from Ife use metal sourced locally or from Arab traders. In general, Benin bronzes were a copy of Ife bronzes which were way higher quality and had centuries of history. Benin bronzes look so bad because they _are_ bad. Africa was making way better art in Ife
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Divine Kings at war: Thread on the Kings of Bornu, Benin & Kwararafa at war in the 16th & 17th centuries.
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Not surprised that Africans are not the top global migrants & most African immigrants in Europe including illegals are North Africans not black Africans. With the way the media tries to make black Africans the face of migration for obvious reasons, one would think otherwise.
Africans account for 14.5% of total global migration . Asians - 41% .Europeans 22.5% . 27% of the worlds refugees arrive in Europe and out of that Africans account for 7.2%
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Africans are very mentally colonial & cherry pick what they declare as African culture. Don't even get me started with them swearing that anything that does not align with ecclesiastical & Mohammedan precepts & colonial embraced Victorian era morality is not African culture.
Tattoos, waist beads, nose ring, anklets, short dresses are all part of African culture. The only time some set of humans remember African culture is once it comes to polygamy. The ones listed above makes one irresponsible except polygamy of course. Pick n drop like attachment😂.
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A not really known group of people in Nigeria are the Hausa traditionalists called Maguzawa *a Qu’ranic term meaning "infidel".
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Thread on the divine kingship in the kingdom of Benin from the 16th-18th centuries: The kings of Benin as Gods.
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Militarist polities of the Niger-Benue Rivers: Thread on the Kwararafa & Nupe at war from the 13th-17th century.
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Today, 12th of January in 1964, African labourers from Uganda, Tanzania & Kenya with retired police officer's led by Field Marshal John Okello started the bloody revolution in Unguja, Zanzibar archipelago & overthrew the over 100 year old brutal Arab regime. [Thread]
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There is even a possibility that West Africans (most likely people in Benin) taught the portuguese how to make soap with palm oil & ash (which the portuguese in Sierra Leone valued highly). I say this because in the 1500s account of West Africa by the portuguese pilot who tells. .
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Thread on Kingdoms of the Sudan that flourished & prospered before the rise of Mali in the 14th-century.
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Lumumba joined the ancestors feeling betrayed by his Pan-African comrades, especially by a certain one.
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Thread on the aquatic water sports on the Gold Coast of West Africa from the 16th-19th century.
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The king of Benin ruling around the early 1650s had an island rendered as "Oebo" that he banished people (he did not execute) to. One wonders what island this was.
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The fantasizing from other groups of men about black men having big dicks is more than a thousand years old. This excerpt is from the book 'Book of the Glory of the Black Race' by the 8th/9th-century Iraqi polymath, Al-Jahiz
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All these useless Africa pages & Southern African accounts with large followings should have gotten the memo by now that Twitter is Stormfront & a place where racial losers love blathering, so stop posting vids of underprivileged Africans in rural areas with weird captions.
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The picture on the right is from present-day Uganda & they are luos & it is from 1909. Also what point are you making, you saying FBA's were civilised by the white man? & clothed up by him? if not you would have been half-naked in Africa? so slavery did benefit fbas & was a good.
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I find it interesting that there are illustrations of two prominent pre-colonial African female monarchs, Queen Njinga (d.1663) & Queen of Waalo, Ndaté Yalla Mbodj (d.1860) smoking tobacco from long tobacco pipes.
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Benin Bronzes do not belong to Nigeria, it belongs to the people of the Benin Kingdom in present-day Edo state. The Benin Kingdom could not have profited from the slave trade because, at the height of the slave trade, they did not participate in it.(Thread with excerpts). Benin. .
🔴 The Benin Bronzes must not be returned to Nigeria because the African nation profited from slavery, a US civil rights group has warned the Charity Commission.
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@PRADASWANS I am sure almost all Arab Americans are on cloud 9 with this Trump victory n'd after Trump reduces Palestine into fine particles, they & their abeeds would find a way to blame it on Kamala.
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Equestrianism in Senegambian History: Thread on Wolof horsemen of the Senegambia in the 15th-17th centuries.
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If they had melanin the comments would be full of quotes from mein kampf & jarring ramblings on "degeneracy".
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Now compare Nigeria to Asian countries like Pakistan, Bangladesh, India etc (ex British colonised countries that are as "large in size" & with "similar" population numbers & post the GDP per capita's, let me see something.
Singapore was colonized by the British for over 150 yrs in total. Nigeria was colonized by the British for effectively 75 years. Singapore GDP per capita - $59,798. Britain GDP per capita - $40,285. Nigeria GDP per capita - $2,097. Keep crying about colonialism. You hear?.
