Decisive History
@DecisiveHist
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Exploring #ancienthistory and #prehistory | I post daily content on the historical footprint they left behind
Baltimore, MD
Joined April 2023
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Official recommended reading thread 🧵
This is worth a bookmark if you are an avid reader. I'll keep adding books that I think are worthy of your hard earned money and most importantly your time. In complete transparency, these are Amazon affiliate links so I will earn a
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@histories_arch
Sorry to rain on the parade, but I believe that's a Dungeons and Dragons map of Castle Grayhawk.
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Who were the people of Ahhiyawa?
There isn't archaeological evidence of the Ahhiyawa kingdom; however, the Hittites reference them so often in their texts that they undoubtedly were a real kingdom the Hittites had conflict & correspondence with. One theory suggests the
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@historyinmemes
That's wild - could you imagine how dark that cave was at night. I'm going to go grab a flashlight just thinking about that.
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In 2016, Archaeologists excavating at the port of Phaleron in Athens, Greece made a grim discovery. 80 skeletal remains shackled together were discovered in a mass grave which dates to approx. 650-625 BCE. One theory suggests these were the men lead by Athenian athlete, Kylon,
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I find it fascinating that we don't know the origins of the Sumerian language. It's an isolated language w/o any current evidence of it evolving over time. Its not Semitic or Indo-European. Furthermore, the language continued to appear 100s of yrs after the fall of Sumer. Similar
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@archeohistories
Those reliefs are impressive in person.
These are so impressive in person. Winged Genius (Apkallu) from time of Ashurnasirpal II (883-859 BCE).
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@historyinmemes
That’s fantastic! Norm is missed and I can’t think of another comedian like him.
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@historyinmemes
I didn’t know this existed! How did they determine it was from the Battle of Marathon?
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Did you know Alexander the Great is referenced in the Bible?
1 Maccabees 1: "After Alexander son of Philip, the Macedonian, who came from the land of Kittim, had defeated King Darius of the Persians and the Medes, he succeeded him as king. (He had previously become king of
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On Jan. 4, 1928, Sir Leonard Woolley made an astounding discovery in Iraq. He unearthed an "intact tomb...with jewels and golden cups." He found the Royal Cemetery (Graves) of Ur. It's a fascinating exploration and it will take a couple tweets to get through so stay tuned...
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@archeohistories
Alexander the Great was also referenced in the Bible
Did you know Alexander the Great is referenced in the Bible?
1 Maccabees 1: "After Alexander son of Philip, the Macedonian, who came from the land of Kittim, had defeated King Darius of the Persians and the Medes, he succeeded him as king. (He had previously become king of
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It's amazing a place like Iklaina even exists. It's a late Bronze age site from approx. 1600-1100 BCE. Iklaina was a Mycenaean capital city and appears to have been a palace which had drainage systems, pottery, murals, walls, sewers, shrines and more.
It's location is on the
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This female figurine is from the Cycladic culture and dates to approx. 2500-2400 BCEish.
The Cycladic culture was a Bronze Age culture who occupied the group of islands in the southern Aegean Sea between Greece and Turkey. And when I say group, I really mean 200ish small
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@historyinmemes
Cat spys! Another reason I don't like cats (sorry cat people - I'm allergic).
But for real, this was/is sick!
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How many ancient flood stories do we have?
I can name 3 without googling 🙋♂️
1) Old Testament (Bible)
2) Gilgamesh (Sumerian)
3) Deucalion and Pyrrha (Greek)
What else is out there…
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At the of Battle of Ulai between Assyria and Elam in 653 BCE, Prince Tammaritu
of Elam along his father, King Teumman, were beheaded by Ashurbanipal’s army. This Assyrian relief depicts this scene.
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Ashurbanipal’s library was located in the ancient Assyrian city of Nineveh. It was excavated between 1851 and 1932. The excavation resulted in an astounding 30,000+ clay tablets with cuneiform writing on them. It’s truly one of the greatest discoveries from our ancient past.
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Who and what was the Kingdom of Arzawa? According to Hittite records, they were a Bronze age group of countries in western Anatolia that formed an alliance in the 15th century BCE. They were a threat to the Hittites and even Egypt saw them as an emerging threat.
The lands of
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Imagine entering a cave where Neanderthals & modern day humans possibly coexisted. And this particular cave system was used for 100,000+ years. In this 🧵, we are going to examine some surviving remnants of these prehistory societies and what it tells us about them.