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Descendant of slaves in the west dissing Africans with poverty & lack of electricity is not a self own, it is just another way for those types to tell the world that they do agree with racists & reckon that slavery was a divine blessing for them, as it rescued them from Africa.
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"to many an African the white man exudes some rancid odour not agreeable to his olfactory nerves"
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There was Equestrian duelling (joust) among the Wolofs in Senegambia. There was surfing on the Gold Coast among the coastal locals (like the Fantes) that attracted spectators & "surfing" among southern Cameroonian fishermen. I also know about Chess in Bornu (Ngazargamu).
@GhostofOkello What sort of sports did west Africans do in pre colonial times.
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losing a 300k-dollars a-year job over the Palestine cause is not worth it when you are not even related to the people. she must have read too much Angela Davis.
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Black Africans need to form league of Black African states. We are not the same with these people (North Africans).
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Their metallurgy & bronze casting also intrigues. Igbo Ukwu bronzes-the earliest-in pre-colonial Nigerian history led diffusionists to suggest they were the progenitors in the area. With Igbo Ukwu glass beads, Northrup argues they were the ones initially supplying Benin the beads
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Thread on Equisterianism in the Kingdom of Benin & the potentate's yearly parade on horseback in the 17th century.
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Thread on Equestrianism in the kingdoms of Kanem & Bornu from the 12th-19th century.
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Blacks in North America don't have any distinct look, even the european ancestry supposedly making them different has little to no effect cause the average black American, like Haitian, afro-colombians, Afro-Ecuadorians looks like the average rural Nigerian-yoruba person. The. .
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The idea that north east Africa had the most advanced civilisations in sub-saharan Africa is rubbish. Outside ethiopia (that is frankly overrated) none from that region can compare to the likes of Ghana, Mali, imperial kanem, imperial Songhay. Also amongst. .
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Thread on some social customs & other intrigues in the Kingdom of Benin in the 16th-17th century.
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to attend school's in colonial NG, so your ass goes to school, you become a Christian, grow up, force it on your child etc. Also, Europeans who had the political power during colonisation were Christain's & made it hard for traditionalists to access opportunities. Not any. .
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@Kdenkss I think for Haiti, you have to factor in the fact that they had to pay France to maintain their independence, they paid France more than 20 billion dollars, & it took more than a hundred years to complete the payment & they also got invaded by America & looted.
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Friendly reminder that Ivory coast hosts more middle eastern/north African immigrants/refugees fleeing for a better life, than Tunisia, & their MENA population is like X10 that of the black migrant population in Tunisia.
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Leftists suddenly have brain farts when it comes to anti-blackness in the MENA, but constantly trip over themselves to point out black colonisers of Liberia.
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@hoexpresso Sub-saharan African men enslaved Turk, Georgian & Circassian women, would you then say they did not include white women in their definition of woman? Since by virtue of enslavement you are excluded?.
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Ethiopia sold more human beings into the overseas slave trade than Ashanti & Benin combined. If anybodies economy was based on slavery, it was yours. Also, benin empire at its peak in the medieval era, had the most well designed city in Africa with a well run bureaucracy.
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It would be good if people actually read the texts some "juicy" excerpts they post are from instead of just digging through peoples pages to take them - so one can know how to reply detractors or skeptics.
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special in those European & Arab jargons, & conversion was not to get "more meaning", was just to make upward social mobility easy) contrary to the myth pushed by many self loathing Africans.
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Pair of 16th-17th century Benin brass leopard figures
On tame Leopards in Benin & the Dagomba custom of taming elephants
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Do people not know that rice is indigenous to West Africa? Historically, it was one of the staple foods in regions like contemporary coastal Senegal, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Salone & Benin Republic (formerly Dahomey). Rice was also consumed by inhabitants of the (Lake Chad area).
@PrinceCamaraSL Perhaps it's a consequence of French colonization? With the importation of rice from Indochina to Africa.
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Thread on the Exotic animals & Devoted & Wild companion animals of West Africa in the 11th-18th centuries.
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Africans returning to Lagos from Brazil in the late 19th Century.
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While I understand the sentiment, I just want to point out that DNA studies from contemporary Jamaicans & W. Africans reveal that the maternal ancestry of more Jamaicans was from the Gold Coast than from any other part of West Africa.
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The Lebanese would soon own west Africa, I am not joking. While misanthropic Africans are bothered about a few diasporans relocating, & me ( rightfully) worried about the Chinese everytime. The Lebanese are the ones "colonising".
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Scrolling through Tiktok is seeing. <west African nationalists on there making good use of excerpts I post on twitter> . Before Al-Bakri said that, he also mentions that on the road to Sudan (black West Africa) there was a known freshwater well that was dug by the Umayyads
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@cchukudebelu I doubt if she even reads books. Britian's "iron lady" was invading south America, & facilitating conflict's in the middle east that led to the death of thousands of innocent people.
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nonsense, like it was cheaper or any other made up bullshit. When Africans had political power, in the Oyo empire, Yoruba's weren't moved by Islamists & the ones who dared demean Yoruba traditional religion were rightfully killed (Proof that our ancestors did not see anything. .
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Na, Benin was heaven during its heydays, if you are willing to judge it by the standards of that era, but this is one of those cases of factoid esque historiographical myths that plagues African historiography.
@GhostofOkello This is like one of those cases where people frequently view pre colonial Africa as heaven instead of understanding its nuances.
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In Benin, all the houses had wells with fresh water, in addition to large square tanks & water-draining pipes underground that connected different rooms. Dapper also notes that on the road from Ughoton to Benin City, the king made sure travellers on this road had water to drink
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All our electronic devices is made out of the resource. Apple is making billions, congo is in poverty! Congo is the second poorest country in the world! But the richest based on natural resources! So who is using their natural resources😡😡.
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Benin, as it appears in numerous accounts of the 17th century, was not only a wealthy state & the best-governed centralised state in Africa, with a magnificent capital city, but was also a goliath militaristic state that waged wars of reconquest & conquests, acquiring captives. .
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The Maasai in east Africa stubbornly resisted Islam & Swahili cultural influences, while controlling caravan trade routes & being one of the major participants in the Pangani caravan trade. While they refused to succumb to Islamo-shirazi-swahili culture, shirazi/swahili.
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I knew this tweet would bring out the performative diasporans who are going to be crying about exploitation. Why on earth should she pay the price they did not charge her?.
In Accra for $40 they removed my weave, washed + conditioned, blow dried, and gave me large knotless butt length braids with the hair included. Yes, I’m moving back.
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This same sentiment on Africa is shared by like 95 percent of the people in other continents outside Africa. It is why I would always get confused when some on here posit that "Africa is romanticised".
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Westafs interested in castles/forts that existed in the past would have to force their govts to do archaeological reconstructions as was done in other regions. The Murzuq fortress. Murzuq was demographically black & kanuri influenced, it was in Fezzan ( a former Bornu vassal)
ANYWAYS .castles in Africa .-thread.
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Nicholas Said, victim of the Trans-saharan slave trade from the Bornu empire present day Nigeria, lived in Africa, Asia, Europe, the Caribbean & America & fought for the Union Army during the American civil war.[Thread].{Check out the ref.list/appendix with excerpts at the end}.
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In 1873 hundreds of Enslaved Africans working on Arab sugar plantations in escaped from slavery & established one of the most powerful settlements in East African history [Thread] In the 1860's, attempts were made to establish sugar production in East Africa which brought about.
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16th-century Bornu chronicler notes that there were atheists in Bornu who refused to convert to Islam. & a capuchin priest who travelled widely in Kongo & Mbundu-speaking regions of central Africa at the end of the 17th century noted that he met an atheist during his travels.
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Thread on the Fashion Trends, Industries, Social Ideals, & Customs in the kingdom of Bornu during the Saifawa era.
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There were numerous Islamic jihads in West Africa from the 11th century till the 19th century. The Abrahamic religion in Africa that was by & large, spread peacefully, was Christianity.
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The richest royals in West African history were most likely from Ghana, Mali & Benin. Ghana's royals' source of wealth- gold.Mali's royals' source of wealth- gold/taxes/customs.Benin royals' source of wealth-cant say, but the empire's export was Benin made cloths & not slaves.
African royals have to be the biggest fumblers in history. > Get rich from the slave trade. > becoming some of the wealthiest countries on earth. > refuse to diversify economy. > slave trade ends and your country collapses. > Europeans take advantage & colonize everything.
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Nigerian style parenting is one of the reasons a good number of Nigerians cannot articulate themselves, communicate effectively & express themselves. Most Nigerian kids grew up in households were they couldn't express themselves & voice their opinions which affects them. .
Nigerians have been so abused in the name of parenting that we don't even know what love looks like, how can you say that her dad burning her running shoes was an act of love and was done in her best interest? What are you smoking to make you type that?.
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& the moors were vassals of the blacks ."Zafun in the Sudan have a powerful & redoubtable king. stronger than the (Almoravids) & more versed in the art of kingship. (Almoravids) acknowledge his superiority over them-obey him & resort to him in all important matters of government"
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@xspotsdamark 1600s report on Allada citizens & their ways. "men & women are very careful to wash their bodies, morning & evening in clean pure water & anoint them with civet(perfume)"
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Birni Ngazargamu Revisited. Thread on Birni Ngazargamu, the imperial capital of Bornu during its heydays. It was one of the greatest cities in West African history, & one of the most distinguished in African history before its sack in 1808.