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This Hittite sword was found at ancient city of Hattusa near the Lion Gate. The inscription read: "When the Great King Tudhaliya razed the land of Assuwa, he offered this sword as a vow to his Lord, the god of storm."
Things probably didn't go well for Assuwa.
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Baalbek (modern day Lebanon) is a very interesting site that I feel like doesn't get enough attention. It's an ancient Phoenician city and there isn't a lot known about the area before the Ancient Greeks. It has some HUGE megalithic structures that are as impressive as
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An extraordinary piece of pottery was found at the Eanna Temple in the ancient Sumerian city of Uruk. The Warka Vase (aka Uruk Vase) has various scenes carved on it and the vase stands a sizeable meter tall. It dates somewhere around 3000 BCEish.
One of the many scenes features
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@histories_arch
Baalbek is intriguing!
Baalbek (modern day Lebanon) is a very interesting site that I feel like doesn't get enough attention. It's an ancient Phoenician city and there isn't a lot known about the area before the Ancient Greeks. It has some HUGE megalithic structures that are as impressive as
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@PhysInHistory
Nothing wrong with education just don’t let the cost of education constrain your future. I will say you can pretty learn anything you want these days with an internet connection if you are self-motivated enough.
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@historyinmemes
Oh blockbuster…I was more Hollywood videos back in the day. Renting tapes and dvds. My kids will have no idea what that was like.
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Experiencing a volcanic eruption was probably not a pleasant experience for those living in Santorini island in 1500 BCEish. However it encapsulated spectacular Minoan art like the Ship Procession Fresco of Akrotiri. It gives us a small glimpse into the world of the Minoans.
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@itswpceo
Where is Iran and Iraq? You are missing where the first civilization possibly started with the Sumerians and Akkadians.
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King Phillip II of Macedon funerary treasures: golden larnax with his ashes (assuming its him) and royal golden wreath.
Photo and knowledge credit to
@henri_mourant
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5 Interesting Discoveries from the Palace of Nestor at Pylos
Background: The Palace of Nestor is one of the most intact surviving Mycenaean palaces and has provided invaluable evidence of Mycenaean society.
1) In May 2015, a male body was found in a stone tomb along with a
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Don't you wish you could have dropped in at the meeting where King Hammurabi of Babylon wrote down his famous law code? Here are 5 of the more obscure laws listed by Hammurabi.
1) If any one break a hole into a house (break in to steal), he shall be put to death before that hole
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A compelling Egyptian inscription was found at the base of a statue at Amenhotep III's mortuary temple, Kom El-Hetan. It offered some critical insight that the Egyptians and Aegeans had contact during the late Bronze Age. This inscription which was called the "Aegean List" would
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These are so impressive in person. Winged Genius (Apkallu) from time of Ashurnasirpal II (883-859 BCE).
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The height of the Hittite power was in the 14-13th century BCE. The kingdom covered a large portion of Anatolia along with northern Syria. The capital city was Hattusa.
For a Bronze age capital city, Hattusa was enormous and consisted of a lower and upper part of the city.
The
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@archeohistories
Check out the story from the Battle of Kadesh which depicted on various Egyptian walls
The Battle of Kadesh in 1274 BCE was recorded on 5 Egyptian temples:
1) Ramesseum
2) Karnak
3) Luxor
4) Abydos
5) Abu Simbel (photo)
There are generally 2 versions of the battle between the Egyptians and Hittites: the literary record ("Poem") and the reliefs depicting episodes
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Hammurabi’s Laws - "The Code of Hammurabi"
The Babylonian laws were inscribed on a 7ft high polished stone stele with a depiction of Hammurabi receiving the laws from the God Shamash (the God of Justice).
-the stele was placed in public for everyone to see.
-282 laws listed
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@nypost
One of longest lasting empires ever in human history which heavily influenced the United States…of course we think about it!
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All actions have consequences. When Athens contacted the Persians for help, a misunderstanding created bad blood between the 2. A chain reaction of historical events would begin. In true Aristotle fashion, let's go through the beginning, middle & end of the
#BattleofMarathon
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Çatalhöyük aka Catal Huyuk (“Fork Mound”) is a fascinating site.