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How tf is this low budget nazi imbecile being praised on twitter currently over an idiotic speech.
TUNISIA PRESIDENT to IMF: "You want us to sell Tunisia? Tunisia is not for sale. Foreign diktats that will lead to more poverty are unacceptable. The world must understand. human beings are not figures or a set of numbers for subtraction and addition."
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@panfba1 just the way boy ge mendes a West African musician from senegal of cape verdean descent is phenotypically different from Michael Jordan, except you want to claim Jordan is a West African immigrant - because he doesn't look like a mulatto.
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sensationalist rubbish. the private hands in question are literally the Benin royal family, to who Buhari said he would give any Benin bronze returned too, as they are the rightful owners, not the "Nigerian state".
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Some people are trying to gaslight her in the replies, for seeing through the bullshit, meanwhile, someone has already said the quiet part out loud . Apparently, Africans that look like Ayra Starr & Tyla are not the Africans population differentiators are talking about.
We can tell like I can tell a Ghanaian from a South African. However, in this case it isn’t in good faith. They’re saying that we look 100% Black, with no splash of Caucasian blood to make us more palatable to them. That’s why they cried blood about Tyla identifying as mixed.
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I think you got some information mixed up. It was the palace of the King of Ghana built circa 1116-1117 that was "known" for its glass windows, at a time when glass windows were a rarity in the world. This was noted by Al-Idrisi.
@JeKsT3R @xspotsdamark The Kingdom of Benin is known for the glass windows on the rulers palace. That was centuries earlier, but Portuguese explorers documented it.
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The type of people crying over Jamz's tweet are the ones who believe that they introduced hygiene to Africans.
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Dahomey was not even top 11 slave exporter in African history. How did the kingdom manage to become the "poster boy" for the slavery/ slave trading in Africa. When I think about this thing I just get angry.
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@PetiteEbonyGirl Black South Africans can't afford rent in Cape Town city centre which i reckon has thousands of whites ( locals, immigrants & expats) because of a handful of black Americans? Do you abuse our intelligence?.
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Coming from someone that believes Mohammed split the moon into two, someone that believes there are women waiting for him in the sky & believes that if he kills himself for an arab god, it the fastest way to paradise? someone that goes to arabia to walk round a black stone?.
Your heroes believe these pieces of fabric strewn with cowries and drenched in vegetable oil or whatever is capable of resisting a heavy metal travelling at over 800 meters per second. These are the quality of thinkers you trust to represent your interests.
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I wonder how many looted items from the museum would be acquired by Middle Eastern patricians. I know that a member of Qatar's royal family acquired a 16th-century Benin Ivory mask that was once scheduled for auction in 2011, with an estimated value of £3.5m–£4.5m.
At no point in Africa's post-colonial history has a national museum been looted at this scale . this is yet more evidence that the UAE is a colonial scourge in Sudan, exactly like the French and British theft of Africa's priceless artifacts.
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Erm looks like your theory doesn't gel & you might need to monitor your own bias. 2015 results: Nigeria (1st), South Africa (2nd), Burkina Faso (3rd). & in 2009 & 2010 Ivory Coast (Cote d'Ivoire) finished 1st in the competition. (also, most countries are not regular participants)
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Revisiting, "African resistance to the Atlantic slave trade in West Africa" by Winston McGowan. While the author does justice discussing Benin's marginal contribution to the Atlantic slave trade, I don't know what gives the author the idea, as made.
@BountyDwags Benin's involvement in the trade is summed up in the blue highlighted sentences & as you can see, it was so insignificant (because when you even look at the numbers it is made clear) that the slave trade should not even be discussed when it comes to Benin's history.
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Divorce was common in Bornu & the life expectancy in Benin was relatively high. Sandoval also lets us know that the number of births & deaths in Benin was recorded weekly for administrative purposes.
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The reaction from Westerners (radicals & racists) to the video of kids in an elite Ugandan school arriving for prom in exotic cars is interesting. One wonders what irritates their sensibilities, given the context. Surely, if one wants to see Africa or the ways of life of Africans
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the soap in the region in Senegambia valued highly & not allowed to be exported to portugal-so portuguese soap makers would not be put out of business was not even the best-produced soap in West Africa. According to Nyendael, Benin (Edo) people made the best soap in West Africa
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On the Benin City walls. In the 1600s, the Royal Palace in Benin was noted to be as large as cities in europe & was also noted to be surrounded by a wall. Great Benin City was one of the largest cities in the world in the 17th century & was noted to be surrounded by a wall.
@MCRBangoura Honestly, I won't fault an iffy reconstruction for the size it appears as, in it. But yes, it was noted to be large as a city. A German who visited in the 1600s declared it to be as large as the city of Tubingen. The Dutch noted it was as large as the city of Haarlem
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