-Approx. established 7500 BCE
-300 miles west of Gobekli Tepe
-Near the heart of the Anatolian plateau
-Surrounded by marshlands originally (today much dryer)
-Consists of artificial mounds created from countless
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To be a legend, you've got to make legendary moves. Let's review what Alexander of Macedon aka Alexander the Great did when he approached Thessaly after his father, King Phillip II, was assassinated.
#alexanderthegreat
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The death of Alexander the Great is one of those historical voids where we just don't have enough information to process what exactly happened. Plutarch stated that after Alexander had drinks with his admiral Nearcus and friend Medius, he came down with a fever and just never
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If you could visit one era of Rome, which one and why?
Roman Kingdom
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Roman Republic
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Roman Empire
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Byzantine Empire
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@goodreads
Working through some of these:
Barnes and Noble is dangerous. At least I got 10% off with the membership. 🤣
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The Mycenean Spring Fountain was a water well discovered on the Acropolis in Athens. The well construction was used during the late Mycenaean period (1200 BCEish) and was an early example of public water supply to the city. It was able to be dated to the Mycenaean period as
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Ashurnasirpal II who ruled Assyria from 883–859 BCE had a reputation of brutality when it came to his enemies. In one of his inscriptions, he writes:
"I flayed all the chiefs who had revolted and I covered the pillar with their skins. Some I impaled upon the pillar on stakes and
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The Battle of Kadesh in 1274 BCE was recorded on 5 Egyptian temples:
1) Ramesseum
2) Karnak
3) Luxor
4) Abydos
5) Abu Simbel (photo)
There are generally 2 versions of the battle between the Egyptians and Hittites: the literary record ("Poem") and the reliefs depicting episodes
In 1274 BCE, the Hittite king, King Muwatalli (King Suppiluliuma I’s grandson) confronted the Egyptians led by Pharaoh Rames II. This led to the Battle of Kadesh, one of the great battles of ancient history. King Ramses II claimed victory, but the outcome appears to be a draw.
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Greatest empire in history? 🤔
Roman Empire
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Persian Empire
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British Empire
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Mongol Empire
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@goodreads
Depends...usually one at a time, but guilty of reading 3-4 haphazardly. Usually when I'm splitting time on books I probably should have given up on it.
Have a great weekend. 👍
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Sir Austen Henry Layard made a major historical and religious discovery in 1846. He was excavating the ancient Neo-Assyrian city of Nimrud (Kalhu) when his team discovered an intact & completely preserved black limestone obelisk dedicated to Assyrian King Shalmaneser III (858-824
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@Rainmaker1973
One of the most intriguing and ancient artifacts from Uruk:
An extraordinary piece of pottery was found at the Eanna Temple in the ancient Sumerian city of Uruk. The Warka Vase (aka Uruk Vase) has various scenes carved on it and the vase stands a sizeable meter tall. It dates somewhere around 3000 BCEish.
One of the many scenes features
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@WarMonitors
Wasn't this one of the primary reasons Russia invaded? I'm pro-whatever gets us to peace.
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A 7,000 year old stone circle can be found in Nabta Playa, Egypt. It's 700 miles from the Great Pyramid of Giza and might be the oldest stone circles built in the world. A research paper published in 2007 claims the stones align with the star system Alpha Centauri & Belt of Orion
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One of Alexander the Great's more significant injuries came during a later military campaign. After crossing the Indus River, the Macedonian army attacked the Mallians (located in modern day Pakistan). The Mallians targeted ATG where he was struck by an arrow and according to the
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@latestinspace
Damn that is sad. Lahaina was and will be beautiful again. I was there last year and had an amazing time there.
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Ancient Greeks were using the Phoenician alphabet as early as 770 BCE. Fragments of Greek inscriptions are the oldest reference point and the Dipylon inscription which dates to 740 BCE is the oldest full Ancient Greek sample to have certain letters match the Phoenician alphabet.
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STORY🧵- Justinian I was one of the most successful and prolific Roman Emperors of the later Roman Empire out of Constantinople. Justinian’s wife, Empress Theodora, was what J.B. Bury states from his book History of the Later Roman Empire: "a girl of exceptional charms and
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The Ishtar Gate from Babylon is impressive and what's just as impressive was how the gate was reconstructed after excavation.
Robert Koldewey excavated the site of Babylon for 15 years (1899-1914). The amount of dirt covering the ancient site was substantial. Approx. 900 boxes
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